金鱼藻，中药材名。为金鱼藻科植物金鱼藻Ceratophyllum demersum L.的全草。具有凉血，利尿的功效。主治血热吐血，咳血，热淋涩痛。
Jin-yu-zao, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Ceratophyllum demersum L.) is the whole plant of the Ceratophyllum demersum L., a plant of the Ceratophyllum family. It has the effects of cooling blood and promoting diuresis. It is mainly used to treat blood heat with bleeding, coughing up blood, and painful urination with heat.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

凉血，利尿。主治
Cooling the blood and promoting diuresis. Used to treat

血热吐血，咳血，热淋涩痛。用法用量
Hematemesis due to blood heat, coughing up blood, and painful, hot, and difficult urination. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，3-6g；或入散剂。注意事项
Internal administration: decoction, 3-6g; or in powder form. Please pay attention to the following precautions.

虚寒性出血，以及大便溏泄者禁服。化学成分
Cold and bleeding constitution, as well as loose stools, should avoid taking this medication. Chemical composition.

金鱼藻含质体蓝素及铁氧化还原蛋白，前者为含铜蛋白质，而后者为含铁蛋白质。药理作用
Water caltrop contains plastocyanin and iron oxidation-reduction protein, the former being a copper-containing protein, and the latter being an iron-containing protein. Pharmacological effects.

小鼠实验表明，本品能降低血清胆甾醇，作用强于海带，醚提物的作用，不及醚处理后的残渣。相关论述
The mouse experiments show that this product can reduce serum phytosterol levels, with a stronger effect than seaweed and ether extract, but not as strong as the residue after ether treatment. Relevant discussions are as follows.

1、《四川中药志》：1960年版：治内伤出血。2、《福建药物志》：凉血止血清热利尿。主治吐血，咳血，淋病，咳嗽，大便秘结。临床应用 相关配伍

1. "Sichuan Materia Medica": 1960 edition: Used for treating internal injuries causing bleeding.2. "Fujian Materia Medica": Clears heat, cools blood, stops bleeding, promotes urination. Mainly used for treating vomiting blood, coughing up blood, gonorrhea, cough, and constipation. Clinical applications and related compatibility.

1、治内伤吐血：（1）细草、仙桃草、见血清各等分。烘干打粉，每服9g，童便送服。（《重庆草药》）（2）金鱼藻、龙牙菜等量。为末，用童便下，每服9g.（江西药科学校《草药手册》）2、治慢性气管炎：金鱼藻从水中捞出以后，立即洗净，阴干或烘干。可制成散剂、水丸或蜜丸，每次服1.5-2g，每日2-3次。用量过大，有口干、腹泻等副作用，减量以后会自行缓解，不必治疗。（《全国中草药汇编》）加工炮制 采收加工

1. Treatment of internal injury with hematemesis: (1) Equal parts of Xicao, Xiantao grass, and Jianxueqing. Dry and grind into powder, take 9g per dose, administer to children with honey. (From "Chongqing Herbal Medicine") (2) Equal amounts of Jinyuzao and Longyacai. Grind into powder, take 9g per dose with honey. (From "Herbal Manual of Jiangxi School of Pharmacy")2. Treatment of chronic bronchitis: After fishing Jinyuzao out of the water, wash it immediately and dry it in the shade or with heat. It can be made into powder, water pills, or honey pills, taken at 1.5-2g per dose, 2-3 times a day. Excessive dosage may cause side effects such as dry mouth and diarrhea, which will resolve on their own after reducing the dosage, without the need for treatment. (From "National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicine") Processing and preparation: Harvesting and processing.

7-10月采收，晒干。药材鉴别 药材性状
Harvest from July to October and dry in the sun. Identification of medicinal materials and their characteristics.

全草呈不规则丝团状，全体绿褐色，茎细柔，长短不一，长达60cm，具分枝。叶轮生，每轮6-8叶，叶片常破碎，一至二回二歧分叉，裂片线条形，边缘仅一侧具刺状小齿。有时可见暗红色小花，腋生，总苞片钻状。小坚果宽椭圆形，平滑，边缘无翅，有3长刺。植物学信息 植物种属
The whole plant appears as irregular tufts, all greenish-brown in color, with slender and soft stems of varying lengths up to 60cm, and branching. The leaves are whorled, with 6-8 leaves in each whorl, often fragmented, once or twice dichotomously divided, with linear lobes, and prickly teeth on only one side of the margin. Sometimes dark red flowers can be seen, axillary, with lanceolate bracts. The small achene is broadly elliptical, smooth, without wings on the edges, and has 3 long spines. Botanical information on plant species.

