打火草，中药材名。为菊科植物尼泊尔香青Anaphalis nepalensis (Spreng.) Hand.-Mazz.的全草。具有清热平肝，止咳定喘的功效。主治感冒咳嗽，急慢性气管炎，支气和哮喘，高血压病。
Da-huo-cao, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the whole herb of Anaphalis nepalensis (Spreng.) Hand.-Mazz., a plant of the Asteraceae family. It has the effects of clearing heat, soothing the liver, and relieving cough and asthma. It is mainly used for treating colds, coughs, acute and chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, asthma, and hypertension.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热平肝，止咳定喘。
Clearing heat, soothing the liver, stopping cough, and relieving asthma.

主治 Indications

感冒咳嗽，急慢性气管炎，支气管哮喘，高血压病。
The common cold, cough, acute and chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, and hypertension.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，3-12g。
Internal use: Decoction, 3-12g.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《西藏常用中草药手册》：“清凉解毒，平咳定喘。主治感冒咳嗽，急慢性气管炎，风湿性腿痛以及高血压等症。”
"Tibetan Handbook of Commonly Used Traditional Chinese Herbs": "Clearing heat, detoxifying, relieving cough, and calming wheezing. It is used to treat colds, coughs, acute and chronic bronchitis, rheumatic leg pain, and high blood pressure."

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：6-9月开花后采收，洗净，晒干。
Harvest after flowering from June to September, wash and dry.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：菊科香青属植物尼泊尔香青。
The plant belongs to the Asteraceae family, genus Anaphalis, specifically Anaphalis nepalensis.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

多年生草本，高10-30cm。根状茎细或稍粗壮，有长达20（40）cm的细匐枝，密被白色绵毛，有顶生的莲座状叶丛。茎直立或斜升。叶互生；无柄；中部叶长圆形或倒披针形，基部稍抱茎，不下延，全部叶面或下面被白色绵毛及具柄腺毛。头状花序1-6个伞房状排列；总苞多少球形，长8-12mm，宽15-20mm；总苞片8-9层，花期放射状开展，最内层线状披针形，有长约全长1/3的爪部；花托蜂窝状；雌株头状花序外围有多层雌花，中央有3-6个雄花；雄株头状花序全部有雄花，或外围有1-3个雌花。瘦果圆柱形，长1mm，具微毛，冠毛折。花期6-9月，果期8-10月。
Perennial herb, 10-30cm tall. Rhizomes are slender or slightly stout, with long creeping branches up to 20 (40) cm long, densely covered with white woolly hairs, and with terminal rosettes of leaves. Stems are erect or ascending. Leaves are alternate, sessile; middle leaves are oblong or oblanceolate, base slightly clasping the stem, not decurrent; both surfaces or the lower surface are covered with white woolly hairs and stalked glandular hairs. Inflorescences consist of 1-6 capitula in corymbiform arrangement; involucre subglobose, 8-12mm long, 15-20mm wide; phyllaries in 8-9 series, spreading radiately during flowering, innermost ones linear-lanceolate with a claw about one-third the total length; receptacle honeycomb-like; female heads have multiple layers of female flowers on the periphery and 3-6 male flowers in the center; male heads consist entirely of male flowers, or with 1-3 female flowers at the margin. Achenes cylindrical, ca. 1mm long, finely pubescent, with twisted pappus. Flowering from June to September, fruiting from August to October.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于西藏、甘肃、四川、陕西、云南等地。
Distributed in Tibet, Gansu, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Yunnan and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔2400-4500m的山地草坡、林缘、沟边及岩石上。
Found on mountain grassy slopes, forest margins, ravines, and rocks at altitudes of 2400-4500 meters.