净白鱼:净制白鱼
Jing-bai-yu: Bai-yu processed by cleaning.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

开胃消食，健脾行水。
Appetite enhancement, digestion promotion, spleen strengthening, and water metabolism regulation.

主治 Indications

食积不化，水肿。
Indigestion and edema.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煮食，100-250g。
Internal use: decoct and take orally, 100-250g.

禁忌 Contraindications

患疮疖者慎服。
Patients with ulcers and abscesses should be cautious when taking this medication.

化学成分 Chemical Composition

翘嘴红鲌：每100g可食部分含水分77g，蛋白质18.6g，脂肪4.6g，灰分1g；钙37mg，磷166mg，铁1.1mg，核黄素0.07mg，烟酸1.3mg。
Redfin croaker: every 100g of edible portion contains 77g of water, 18.6g of protein, 4.6g of fat, and 1g of ash; as well as 37mg of calcium, 166mg of phosphorus, 1.1mg of iron, 0.07mg of riboflavin, and 1.3mg of niacin.

相关论述 Relevant Discussions

《食疗本草》：“主肝家不足气，调五藏气，理经脉。助脾气，能消食，理十二经络舒展不相及气。”
"Dietary Therapy Materia Medica": "It governs the insufficiency of liver qi, regulates the qi of the five zang organs, and harmonizes the meridians. It assists the spleen qi, aids in digestion, regulates the twelve meridians to promote the smooth flow of qi."

《日华子》：“助血脉，补肝明目，灸疮不发，作脍食之良。”
"Ri Huazi": "It nourishes the blood vessels, nourishes the liver to improve vision, prevents the recurrence of sores, and is good for making minced meat dishes."

《开宝本草》：“主胃气，开胃下食，去水气，令人肥健。”
"Kaibao Materia Medica": "It governs stomach qi, stimulates the appetite, eliminates dampness, and promotes robustness and health."

《中国药用动物志》：“开胃健脾。主治胃气不舒，水肿。”
"Compendium of Chinese Medicinal Animals": "It stimulates the appetite and invigorates the spleen. It is used to treat discomfort in the stomach and edema."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、治浮肿：红鳍鲌250g，车前子15g。用鱼煮汤，再用鱼汤煎车前子。每日服2次，连服数日。

1. Treatment for edema: 250g of red-finned carp, 15g of plantain seeds. Cook the fish into soup, then use the fish soup to decoct the plantain seeds. Take twice daily for several days.

2、治产后抽筋：红鳍鲌1条，煮食，每日服2次，连服数日。（1、2方出自《常见药用动物》）
2. Treatment for postpartum muscle cramps: one red-finned carp, cooked and eaten, taken twice daily for several days. (Prescriptions 1 and 2 are from "Commonly Used Medicinal Animals")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：4-7月捕捉，鲜用。
The harvesting and processing: capture from April to July, for fresh use.

动物学信息 Zoological Information

动物属种：鲤科红鲌属动物翘嘴红鲌鱼及鲌属动物红鳍鲌。
Species: The fish Culter alburnus (Qiaozui redfin) of the genus Culter, Cyprinidae family, and Chanodichthys erythropterus (Redfin culter) of the genus Chanodichthys.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

1、翘嘴红鲌鱼：体延长而侧扁，头背面几乎平直，后部微隆起。体高与头长略相等，个体长200mm以下的，头长比体高为大，200mm以上的个体则相反。6冬龄鱼体长可达615-648mm，体重达2500-3500g。口上位，口裂伸至鼻孔前缘的垂直线下方。下咽齿3行，齿的顶端呈钩状。下颌肥厚，急剧突出而上翘。眼大，位于头的侧上方。鳃耙细长，外侧23-30，内侧24-31。背鳍3、7，有强大而光滑的硬刺。臀鳍3、21-24，基部较长。胸鳍末端接近腹鳍基部，腹鳍末端下达肛门。鳔3室。背部及体侧上部为灰褐色，腹部为银白色，各鳍灰色乃至灰黑色。

1. Qiaozui Redfin (Culter alburnus): Body elongated and laterally compressed; head back almost straight, slightly raised posteriorly. Body height approximately equal to head length; individuals under 200mm have a longer head than body height, while those over 200mm are the opposite. A six-year-old fish can reach 615–648mm in length and weigh 2500–3500g. Superior mouth, with cleft extending below the vertical line of the anterior nostril. Three rows of pharyngeal teeth with hooked tips. Thick lower jaw, sharply protruding and upturned. Large eyes located dorsolaterally. Gill rakers slender, 23–30 externally and 24–31 internally. Dorsal fin III,7 with strong, smooth spine. Anal fin III,21–24 with long base. Pectoral fins reaching near pelvic fin base; pelvic fins extending to anus. Swim bladder with three chambers. Back and upper sides grayish-brown, belly silvery white, fins gray to dark gray.

2、红鳍鲌：体稍长，侧扁，头后部明显突起似驼背状。腹部自胸鳍基至肛门有腹棱。头中等大，口上位，口裂几垂直，下颌突出而上翘。眼中等大，位于头侧上方。下咽齿3行，末端呈尖钩状。鳃耙25-29。鳞小。背鳍在腹鳍与臀鳍之间。尾鳍呈叉状。背部青灰色，侧面和腹部银白色，背鳍和尾鳍的上叶呈青灰色，腹鳍、臀鳍及尾鳍下叶呈橙红色。
2. Redfin Culter (Chanodichthys erythropterus): Body slightly elongated and laterally compressed, with a prominent hump-like bulge behind the head. Ventral keel present from pectoral fin base to anus. Head moderately large, superior mouth with nearly vertical cleft, lower jaw projecting and upturned. Eyes moderately sized, located dorsolaterally. Three rows of pharyngeal teeth with pointed, hook-like ends. Gill rakers 25–29. Scales small. Dorsal fin located between pelvic and anal fins. Caudal fin forked. Back bluish-gray, sides and belly silvery white, upper lobes of dorsal and caudal fins bluish-gray, lower lobes of pelvic, anal, and caudal fins orange-red.

分布区域 Distribution Area

1、翘嘴红鲌鱼：长江干流从金沙江到河口、黑龙江、黄河、辽河等干支流及其附属湖泊均有分布。

1. Qiaozui Redfin: Distributed in the main Yangtze River channel from Jinsha River to the estuary, as well as in tributaries and associated lakes of the Heilongjiang, Yellow River, and Liao River.

2、红鳍鲌：全国各大江河均有分布。
2. Redfin Culter: Found in major rivers throughout China.