茅膏菜，中药材名。为茅膏菜科植物茅膏菜Drosera peltata Smith var.multisepala Y.Z.Ruan［D.peltata Smith var.lunata.non Clarke］或光萼茅膏菜Drosera peltata Smith var.glabrata Y.Z.Ruan的全草。具有活血行气，除湿解毒的功效。主治胃痛，痢疾，小儿疳积，风湿痹痛，跌打损伤，瘰疬，湿疹，疥疮。
Mao-gao-cai, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It refers to the whole plant of Drosera peltata Smith var. multisepala Y.Z.Ruan [D.peltata Smith var. lunata non Clarke] or Drosera peltata Smith var. glabrata Y.Z.Ruan, a plant in the Droseraceae family. It has the functions of promoting blood circulation, relieving qi stagnation, eliminating dampness, and detoxification. It is used to treat stomach pain, dysentery, pediatric malnutrition, rheumatic arthralgia, bruises, scrofula, eczema, and scabies.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

活血行气，除湿解毒。主治
Promoting blood circulation, regulating qi, eliminating dampness, and detoxifying. Mainly used for treating...

胃痛，痢疾，小儿疳积，风湿痹痛，跌打损伤，瘰疬，湿疹，疥疮。用法用量
Stomach pain, diarrhea, pediatric malnutrition, rheumatic pain, bruises, scrofula, eczema, scabies. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，3-9g；或浸酒。外用：捣敷；或研末撒敷，或敷贴有关穴位。注意事项
Internal use: decoction, 3-9g; or soak in alcohol. External use: apply as a poultice; or apply as a powder, or apply and stick on relevant acupoints. Precautions.

本品有毒，内服宜慎。孕妇禁服。叶的水浸液接触皮肤可引起灼痛、发炎。化学成分
This product is toxic and should be taken internally with caution. It is prohibited for pregnant women. Contact with the water infusion of the leaves can cause burning pain and inflammation on the skin. Chemical composition.

全草含矶松素、茅膏醌、羟萘醌、氢化萘醌等多种醌类成分。药理作用
The whole plant contains various quinone components such as juglone, emodin, hydroxyanthraquinone, and hydrogenated anthraquinone. Pharmacological effects.

1、抗菌作用：茅膏醌在体外有抑制H37RV人型结核杆菌作用，最低抑菌浓度（MIC）为25㎍/ml，所含矾松素（白花丹）对葡萄球菌等多种细菌有抗菌作用。对结核杆菌的MIC为7.8㎍/ml，与双氢链霉素的强度相近，在体外对流感病毒也有杀灭作用。矾松素萘醌类除对革兰阳性及阴性菌有效外，对白念珠菌、溶组织阿米巴原虫及阴道滴虫均有效。对醇母菌也有特殊抗菌活性。2、心血管作用：矶松素抑制心脏并扩张血管引起血压下降。大鼠口服1mg/100g可增加凝血酶原时间。3、抗生育作用：大鼠口服矶松素有抗着床和堕胎作用，对兔并有抑制排卵作用。毒理作用

1. Antibacterial effects: Maogaoquinone has an inhibitory effect on H37RV human tuberculosis bacilli in vitro, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 25 μg/ml. It contains fangsongsu (baixiadan) which has antibacterial effects on various bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. The MIC for tuberculosis bacilli is 7.8 μg/ml, which is similar in strength to dihydrostreptomycin. It also has a killing effect on influenza virus in vitro. Fangsongsu naphthoquinone not only effectively acts on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria but also on Candida albicans, Entamoeba histolytica, and Trichomonas vaginalis. It also exhibits special antibacterial activity against Cryptococcus neoformans. 2. Cardiovascular effects: Fangsongsu inhibits the heart and dilates blood vessels, leading to a decrease in blood pressure. Oral administration of 1mg/100g in rats can increase prothrombin time.3. Antifertility effects: Oral administration of fangsongsu in rats has anti-implantation and abortifacient effects, and it also inhibits ovulation in rabbits. Toxic effects are also observed.

小鼠口服矶松素LD50为40mg/kg，大鼠为65mg/kg用0.1%溶液给豚鼠皮下试验，72小时后出现大的红斑。相关论述
The LD50 of dexamethasone is 40mg/kg for mice and 65mg/kg for rats when administered orally. A 0.1% solution was used for subcutaneous testing on guinea pigs, and large red patches appeared after 72 hours. Further discussion is needed on this topic.