金鱼藻科金鱼藻属植物金鱼藻。形态特征
The plant species of the Ranunculaceae family and genus Ranunculus is the water buttercup. It has distinctive morphological characteristics.

金鱼藻多年生沉水草本，全株暗绿色。茎细柔，长20-60cm，有分枝。叶轮生，每轮6-8叶；无柄；叶片长5-25mm，2歧或细裂，裂片线状，长1.5-2.5cm，具刺状小齿。花小，单性，雌雄同株或异株，腋生，无花被；总苞片8-12，钻状；雄花具多数雄蕊；雌花具雌蕊1枚，子房长卵形，上位，1室；花柱呈钻形。小坚果，卵圆形，光滑，长4-6mm。花柱宿存，基部具刺。花期6-7月，果期8-10月。分布区域
Vallisneria spiralis is a perennial submerged aquatic herb with the whole plant being dark green. The stem is slender and flexible, 20-60cm long, with branching. The leaves are in rosettes, with 6-8 leaves in each rosette; they are sessile, 5-25mm long, 2-forked or finely divided, with linear lobes, 1.5-2.5cm long, and prickly teeth. The flowers are small, unisexual, with both male and female flowers on the same plant or on different plants, axillary, without a perianth; the bracts are 8-12, lanceolate; male flowers have numerous stamens; female flowers have a single pistil, with an elongated ovary, superior, and 1-celled; the style is lanceolate. The small nut is oval, smooth, 4-6mm long. The persistent style has prickles at the base. The flowering period is from June to July, and the fruiting period is from August to October. Distribution area: [missing information].

全国大部分地区均有分布。生长环境
Distributed in most parts of the country. Growing environment.

生于海拔2700m以下的淡水池沼、湖泊及河沟中，常生于1-3m深的水域中，形成密集的水下群落。生长见习
It is born in freshwater ponds, lakes, and streams below 2700m above sea level, often growing in water depths of 1-3m, forming dense underwater communities.

为水生草本植物，生命力较强，适温性较广，在水温低至4℃时也能生长良好。我国华北、华东、华中及西南温暖地区的天然水域中均有分布，也可养殖于鱼缸中供人观赏。繁殖方式
Water hyacinth is an aquatic herbaceous plant with strong vitality and a wide range of temperature adaptability. It can grow well even when the water temperature is as low as 4°C. It is distributed in natural water bodies in warm regions of North China, East China, Central China, and Southwest China, and can also be cultivated in fish tanks for ornamental purposes. It reproduces by

用营养体分割繁殖。栽培技术
Reproduction by nutrient body segmentation. Cultivation techniques.

采到金鱼藻后切断部分枝叶投入水中或埋入沙中3-5cm，枝叶会很快生根，逐渐生长分枝。病虫防治
After harvesting the hornwort, cut off some branches and leaves and put them into water or bury them in sand 3-5cm deep. The branches and leaves will quickly take root and gradually grow new branches. This method can help prevent and control diseases and pests.

金鱼藻在水温较高时生长较快，水温低时，生长放慢或停止。栽种过程中通常不施肥，鱼类的排泄物和呼出的二氧化碳就可作肥料。当水草上附着藻类时，通常用硫酸铜溶液处理，水中7.0×10^-7（0.7ppm）浓度的硫酸铜便可有效地杀灭藻类而对金鱼藻生长没有影响。
Spirogyra grows faster in higher water temperatures, and slows down or stops growing in lower temperatures. During the cultivation process, fertilizers are usually not applied, as the excrement of fish and the exhaled carbon dioxide can serve as nutrients. When algae attach to the water plants, they are typically treated with a solution of copper sulfate. A concentration of 7.0×10^-7 (0.7ppm) copper sulfate in the water can effectively kill the algae without affecting the growth of Spirogyra.