一味药，中药名。为为豆科植物马棘Indigofera pseudotinctoria Matsum.的全草。具有消食化滞、温肺止咳、解毒疗疮、利水消肿的功效。主治小儿食积饱胀，食停，感寒咳嗽，瘰疬、痔疮、烂脚，水肿。
Yi-wei-yao, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It refers to the whole plant of Indigofera pseudotinctoria Matsum., a leguminous plant. It has the functions of promoting digestion, relieving cough and warming the lungs, detoxifying and treating sores, and diuretic and reducing swelling. It is mainly used for pediatric food accumulation and distention, food stagnation, cold-induced cough, scrofula, hemorrhoids, ulcerated feet, and edema.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

消食化滞、温肺止咳、解毒疗疮、利水消肿。
Promoting digestion, resolving food stagnation, warming the lungs to stop coughing, detoxifying and treating sores, and promoting diuresis to reduce swelling.

主治 Indications

小儿食积饱胀，食停，感寒咳嗽；瘰疬、痔疮、烂脚，水肿。
Childhood food stagnation causing fullness and distention, loss of appetite, cold-induced cough; scrofula, hemorrhoids, ulcerated feet, and edema.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，9-30g；或炖肉服。
Internal use: Decoction, 9-30g; or stewed with meat.

相关论述 Relevant Discussions

《民间常用草药汇编》：利水，消胀。
"Compilation of Commonly Used Folk Herbs": Promotes diuresis and reduces swelling.

《四川中药志》：治痒子，小儿食积饱胀，寒凉咳嗽，食停及痔疮。
"Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine Records": Treats itching, childhood food stagnation and fullness, cold-induced cough, food retention, and hemorrhoids.

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、治痒子初起，结核硬块：一味药、马桑根、何首乌，炖猪肉服。（《四川中药志》）

1. For early-stage itching with hard nodules: Use Ma Ji, Morus root, and Polygonum multiflorum, stewed with pork. ("Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine Records")

2、治小儿食积饱胀：一味药、刮经板、石竹根、鱼鳅串、萝卜子，熬水服。（《四川中药志》）
2. For childhood food stagnation and bloating: Use Ma Ji, Guajingban, Dianthus root, Houttuynia cordata, and radish seeds, decocted in water. ("Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine Records")

3、治烂脚：马棘全草晒干，烧灰，用青油调敷。（《浙江民间常用草药》）
3. For ulcerated feet: Dry the whole plant of Ma Ji, burn to ash, and apply mixed with green oil. ("Commonly Used Folk Herbs in Zhejiang")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：9-10月采收。
Harvesting: Collected in September to October.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：豆科木蓝属植物马棘。
Species: Indigofera pseudotinctoria Matsuda, a plant of the Fabaceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

小灌木，高60-90cm。茎多分枝，枝条有丁字毛。单数羽状复叶，互生，长5-6cm；小叶7-11片，倒卵形或长圆形，长1-2.5cm，宽5-14mm，先端有凹陷，全缘，基部阔楔形，上面暗绿色，下面淡绿色，两面被平贴的丁字毛。
Small shrub, 60–90 cm tall. Stem highly branched with cross-shaped hairs on branches. Odd-pinnate compound leaves alternate, 5–6 cm long; 7–11 leaflets, obovate or oblong, 1–2.5 cm long, 5–14 mm wide, apex slightly notched, entire margins, broadly wedge-shaped base, dark green upper surface, pale green lower surface, both sides covered with appressed T-shaped hairs.

总状花序，腋生，长4-6cm，苞片脱落；萼小，斜形，绿色，具毛，5齿裂，不整齐；花冠蝶形，5瓣，红紫色或白色，旗瓣倒卵圆形，翼瓣卵圆形，微与龙骨瓣相连，龙骨瓣直立无嘴，基部两侧各具短距；雄蕊10，2体；雌蕊单1，子房上位，扁长形，无毛，1室，胚珠4-5枚，柱头多呈画笔状。
Raceme inflorescence, axillary, 4–6 cm long, bracts deciduous; calyx small, oblique, green, hairy, 5-toothed, irregular; corolla papilionaceous, 5 petals, purplish-red or white; standard petal inverted ovate, wing petals ovate, slightly fused to keel petals; keel petal upright, beakless, with short spurs at base on both sides; stamens 10, diadelphous (9+1); single pistil, superior ovary, flattened and elongated, glabrous, unilocular, 4–5 ovules, stigma often brush-like.

荚果圆柱形，褐色，有种子数粒。花期5月。果期8月。
The fruit is a cylindrical brown pod containing several seeds. Flowering period: May. Fruiting period: August.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于山西、湖南、湖北、江西、安徽、江苏、浙江、广东、广西、云南、贵州，四川等地。
Distributed in Shanxi, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生长于山坡竹林下。
Grows under bamboo forests on hillsides.