车前，中药名。为车前草科植物车前Plantago asiatica L.及平车前P.depressa Willd.的全株。具有利水，清热，明目，祛痰的功效。主治小便不通，淋浊，带下，尿血，黄疸，水肿，热肉，泄泻，鼻衄，目赤肿痛，喉痹乳蛾，咳嗽，皮肤溃疡。
Che-qian, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It refers to the whole plant of the herbaceous plants Plantago asiatica L. and P. depressa Willd. It has the functions of promoting diuresis, clearing heat, improving vision, and resolving phlegm. It is mainly used for treating urinary dysfunction, turbid urine, leukorrhea, hematuria, jaundice, edema, carbuncles, diarrhea, epistaxis, red and swollen eyes, sore throat, cough, and skin ulcers.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

利水，清热，明目，祛痰。主治
Promoting diuresis, clearing heat, improving vision, and resolving phlegm. Used to treat...

小便不通，淋浊，带下，尿血，黄疸，水肿，热肉，泄泻，鼻衄，目赤肿痛，喉痹乳蛾，咳嗽，皮肤溃疡。用法用量
Difficulty urinating, cloudy urine, abnormal vaginal discharge, blood in urine, jaundice, edema, hot sensation in the muscles, diarrhea, nosebleeds, red and swollen painful eyes, sore throat, cough, and skin ulcers. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，10-15g，鲜品15-30g；或捣汁服。外用：煎水洗、捣敷或绞汁涂。注意事项
Internal use: Decoction, 10-15g dried or 15-30g fresh; or pounded for juice. External use: Decoction for washing, pounded for application, or juice for smearing. Precautions.

《本经逢原》：“车前叶捣汁温服，疗火盛泄精甚验，若虚滑精气不固者禁用。”药理作用
"Ben Jing Feng Yuan": "Mash the leaves of Plantago asiatica and take the juice warm, it can treat excessive heat and leakage of essence effectively. However, it should be avoided for those with deficiency and slippery essence, and unstable qi." Pharmacological action

抗肿瘤作用：车前草提取物对艾氏癌及肉瘤-180有较弱的抑制作用。临床应用 相关配伍
Anti-tumor effect: Plantain extract has a weak inhibitory effect on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and Sarcoma-180. Clinical application and related compatibility.

1、治小便不通：（1）车前子草一斤，水三升，煎取一升半，分三服。（《肘后方》）（2）生车前草捣取自然汁半钟，入蜜一匙调下。（《摄生众妙方》）2、治尿血：（2）车前草捣绞，取汁五合，空腹服之。（《外台》）（2）车前草、地骨皮、旱莲草各三钱，汤炖服。（《闽东本草》）3、治白带：车前草根三钱捣烂，用糯米淘米水兑服。（《湖南药物志》）4、治热痢：车前草叶捣绞取汁一盅，入蜜一合，同煎一、二沸，分温二服。（《圣惠方》）5、治泄泻：车前草四钱，铁马鞭二钱，共捣烂，冲凉水服。（《湖南药物志》）6、治黄疸：白车前草五钱，观音螺一两，加酒一杯炖服。（《闽东本草》）7、治感冒：车前草、陈皮各适量，水煎服。（内蒙古《中草药新医疗法资料选编》）8、治衄血：车前叶生研，水解饮之。（《本草图经》）9、治高血压：车前草、鱼腥草各一两，水煎服。（《浙江民间常用草药》）10、治目赤肿痛：车前草自然汁，调朴硝末，卧时涂眼胞上，次早洗去。（《圣济总录》）11、治火眼：车前草根三钱，青鱼草、生石膏各二钱，水煎服。（《湖南药物志》）12、治喉痹乳蛾：虾蟆衣、凤尾草。擂烂，入霜梅肉、煮酒各少许，再研绞汁，以鹅翎刷患处。（《养疴漫笔》）13、治痄腮：车前草一两三钱，煎水服，温覆取汗。（《湖南药物志》）14、治百日咳：车前草三钱，水煎服。（《湖南药物志》）15、治痰嗽喘促，咳血：鲜车前草二两（炖），加冬蜜五钱或冰糖一两服。（《闽东本草》）16、治惊风：鲜车前根、野菊花根各二钱五分。水煎服。（《湖南药物志》）17、治小儿痫病：鲜车前草五两绞汁，加冬蜜五钱，开水冲服。（《闽东本草》）18、治湿气腰痛：虾蟆草连根七科，葱白须七科，枣七枚。煮酒一瓶，常服。（《简便单方》）19、治金疮血出不止：捣车前汁敷之。（《千金方》）20、治疮疡溃烂：鲜车前叶，以银针密刺细孔，以米汤或开水泡软，整叶敷贴疮上，日换二至三次。有排脓生肌作用。（《福建民间草药》）加工炮制 采收加工