1、《本草拾遗》：主赤白久痢2.《分类草药性》：下气。治跌打损伤。3、《全国中草药汇编》：治腰肌劳损，疟疾，角膜云翳，湿疹，神经性皮炎。临床应用 临床应用

1. "Compendium of Materia Medica": mainly used for chronic dysentery with bloody and white stools.2. "Classification of Medicinal Properties": relieves stagnation of qi. Treats injuries from falls and blows.3. "Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines": used for treating lumbar muscle strain, malaria, corneal opacity, eczema, and neurodermatitis. Clinical applications.

①治疗风湿、类风湿性关节炎将茅膏菜全草晒干研末，用水调和，做成绿豆或黄豆大小的丸子敷患处（痛点），外加胶布固定，24小时后取去。敷药后局部有轻微灼痛感，并可出现水泡，此为正常反应。曾治40例，均获一定效果。②治疗神经性皮炎取鲜茅膏菜全草适量捣烂外擦患处，擦至皮肤灼痛为度，日1次（无鲜品可用干草加白酒适量捣烂）。治疗神经性皮炎8例，经3～4次治疗后，局部痒止，鳞屑脱落，收到近期疗效。相关配伍

1. For the treatment of rheumatism and rheumatoid arthritis, dry and grind the whole herb of Maogao Cai, mix it with water, and make it into pills the size of mung beans or soybeans to apply to the affected area (pain point). Secure with adhesive tape and remove after 24 hours. After applying the medicine, there may be a slight burning sensation locally and blisters may appear, which is a normal reaction. This method has been used to treat 40 cases, all of which have achieved certain effects.2. For the treatment of neural dermatitis, crush an appropriate amount of fresh Maogao Cai whole herb and apply it externally to the affected area until the skin feels a burning sensation, once a day (if fresh herbs are not available, crush dried herbs and mix with an appropriate amount of white wine). After treating 8 cases of neural dermatitis with 3 to 4 treatments, the local itching stops, scales fall off, and recent therapeutic effects are achieved. Related compatibility.

1、治食积腹胀，胃痛跌打损伤，腰肌劳伤，风湿性关节炎，淋巴结核：茅膏菜5-15g，煎服，或泡酒（1：10），1次25ml，1日3次。2、治小儿疳积，神经衰弱：茅膏菜（干品）2.5-5g，研末炖肉吃。（1、2方出自《中国民族药志》）3、治风湿关节痛：茅膏菜9g，桑寄生15g，水煎服。（《福建药物志》）4、治神经性皮炎：茅膏菜洗净，去球茎后，用75%乙醇制成10%酊剂，外搽患处。（《江西省中草药新医疗法展览资料汇编》）5、治疥疮：茅膏菜茎、叶研粉与猪油调匀配成约5%油膏外涂、30分钟后洗去。或用茎、叶适量，水煎外洗。（《广西本草选编》）加工炮制 采收加工

1. Treatment for food stagnation causing abdominal distension, stomach pain, bruises, lumbar muscle strain, rheumatoid arthritis, and lymphadenitis: Mashan radish (5-15g) decocted in water for oral administration, or soaked in liquor (1:10) with a dosage of 25ml per time, three times a day.2. Treatment for pediatric malnutrition and neurasthenia: Dried Mashan radish (2.5-5g) ground into powder and stewed with meat for consumption. (The first two prescriptions are from "Chinese National Medicine Chronicles.")3. Treatment for rheumatic joint pain: Mashan radish (9g) and Sangjisheng (15g) decocted in water for oral administration. (From "Fujian Materia Medica Chronicles.")4. Treatment for neurodermatitis: Mashan radish cleaned and the bulbs removed, then processed with 75% ethanol to make a 10% tincture for topical application. (From "Compilation of New Medical Methods of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangxi Province.")5. Treatment for scabies: Mashan radish stems and leaves ground into powder and mixed with lard to make an ointment with about 5% concentration for external application, washed off after 30 minutes. Alternatively, the stems and leaves can be decocted in water for external washing. (From "Selected Compilation of Guangxi Materia Medica.")

5-6月采，鲜用或晒干。药材鉴别 药材性状
Harvest in May to June, use fresh or sun-dry. Identification of medicinal materials and their characteristics.

