九头青，中药材名。本品为龙胆科龙胆属植物簇花龙胆GentianadavidiiFranch.，以全草入药。夏秋采集，鲜用或晒干。功能主治为：清热解毒，利尿，明目。用于化脓性骨髓炎，尿路感染，结膜炎；外用治疖痈。
Jiu-tou-qing, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. This product is the whole plant of Gentiana davidii Franch., a plant of the Gentianaceae family. It is used fresh or dried in summer and autumn. Its functions include clearing heat, detoxifying, diuresis, and improving vision. It is used for suppurative osteomyelitis, urinary tract infections, conjunctivitis; and externally for treating boils and carbuncles.
NMM ID | nmm-0a17 |
系统名 | Gentiana davidii Herb |
系统中文名 | 五岭龙胆全草（wǔ lǐng lóng dǎn quán cǎo） |
通用名 | Jiu-tou-qing |
通用中文名 | 九头青（jiǔ tóu qīng） |
标准化译名 | Gentiana davidii Herb (NMM-0A17, Jiu-tou-qing) |
标准化中文译名 | 五岭龙胆全草（NMM-0A17，九头青） |
类型 | plant |
物种基源 | Gentiana davidii | 五岭龙胆 |
药用部位 | herb | 全草 |
特殊描述 | |
炮制方法 | |
系统名命名解释 | 本天然药材出自“国家中医药管理局名词术语成果转化与规范推广”项目。 九头青，中药材名。本品为龙胆科龙胆属植物簇花龙胆GentianadavidiiFranch.，以全草入药。夏秋采集，鲜用或晒干。功能主治为：清热解毒，利尿，明目。用于化脓性骨髓炎，尿路感染，结膜炎；外用治疖痈。 |
通用名命名解释 | NMMGN衍生自“国家中医药管理局名词术语成果转化与规范推广”项目相关中药材中文名。 |
上级药材 | |
下级药材 | |
创建人 | |
审核专家 |
功效作用 Efficacy and Functions
清热解毒，利尿，明目。
Clearing heat, detoxifying, promoting diuresis, and improving vision.
主治 Indications
用于化脓性骨髓炎，尿路感染，结膜炎；外用治疖痈。
Used for suppurative osteomyelitis, urinary tract infections, and conjunctivitis; externally used to treat boils and carbuncles.
用法用量 Dosage and Administration
1～2两，水煎服。
1–2 taels, decoct in water and take orally.
植物学信息 Botanical Information
形态特征多年生草本，全株光滑。根状茎短缩，细根呈条状，淡黄色，基生叶簇生密接，叶片披针形，长5～8厘米，质稍厚，有不明显的三出脉，全缘，无柄；茎从叶丛侧面抽出，常3～5枝，高6.5～15厘米，茎生叶矩圆状披针形，长2.5～4厘米，宽0.5～1厘米，最下部的叶长不满1.7厘米，基部成短鞘。秋季开花，花常5～7朵簇生于茎顶，头状，基部被茎上部的3～5叶所包围；萼筒5裂，条状披针形，不等大；花冠漏头状，浅紫蓝色，5浅裂，中间隔以副片。蒴果窄长，成熟时成2瓣开裂。
Perennial herb, smooth throughout. The short rhizome has slender roots that are pale yellow and cylindrical. The basal leaves are densely clustered, lanceolate, 5–8 cm long, slightly thick, with indistinct triple veins, entire margins, and no petioles. The stems emerge from the side of the leaf rosette, often 3–5 branches, 6.5–15 cm tall. The stem leaves are oblong-lanceolate, 2.5–4 cm long, 0.5–1 cm wide, with the lowermost leaves less than 1.7 cm long and forming short sheaths at the base. It blooms in autumn, with 5–7 flowers clustered at the top of the stem, forming a head, surrounded by 3–5 upper leaves; the calyx tube is 5-lobed, lanceolate, and unequal in size; the corolla is salverform, light purple-blue, with 5 shallow lobes and a partition in the middle. The capsule is narrow and elongated, splitting into 2 valves when mature.
分布区域 Distribution Area
分布于浙江、江西、福建、湖南、广东、广西等省区。
Distributed in the provinces and regions of Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan, Guangdong, and Guangxi.
生长环境 Growing Environment
生于山坡、丘陵地阴湿林下、林缘、裸岩旁以及路边草丛中。
Born on the slopes of mountains, in damp forests on hillsides, at the edge of forests, beside bare rocks, and in roadside thickets.