芒萁，中药材名。本品为蕨类里白科芒萁属植物芒萁Dicranopterisdichotoma（Thunb.）Bernh.以全草或根状茎入药。四季可采，鲜用或晒干。功能主治为：清热利尿，化瘀，止血。用于鼻衄，肺热咳血，尿道炎，膀胱炎，小便不利，水肿，月经过多，血崩，白带；外用治创伤出血，跌打损伤，烧烫伤，骨折，蜈蚣咬伤。
Mang-qi, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. This product is the whole plant or rhizome of the plant Dicranopteris dichotoma (Thunb.) Bernh. of the family Gleicheniaceae. It can be harvested throughout the year and used fresh or dried. Its functions include clearing heat and promoting diuresis, resolving blood stasis, and stopping bleeding. It is used for epistaxis, hemoptysis due to lung heat, urethritis, cystitis, difficult urination, edema, excessive menstruation, menorrhagia, and leukorrhea. Externally, it is used to treat traumatic bleeding, bruises, burns, fractures, and centipede bites.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热利尿，化瘀，止血。
Clearing heat, promoting diuresis, resolving stasis, and stopping bleeding.

主治 Indications

用于鼻衄，肺热咳血，尿道炎，膀胱炎，小便不利，水肿，月经过多，血崩，白带；外用治创伤出血，跌打损伤，烧烫伤，骨折，蜈蚣咬伤。
This medicine is used for epistaxis, hemoptysis due to lung heat, urethritis, cystitis, difficult urination, edema, excessive menstruation, menorrhagia, and abnormal vaginal discharge. It can also be applied externally to treat traumatic bleeding, bruises, burns, scalds, fractures, and centipede bites.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：根状茎或茎心0.5～1两，全草1～2两；煎汤，水煎服。外用：全草（或根状茎或茎心）捣烂敷，或晒干研粉敷患处。
Internal use: Rhizome or stem heart 0.5–1 liang, whole herb 1–2 liang; decoction, boiled in water. External use: mash the whole herb (or rhizome or stem heart) and apply as a poultice, or dry and powder for topical application to affected areas.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

形态特征
The morphological characteristics include...

植株通常高45-90-（120）厘米。根状茎横走，粗约2毫米，密被暗锈色长毛。叶远生，柄长24-56厘米，粗1.5-2毫米，棕禾秆色，光滑，基部以上无毛；叶轴一至二（三）回二叉分枝，一回羽轴长约9厘米，被暗锈色毛，渐变光滑，有时顶芽萌发，生出的一回羽轴，长6.5-17.5厘米，二回羽轴长3-5厘米；腋芽小，卵形，密被锈黄色毛；芽苞长5-7毫米，卵形，边缘具不规则裂片或粗牙齿，偶为全缘；各回分叉处两侧均各有一对托叶状的羽片，平展，宽披针形，等大或不等，生于一回分叉处的长9.5-16.5厘米，宽3.5-5.2厘米，生于二回分叉处的较小，长4.4-11.5厘米，宽1.6-3.6厘米；末回羽片长16-23.5厘米，宽约4-5.5厘米，披针形或宽披针形，向顶端变狭，尾状，基部上侧变狭，篦齿状深裂几达羽轴；裂片平展，35-50对，线状披针形，长1.5-2.9厘米，宽3-4毫米，顶钝，常微凹，羽片基部上侧的数对极短，三角形或三角状长圆形，长4-10毫米，各裂片基部汇合，有尖狭的缺刻，全缘，具软骨质的狭边。侧脉两面隆起，明显，斜展，每组有3-4（5）条并行小脉，直达叶缘。叶为纸质，上面黄绿色或绿色，沿羽轴被锈色毛，后变无毛，下面灰白色，沿中脉及侧脉疏被锈色毛。孢子囊羣圆形，一列，着生于基部上侧或上下两侧小脉的弯弓处，由5-8个孢子囊组成。
The plant usually grows to a height of 45–90–(120) centimeters. The rhizome runs horizontally, about 2 millimeters thick, densely covered with dark rust-colored hairs. The leaves are distantly spaced, with petioles 24–56 centimeters long, 1.5–2 millimeters thick, brownish straw-colored, smooth, and hairless above the base; the leaf axis branches once or twice (three times), with the primary rachis about 9 centimeters long, covered with dark rust-colored hairs, gradually becoming smooth, sometimes with a terminal bud sprouting, producing a primary rachis 6.5–17.5 centimeters long, and a secondary rachis 3–5 centimeters long; the axillary buds are small, ovate, densely covered with rusty yellow hairs; the bud scales are 5–7 millimeters long, ovate, with irregularly serrated edges or coarse teeth, occasionally entire; at each branching point, there are a pair of leaf-like pinnules on both sides, spreading, broadly lanceolate, equal or unequal in size, those at the first branching point are 9.5–16.5 centimeters long and 3.5–5.2 centimeters wide, and those at the second branching point are smaller, 4.4–11.5 centimeters long and 1.6–3.6 centimeters wide; the terminal pinnules are 16–23.5 centimeters long, about 4–5.5 centimeters wide, lanceolate or broadly lanceolate, tapering towards the apex, tail-like, with the upper side narrowing at the base, deeply lobed almost reaching the rachis; the lobes are spreading, 35–50 pairs, linear-lanceolate, 1.5–2.9 centimeters long, 3–4 millimeters wide, blunt at the tip, often slightly concave, with several pairs of very short, triangular or oblong-triangular lobes on the upper side at the base of each lobe, converging at the base of the lobes, with pointed notches, entire margins, and cartilaginous narrow edges. The lateral veins are prominent, raised on both sides, obliquely spreading, with 3–4 (5) parallel minor veins in each group, extending straight to the leaf margin. The leaves are papery, yellow-green or green on the upper surface, rust-colored hairs along the rachis, later becoming hairless, and grayish-white on the lower surface, sparsely covered with rust-colored hairs along the midrib and lateral veins. The sori are circular, in a single row, borne at the bend of the upper side or on both sides of the minor veins, consisting of 5–8 sporangia.

分布区域 Distribution Area

产江苏南部、浙江、江西、安徽、湖北、湖南、贵州、四川、西康、福建、台湾、广东、香港、广西、云南。日本、印度、越南都有分布。
It is distributed in southern Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Xikang, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Hong Kong, Guangxi, and Yunnan in China. It is also found in Japan, India, and Vietnam.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生强酸性土的荒坡或林缘，在森林砍伐后或放荒后的坡地上常成优势的中草羣落。喜酸性土壤，生于林、果园、茶园、路埂。
Grows on barren slopes or forest edges with strongly acidic soil, often forming dominant herb communities on slopes after deforestation or abandonment. Prefers acidic soil and grows in forests, orchards, tea gardens, and road embankments.

繁殖方式 Method of Propagation

常以孢子繁殖。
Reproduction is commonly achieved through spore propagation.

栽培技术 Cultivation Techniques

于春季新叶抽生前将带有2～3片老叶的根茎切断，栽植后，另成新株。穴内施以基肥，栽后充分浇水。待抽生新叶后，任其生长。
In spring, before new leaves emerge, cut the rhizome bearing 2–3 old leaves and plant it to form a new plant. Apply base fertilizer into the planting hole and water thoroughly after planting. Allow free growth once new leaves appear.

病虫防治 Disease and Pest Control

以分株为主。
The main method of disease and pest control is division propagation.