垂丝海棠，中药名。为蔷薇科苹果属植物垂丝海棠 Malus halliana Koehne的花。具有调经和血的功效，主治血崩。
Chui-si-hai-tang, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It is the flower of Malus halliana Koehne, a plant in the Rosaceae family and the Malus genus. It has the functions of regulating menstruation and stopping bleeding, and is mainly used to treat menorrhagia.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

调经和血。
Regulating menstruation and promoting blood circulation.

主治 Indications

血崩。
Hemorrhage, especially menorrhagia.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，6-15g。
Internal use: Decoction, 6-15g.

禁忌 Contraindications

孕妇禁服。
Pregnant women are prohibited from taking this herb.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《民间常用草药汇编》：“调经和血，治红崩。”
"Compilation of Commonly Used Folk Herbs": "Regulates menstruation and blood, treats menorrhagia."

临床应用 Clinical Application

治红崩：垂丝海棠花9-15g。水煎或炖肉服。（《民间常用草药汇编》）
Treatment for menorrhagia: 9-15g of Weeping Crabapple flower. Decoct or stew with meat for oral administration. (From "Compilation of Commonly Used Folk Herbs")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：3-4月花盛开时采。晒干。
Harvest when the flowers are in full bloom during March to April. Wash and dry in the sun.

药材鉴别 Medicinal Material Identification

药材性状：花暗红色，下垂；萼筒紫红色，5裂，裂片卵形，边缘有毛，外表面无毛，内面密生白色绒毛。花瓣10余片，倒卵形，表面光滑无毛，内面疏生白色绒毛；雄蕊多数，花柱5，基部密生绒毛；花柄细长，紫色，长2-4cm，疏生绒毛。气微，味微苦、涩。
The medicinal material is characterized by dark red, drooping flowers; the calyx tube is purplish-red, 5-lobed, with ovate lobes that have hairy margins, glabrous outer surface, and densely white-tomentose inner surface. More than 10 petals, inverted-ovate, smooth and glabrous on the surface, sparsely white-hairy on the inside; numerous stamens, 5 styles, densely villous at the base; slender purple pedicel, 2–4 cm long, sparsely pubescent. Slight odor, slightly bitter and astringent taste.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：蔷薇科苹果属植物垂丝海棠。
Species: Malus halliana Koehne, belonging to the Rosaceae family, genus Malus.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

乔木，高达5m。树冠开展；小枝细弱，微弯曲，最初有毛不久脱落紫色或紫褐色。单叶互生；叶柄长5-25mm；托叶小，膜质，披针形，早落；叶片卵形或椭圆形至长椭卵形，长3.5-8cm，宽2.5-4.5cm，边缘有圆钝细锯齿，中脉有时具短柔毛，其余部分均无毛，上面深绿色，有光泽并常带紫晕。花两性；伞房花序，具花4-6朵；花梗细弱，长2-4cm，下垂，有稀疏柔毛，紫色；花粉红色，直径约3.5cm；萼筒外面无毛；萼裂片三角状卵形，内面密被绒毛；花瓣倒卵形，长约1.5cm，基部有短爪，常在5数以上；雄蕊20-25，花丝长短不齐，约等于花瓣之半；花柱4或5，较雄蕊为长，基部有长绒毛，顶花有时缺少雌蕊。果实梨形或倒卵形，直径6-8mm，略带紫色，成熟很迟，萼片脱落，果梗长2-5cm。花期3-4月，果期9-10月。
Deciduous tree, up to 5m tall. Crown spreading; young branches slender, slightly curved, initially hairy but soon glabrescent, purple or purplish-brown. Leaves alternate; petiole 5–25mm long; stipules small, membranous, lanceolate, caducous. Leaf blade ovate to elliptic or oblong-ovate, 3.5–8cm × 2.5–4.5cm, with rounded fine serrations, midvein sometimes with short soft hairs, otherwise glabrous, dark green and glossy above, often with a purplish tinge. Flowers bisexual; corymbose inflorescence with 4–6 flowers; pedicels slender, 2–4cm long, pendulous, sparsely pubescent, purple; corolla pink, about 3.5cm in diameter; hypanthium glabrous externally; sepals triangular-ovate, densely tomentose internally; petals inverted-ovate, ca. 1.5cm long, clawed at base, usually more than 5; stamens 20–25, filaments unequal, about half as long as petals; styles 4 or 5, longer than stamens, densely villous at base; terminal flower sometimes lacking pistil. Fruit pear-shaped or inversely ovate, 6–8mm in diameter, slightly purplish, maturing late, sepals deciduous, pedicel 2–5cm long. Flowering period: March–April; fruiting period: September–October.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于江苏、浙江、安徽、四川、云南、陕西等地。各地常见栽培。
Distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi and other regions. Commonly cultivated throughout these areas.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔50-1200m的山坡丛林中或山溪边。
Grows in mountain forests or along streamsides at altitudes of 50–1200 meters.