蓟罂粟根，中药名。为罂粟科植物蓟罂粟Argemone mexicana L.的根。具有利小便，杀虫的功效。主治淋病，绦虫病。
Ji-ying-su-gen, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Root of Argemone mexicana L.), also known as Mexican poppy root, belongs to the poppy family. It is known for its diuretic and insecticidal effects, and is commonly used to treat gonorrhea and tapeworm disease.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

利小便，杀虫。
Promote urination, kill parasites.

主治 Indications

淋病，绦虫病。
Gonorrhea and tapeworm infection.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，3-6g；研末，0.5-1.5g。
Internal use: Decoction, 3-6g; Powder, 0.5-1.5g.

化学成分 Chemical Composition

根含别隐品碱，原阿片碱，小檗碱，血根碱，去甲血根碱及痕量黄连碱，还含β-谷甾醇。
The roots contain allocryptopine, protopine, berberine, sanguinarine, nor-sanguinarine, trace amounts of coptisine, and β-sitosterol.

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：9-10月采挖，晒干。
Harvesting and processing: dug from September to October and dried in the sun.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：罂粟科植物蓟罂粟。
Species: Argemone mexicana L., a plant of the Papaveraceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

蓟罂粟一年生草本，高30-100cm，具苦汁液。茎具分枝，散生刺，被白粉。基生叶密聚；具长不足1cm的短柄；叶片椭圆形，长为5-20cm，宽2.5-7.5cm，上面绿色，沿脉的两侧灰白色，下面灰绿色，两面沿脉散生刺，边缘羽状深裂，裂片具波状齿，齿尖有刺；茎生叶互生，无柄或半抱茎。
Argemone mexicana is an annual herb, 30–100 cm tall, with bitter sap. The stem is branched, bears scattered spines, and is covered with whitish powder. Basal leaves are densely clustered, with short petioles less than 1 cm long; leaf blades are elliptical, 5–20 cm long and 2.5–7.5 cm wide, green on upper surface with gray-white along veins, gray-green beneath; both surfaces bear scattered spines along the veins; margins are deeply pinnately lobed, with wavy-toothed lobes ending in spines. Stem leaves are alternate, sessile or semi-clasping.

花密集排列成顶生花序；花梗极短；每花具2-3枚叶状苞片，长1-3cm，宽1-1.5cm；萼片舟形，长1cm，先端具距，距尖有刺，外面散生少数刺，于开花时即脱落；花瓣6，宽倒卵形，长1.7-3cm，黄色或橙黄色；花丝长约7mm，花药狭长圆形，长1.5-2mm，开裂后弯成半圆形至圆形；子房长圆形，高约0.7-1cm，被黄褐色伸展的刺，花柱极短，柱头3-6裂，深红色。
The flowers are densely arranged in terminal inflorescences; pedicels are very short; each flower has 2–3 leaf-like bracts, 1–3 cm long and 1–1.5 cm wide. Sepals are boat-shaped, about 1 cm long, with a spur at the apex bearing a spine and a few scattered spines externally, which fall off at flowering. There are 6 petals, broadly obovate, 1.7–3 cm long, yellow or orange-yellow. Filaments are about 7 mm long; anthers are narrowly oblong, 1.5–2 mm long, dehiscing and curving into semicircular to circular shapes. The ovary is oblong, 0.7–1 cm high, covered with spreading yellow-brown spines; style is very short; stigma is 3–6-lobed and deep red.

蒴果卵圆形，长2.5-5cm，宽1.5-3cm，被稀疏黄褐色的刺，4-6瓣自先端开裂至全长1/4-1/3。种子球形，具明显的网纹。花期5-7月，果期6-8月。
The capsule is ovoid, 2.5–5 cm long and 1.5–3 cm wide, sparsely covered with yellow-brown spines, splitting into 4–6 valves from the apex down to 1/4–1/3 of its length. Seeds are spherical, with distinct reticulate patterns. Flowering period is May to July; fruiting period is June to August.

分布区域 Distribution Area

福建、台湾、广东、海南、云南等地有庭园栽培，或逸为野生；北京、河南等地偶见栽培。
Cultivated in gardens in Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan, Yunnan, and other regions, sometimes escaped into the wild; occasionally cultivated in Beijing, Henan, and other places.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔850-1200m的田坝中或江边。
Found in fields or along riverbanks at altitudes of 850–1200 meters.