全草纤细，长5-25cm。块茎球形，直径3-8mm；表面灰黑色，粗糙，先端可见凹点状茎痕；质轻，断面粉性，黄色至棕黄色，可见排列不规则的维管束小点。茎圆形，直径0.5-lmm，表面棕黑色，具纵棱，多中空。叶片半月形，边缘有多数棕色的丝毛状物；叶柄细长。茎顶常具花或小蒴果。气微，味甘。植物学信息 植物种属
The whole plant is slender, 5-25cm long. The tuber is spherical, with a diameter of 3-8mm; the surface is gray-black, rough, with concave stem scars visible at the apex; light in weight, powdery on the cross-section, yellow to brownish-yellow, with irregularly arranged vascular bundle spots. The stem is cylindrical, with a diameter of 0.5-1mm, black-brown on the surface, with longitudinal ridges, often hollow inside. The leaf blade is semi-circular, with numerous brownish silk-like structures on the edge; the petiole is slender. The top of the stem often bears flowers or small capsules. It has a mild aroma and a sweet taste. Botanical information about the plant species.

茅膏菜科茅膏菜属植物茅膏菜或光萼茅膏菜。形态特征
The family of Maogao Cai belongs to the Maogao Cai genus of plants, also known as Maogao Cai or Guang'e Maogao Cai. Its morphological characteristics include:

1、茅膏菜：多年生草本。直立或有时呈攀援状，高9-32cm，有紫红色汁液。鳞茎状球茎紫色，直径约6mm。基生叶密集成近一轮或最上几片着生于节间伸长的茎上；退化基生叶线状钻形，长约2mm；不退化基生叶圆形或扁圆形，花时枯凋；茎生叶互生，盾状，半月形或半圆形，长2-3mm，边缘或叶上面有多数头状腺毛，分泌粘液，形成露珠状。螺状聚伞花序生于枝顶和茎顶；苞片楔形或倒披针形，具花3-22朵；花等5-7，背面疏或密被长腺毛，边缘具长腺毛；花瓣5，楔形，白色、淡红色或红色，长于萼片并具有色纵纹；雄蕊5，雌蕊单一，子房上位，1室，花枝3-5。葫果长2-4mm，2-4室背开裂。种子细小，椭圆形，种皮脉纹加厚成蜂房格状。花、果期6-9月。2、光萼茅膏菜：本变种与前变种主要不同之处在于萼背无毛，稀基部具短腺毛；花白色，花柱2-4，稀5；果片2-4，稀5。分布区域

1. Equisetum ramosissimum: Perennial herb. Erect or sometimes climbing, 9-32cm tall, with purple-red juice. Bulbous rhizomes are purple, about 6mm in diameter. Basal leaves densely arranged in a nearly circular pattern or the uppermost few attached to elongated stems at the nodes; degenerate basal leaves are linear-lanceolate, about 2mm long; non-degenerate basal leaves are circular or elliptic, withering during flowering; stem leaves are alternate, shield-shaped, semicircular, or semicircular, 2-3mm long, with numerous capitate glandular hairs on the margins or upper surface of the leaves, secreting mucilage and forming dewdrop-like structures. Spiral umbels are borne at the ends of branches and stems; bracts are wedge-shaped or inverted-lanceolate, with 3-22 flowers; flowers are bisexual, 5-7, sparsely or densely covered with long glandular hairs on the back, and with long glandular hairs on the edges; petals are 5, wedge-shaped, white, pale pink, or red, longer than the sepals and with longitudinal color stripes; stamens are 5, pistil is solitary, ovary superior, 1-locular, with 3-5 flower branches. Capsules are 2-4mm long, 2-4 loculed, dehiscent on the back. Seeds are small, elliptical, with thickened veins forming a honeycomb pattern. Flowers and fruits from June to September.2. Equisetum ramosissimum var. debile: The main difference between this variety and the previous one is that the calyx is glabrous on the back, with short glandular hairs at the base; flowers are white, with 2-4, rarely 5, styles; fruit segments are 2-4, rarely 5. Distribution area: [not provided]

1、茅膏菜：分布于四川、贵州、云南和西藏。2、光萼茅膏菜：分布于江苏、浙江、安徽、福建、江西、湖北、湖南、广东、广西、海南、台湾等地。生长环境

1. Maogao Cai: Distributed in Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, and Tibet.2. Guang'e Maogao Cai: Distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, and other regions. Growing environment.

1、茅膏菜：生于海拔1200-3650m的山坡潮湿地的松林下、草丛中或溪沟边。2、光萼茅膏菜：生于山坡、溪边草丛、灌丛和疏林下。

1. Maogao Cai: Grows in the damp areas under pine forests, grasslands, or by streams at altitudes of 1200-3650 meters.2. Guang'e Maogao Cai: Grows on mountain slopes, in grasslands by streams, shrubs, and sparse forests.