藨草，中药名。为莎草科植物薦草Schoenoplectus triqueter（L.）Palla[Scirpus triqueter L.]的全草。具有开胃消食，清热利湿的功效。主治饮食积滞，胃纳不佳，呃逆饱胀，热淋，小便不利。
Biao-cao, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It refers to the whole plant of Schoenoplectus triqueter (L.) Palla [Scirpus triqueter L.], a plant of the sedge family. It has the effects of appetizing, promoting digestion, clearing heat, and promoting diuresis. It is mainly used for treating food stagnation, poor appetite, belching, fullness in the stomach, hot dysuria, and difficult urination.
NMM ID | nmm-0a74 |
系统名 | Schoenoplectus triqueter Herb |
系统中文名 | 三棱水葱全草（sān léng shuǐ cōng quán cǎo） |
通用名 | Biao-cao |
通用中文名 | 藨草（biāo cǎo） |
标准化译名 | Schoenoplectus triqueter Herb (NMM-0A74, Biao-cao) |
标准化中文译名 | 三棱水葱全草（NMM-0A74，藨草） |
类型 | plant |
物种基源 | Schoenoplectus triqueter | 三棱水葱 |
药用部位 | herb | 全草 |
特殊描述 | |
炮制方法 | |
系统名命名解释 | 本天然药材出自“国家中医药管理局名词术语成果转化与规范推广”项目。 藨草，中药名。为莎草科植物薦草Schoenoplectus triqueter（L.）Palla[Scirpus triqueter L.]的全草。具有开胃消食，清热利湿的功效。主治饮食积滞，胃纳不佳，呃逆饱胀，热淋，小便不利。 |
通用名命名解释 | NMMGN衍生自“国家中医药管理局名词术语成果转化与规范推广”项目相关中药材中文名。 |
上级药材 | |
下级药材 | |
创建人 | |
审核专家 |
功效作用 Efficacy and Functions
开胃消食，清热利湿。
Appetite stimulation, digestion promotion, heat-clearing, and dampness-removing.
主治 Indications
饮食积滞，胃纳不佳，呃逆饱胀，热淋，小便不利。
Dietary stagnation, poor appetite, belching, fullness after eating, hot and painful urination, and difficulty urinating.
用法用量 Dosage and Administration
内服：煎汤，15-30g。
Internal administration: Decoction, 15-30g.
注意事项 Precautions
孕妇及体虚无积滞者慎服。
Pregnant women and those with deficient constitution and no stagnation should take it with caution.
相关论述 Relevant Discussions
《新华本草纲要》：具有健胃的功效。用于食积气滞、呃逆饱胀。孕妇及体虚者勿用。
"Compendium of Materia Medica": It has the function of invigorating the stomach. It is used for food stagnation, belching, and fullness. Pregnant women and those who are physically weak should not use it.
加工炮制 Processing and Preparation
采收加工：秋季采收，洗净，切段，晒干。
Harvest in autumn, wash, cut into sections, and dry in the sun.
植物学信息 Botanical Information
植物种属：莎草科植物藨草。
The plant belongs to the Cyperaceae family and is known as Scirpus planiculmis.
形态特征 Morphological Characteristics
藨草，多年生草本，高20-100cm。匍匐根茎细长。秆散生，三棱形，较粗壮，近基部有2-3个叶鞘，先端叶鞘有叶片。叶片扁平，长1-5cm，宽1.5-2mm。苞片1，为秆的延长，三棱形、长1.5-6cm。伞形花序假侧生，有1-8个簇生小穗；小穗卵形或长圆形，长3-4mm，膜质，黄棕色，具1脉，边缘疏生缘毛，先端微凹或圆形；下位刚毛3-5条，有倒刺，与小坚果近等长；雄蕊3，花药线形；花柱短，柱头2，细长。小坚果卵形，长2-3mm，平凸状，熟时黑褐色，平滑，具光泽。花、果期6-10月。
Baicao is a perennial herb, 20-100cm tall. It has creeping rhizomes. The stems are scattered, triangular, relatively thick and strong, with 2-3 leaf sheaths near the base, and leaf blades at the apex of the leaf sheaths. The leaf blades are flat, 1-5cm long and 1.5-2mm wide. There is one bract, an extension of the stem, triangular, 1.5-6cm long. The umbel inflorescence is pseudo-lateral, with 1-8 clustered spikelets; the spikelets are ovate or oblong, 3-4mm long, membranous, yellow-brown, with one vein, sparsely hairy on the edge, slightly concave or round at the apex; 3-5 stiff hairs at the base, with barbs, nearly equal in length to the nutlets; 3 stamens, anther linear; short style, with 2 slender stigmas. The nutlets are ovate, 2-3mm long, flat and convex, black-brown when ripe, smooth and shiny. The flowering and fruiting period is from June to October.
分布区域 Distribution Area
除广东、海南外，各地均有分布。
Apart from Guangdong and Hainan, it is distributed in various regions.
生长环境 Growing Environment
生于河边、溪塘边、沼泽地及低洼潮湿处。
Born by the river, stream, marsh, and in low-lying damp areas.