1. Treatment for urinary retention: (1) Pound one jin of plantain seeds, add three liters of water, decoct until reduced to one and a half liters, divide into three doses. (From "Zhou Hou Fang") (2) Pound fresh plantain grass to extract half a cup of juice, mix with one spoon of honey and take it. (From "Various Wonderful Recipes for Health Preservation")2. Treatment for hematuria: (2) Pound and extract juice from plantain grass, take five liang on an empty stomach. (From "Wai Tai") (2) Three qian each of plantain grass, di gu pi, and han lian cao, decoct and take. (From "Min Dong Ben Cao")3. Treatment for leukorrhea: Pound three qian of plantain grass roots into a paste, mix with glutinous rice washing water and take. (From "Hunan Materia Medica")4. Treatment for dysentery with fever: Pound and extract juice from plantain grass leaves, add one cup of honey, decoct once or twice, and take in two warm doses. (From "Sheng Hui Fang")5. Treatment for diarrhea: Four qian of plantain grass, two qian of tie ma bian, pound together, and take with cold water. (From "Hunan Materia Medica")6. Treatment for jaundice: Five qian of white plantain grass, one liang of guan yin luo, stew with a cup of wine and take. (From "Min Dong Ben Cao")7. Treatment for cold: Take appropriate amounts of plantain grass and chen pi, decoct in water and take. (From "Selected Compilation of New Medical Treatment of Chinese Herbal Medicine in Inner Mongolia")8. Treatment for bleeding: Pound fresh plantain leaves, dissolve in water and drink. (From "Ben Cao Tu Jing")9. Treatment for hypertension: One liang each of plantain grass and yu xing cao, decoct in water and take. (From "Commonly Used Folk Herbs in Zhejiang")10. Treatment for red, swollen, and painful eyes: Use natural juice of plantain grass mixed with boric acid powder, apply on eyelids before bed, wash off the next morning. (From "Sheng Ji Zong Lu")11. Treatment for conjunctivitis: Pound three qian of plantain grass roots, two qian each of qing yu cao and sheng shi gao, decoct in water and take. (From "Hunan Materia Medica")12. Treatment for sore throat and aphthous ulcers: Pound xia ma yi and feng wei cao, add a little frost plum meat and boiled wine, then pound and strain the juice, brush the affected area with a goose feather. (From "Yang Ke Man Bi")13. Treatment for mumps: Three qian of plantain grass, decoct in water, cover to induce sweating. (From "Hunan Materia Medica")14. Treatment for whooping cough: Three qian of plantain grass, decoct in water and take. (From "Hunan Materia Medica")15. Treatment for phlegm, cough, asthma, and hemoptysis: Two liang of fresh plantain grass (stewed), add five qian of winter honey or one liang of rock sugar and take. (From "Min Dong Ben Cao")16. Treatment for convulsions: Two qian and five fen each of fresh plantain root and wild chrysanthemum root, decoct in water and take. (From "Hunan Materia Medica")17. Treatment for childhood epilepsy: Pound five liang of fresh plantain grass to extract juice, add five qian of winter honey, and drink with boiling water. (From "Min Dong Ben Cao")18. Treatment for lumbar pain due to dampness: Seven ke of xia ma cao roots, seven ke of cong bai xu, seven jujubes. Boil in a bottle of wine and take regularly. (From "Simple Prescriptions")19. Treatment for unstoppable bleeding from wounds: Apply pounded plantain juice. (From "Qian Jin Fang")20. Treatment for ulceration of sores: Use fresh plantain leaves, prick finely with silver needles, soak in rice soup or boiling water until soft, apply the whole leaf to the sore, change two to three times a day. It has the effect of promoting pus drainage and tissue regeneration. (From "Fujian Folk Herbal Medicine") Processing and preparation: Harvesting and processing.

夏季采收，去尽泥土，晒干。药材鉴别 药材性状
Harvest in summer, remove dirt, and sun-dry. Identify the medicinal herbs and their characteristics.

干燥的全株长10-17cm。根细小为须状。叶呈灰绿色而卷曲，叶片平展成广卵形或椭圆形，具纵脉5-7条，叶柄细长。花茎顶部有留存蒴果盖裂后的蒴瓣及宿萼，有时尚有未开放的花。气微，味苦而带粘液性。植物学信息 植物种属
The dried whole plant is 10-17cm long. The roots are fine and filamentous. The leaves are grayish-green and curled, with leaf blades flat and broadly ovate or elliptic, with 5-7 longitudinal veins, and slender leaf stalks. At the top of the flower stem, there are persistent sepals and calyx lobes after the capsule splits, sometimes with unopened flowers. It has a mild aroma, a bitter taste, and a slightly sticky texture. Botanical information about the plant species.

车前草科植物车前及平车前。形态特征
Plantago is a genus of plants in the Plantaginaceae family, including Plantago major and Plantago lanceolata.

1、车前：多年生草本，连花茎高达50cm，具须根。叶根生，具长柄，几与叶片等长或长于叶片，基部扩大；叶片卵形或椭圆形，长4-12cm，宽2-7cm，先端尖或钝，基部狭窄成长柄，全缘或呈不规则波状浅齿，通常有5-7条弧形脉。花茎数个，高12-50cm，具棱角，有疏毛；穗状花序为花茎的2/5-1／2；花淡绿色，每花有宿存苞片1枚，三角形；花萼4，基部稍合生，椭四形或卵圆形，宿存；花冠小，胶质，花冠管卵形，先端4裂，裂片三角形，向外反卷；雄蕊4，着生在花冠筒近基部处，与花冠裂片互生，花药长圆形，2室，先端有三角形突出物，花丝线形；雌蕊1，子房上位，卵圆形，2室（假4室），花柱1，线形，有毛。蒴果卵状圆锥形，成熟后约在下方2/5处周裂，下方2/5宿存。种子4-8枚或9枚，近椭圆形，黑褐色。花期6-9月。果期7-10月。2、平车前：多年生草本，具直根。叶全部为根生；具长柄，长为叶片1／3或更短，基部扩大；叶片长椭圆形或椭圆状披针形，长4-11cm，宽2-4cm。花茎高10-30cm；穗状花序长为花茎1/3-1／2；花冠裂片先端2浅裂；蒴果周裂。种子4-5。花期5-9月。果期6-10月。余与车前同。分布区域

1. Plantain: Perennial herb, with flower stems reaching up to 50cm in height, and with fibrous roots. The leaves are basal, with long petioles, often as long as or longer than the leaf blades, and enlarged at the base; leaf blades are ovate or elliptic, 4-12cm long, 2-7cm wide, with pointed or blunt tips, narrow at the base forming a petiole, with entire margins or irregularly shallowly toothed, usually with 5-7 curved veins. Several flower stems, 12-50cm tall, with edges and sparse hairs; spike-like inflorescence makes up 2/5-1/2 of the flower stem; flowers are pale green, each with a persistent bract, triangular; calyx with 4 slightly fused, oblong or oval lobes, persistent; corolla small, gelatinous, with an ovate tube, 4 lobes at the tip, triangular lobes curling outward; 4 stamens attached near the base of the corolla tube, alternating with the corolla lobes, anthers elongated oval, 2-loculed, with a triangular protrusion at the tip, filaments linear; 1 pistil, ovary superior, oval, 2-loculed (pseudo-4-loculed), style linear, hairy. Capsule ovoid-conical, splitting about 2/5 from the bottom when mature, with the lower 2/5 persistent. Seeds 4-8 or 9, nearly elliptical, blackish-brown. Flowering period from June to September. Fruiting period from July to October.2. Broadleaf Plantain: Perennial herb, with a taproot. All leaves are basal; with long petioles, one-third the length of the leaf blade or shorter, enlarged at the base; leaf blades are long elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, 4-11cm long, 2-4cm wide. Flower stems 10-30cm tall; spike-like inflorescence one-third to half the length of the flower stem; corolla lobes with 2 shallow clefts at the tip; capsule splitting around the circumference. Seeds 4-5. Flowering period from May to September. Fruiting period from June to October. Similar to Plantain in distribution area.

1、车前：分布于全国各地。各地均有出产，以江西、安徽、江苏产量较多。2、平车前：分布于黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、河北、山东、山西、陕西、甘肃、内蒙古、青海等地。生长环境

1. Plantain: Distributed throughout the country. It is produced in various regions, with higher yields in Jiangxi, Anhui, and Jiangsu.2. Broadleaf Plantain: Distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, and other regions. Growing environment.

1、车前：生长在山野、路旁、花圃、菜圃以及池塘、河边等地。2、平车前：生长在山野、路旁、田埂及河边。

1. Cheqian: It grows in the mountains, by the roadside, in flower gardens, vegetable gardens, ponds, riversides, and other places.2. Ping Cheqian: It grows in the mountains, by the roadside, on field ridges, and riversides.