龙葵，中药名。为茄科茄属植物龙葵Solanum nigrum L.的全草。具有清热解毒，活血消肿的功效。主治疔疮，痈肿，丹毒，跌打扭伤，咳嗽，水肿。
Long-kui, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Solanum nigrum L.), the whole herb of the plant belonging to the Solanum genus of the Solanaceae family, has the effects of clearing heat, detoxifying, promoting blood circulation, and reducing swelling. It is mainly used to treat furuncles, carbuncles, erysipelas, bruises, sprains, coughs, and edema.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy, function.

清热解毒，活血消肿。主治
Clearing heat and detoxifying, promoting blood circulation and reducing swelling. Mainly used for治疗。

疔疮，痈肿，丹毒，跌打扭伤，咳嗽，水肿。用法用量
Boils, abscesses, erysipelas, bruises, cough, edema. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，15-30g。外用：捣敷或煎水洗。化学成分
Internal use: Decoction, 15-30g. External use: Crush for poultice or decoct for washing. Chemical components.

1、龙葵地上部分含生物碱类：澳洲茄碱，澳洲茄边碱，β-澳洲茄边碱。2、橙色果实中含α-胡萝卜素，果实中还含有植物凝集素，又含生物碱类：澳洲茄胺，N-甲基澳洲茄胺，乙酰胆碱等，皂苷类：去半乳糖替告皂苷，替告皂苷元四糖苷SN-4。3、全草另含甾体皂苷：龙葵素I和II，还含：α-澳洲茄边碱，去半乳糖替告皂苷等。4、种子油中含有胆甾醇。5、根茎含龙葵皂苷A，B，龙葵螺苷A、B。6、叶中含黄酮苷类：槲皮素-3-龙胆二糖苷，槲皮素-3-半乳糖苷，槲皮素-3-葡萄糖苷等。7、还含有水溶性多糖SNL-1，SNL-2、SNL-3、SNL-4，23-O-乙酰基-12β-羟基澳洲茄胺。药理作用

1. The above-ground part of Datura metel contains alkaloids such as atropine, scopolamine, and hyoscyamine.2. The orange fruit contains α-carotene, plant lectins, alkaloids such as hyoscyamine, N-methylhyoscyamine, acetylcholine, saponins such as solanine and solanine tetraglycoside SN-4.3. The whole plant also contains steroidal saponins: meteloidin I and II, as well as α-hyoscyamine, solanine, etc.4. The seed oil contains sitosterol.5. The rhizome contains Datura saponins A, B, and Datura lactone A, B.6. The leaves contain flavonoid glycosides such as luteolin-3-glucoside, luteolin-3-galactoside, luteolin-3-glucoside, etc.7. It also contains water-soluble polysaccharides SNL-1, SNL-2, SNL-3, SNL-4, and 23-O-acetyl-12β-hydroxyhyoscyamine. Pharmacological effects.

具有降压、抗炎、抗氧化作用，对血糖会造成影响，还有镇咳、祛痰作用，亦有报告龙葵有阿托品样作用。毒理作用
It has hypotensive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, which can affect blood sugar levels. It also has antitussive and expectorant effects, and there are reports that Datura metel has an atropine-like effect. Toxic effects are also present.

龙葵煎剂给小鼠1次腹腔注射的LD50为56.8±0.02g/kg，口服的LD50为144.2±0.02g/kg。给大鼠喂饲含32%龙葵种子的头3d内，可见大鼠体重增加减慢，进食减少。澳洲茄碱作用类似茄碱亦能溶血，毒性较大。相关论述
The LD50 of the decoction of Datura metel given to mice by intraperitoneal injection is 56.8±0.02g/kg, and by oral administration is 144.2±0.02g/kg. When rats are fed with feed containing 32% Datura metel seeds for the first 3 days, their weight gain slows down and their food intake decreases. Australian solanine has a similar effect to solanine and can also cause hemolysis with greater toxicity.

1、《药性论》：“能明目轻身。”2、《新修本草》：“食之解劳少睡，去虚热肿。”3、《食疗本草》：“主丁肿，患火丹疮，和土杵，敷之。”4、《本草图经》：“叶：入醋细研，治小儿火焰丹，消赤肿。”5、《救荒本草》：“敷贴肿毒、金疮，拔毒。”6、《滇南本草》：“治小儿风热，攻疮毒，洗疥癞痒痛，祛皮肤风热。”7、《现代实用中药》：“利尿消炎。”8、《浙江药用植物志》：“清热解毒，平喘，止痒。主治疔疮肿毒，皮疹瘙痒，急性盆腔炎，慢性气管炎。”临床应用 相关配伍

1. "Pharmacological Properties: Clear vision and light body."2. "Newly Revised Materia Medica: Eating it relieves fatigue and promotes sleep, eliminates deficiency heat and swelling."3. "Dietary Materia Medica: Used for treating swelling, fire carbuncle, mixed with earth and pounded, applied externally."4. "Illustrated Classic of Materia Medica: Leaves: Ground finely with vinegar, used to treat children's fiery carbuncles, reduce red swelling."5. "Emergency Materia Medica: Applied to swollen toxins, gold sores, to draw out toxins."6. "Yunnan Materia Medica: Used to treat children's wind-heat, counteract ulcer toxins, wash scabies, relieve itching and pain, dispel skin wind-heat."7. "Modern Practical Chinese Medicine: Diuretic and anti-inflammatory."8. "Zhejiang Medicinal Plants: Clears heat, detoxifies, relieves asthma, stops itching. Used for treating carbuncle swelling, skin rashes, itching, acute pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic bronchitis." Clinical applications and related compatibility.

1、治疔肿：老鸦眼睛草，擂碎，酒服。（《普济方》）2、治一切发背痈疽恶疮：用虾蟆一个，同老鸦眼睛藤叶捣敷。（《纲目》引《袖珍方》）3、治天疱湿疮：龙葵苗叶捣敷之。（《纲目》）4、治毒蛇咬伤：龙葵、六月雪鲜叶各30g，捣烂取汁内服，药渣外敷，连用2d。（《全国中草药汇编》）5、治跌打扭筋肿痛：鲜龙葵叶1握，连须葱白7个。切碎，加酒酿糟适量，同捣烂敷患处，每日换1-2次。（《江西民间草药》）6、治急性肾炎，浮肿，小便少：鲜龙葵、鲜芫花各15g，木通6g。水煎服。（《河北中药手册》）7、治吐血不止：人参一分，天茄子苗半两。上二味，捣罗为散。每服二钱匕，新水调下，不拘时。（《圣济总录》人参散）8、治白细胞减少症：龙葵茎叶、女贞子各60g，煎服。（《安徽中草药》）9、治痢疾：龙葵叶24-30g（鲜者用加倍量），白糖24g。水煎服。（《江西民间草药》）10、治癌症胸腹水：鲜龙葵500g（或干品120g）。水煎服，每日1剂。（《全国中草药汇编》）加工炮制 采收加工

1. Treatment for carbuncle swelling: Crush the herb Old Crow's Eyes, mix with alcohol and take orally. (From "Puji Fang")2. Treatment for all kinds of carbuncles, boils, and malignant sores: Use one toad, crush it with the herb Old Crow's Eyes and apply externally. (From "Gangmu" cited in "Xiaozhen Fang")3. Treatment for eczema and wet sores: Crush and apply the leaves of Dragon's Thorn herb. (From "Gangmu")4. Treatment for snake bites: Take 30g each of fresh leaves of Dragon's Thorn and Snow in June, crush them to extract juice for internal consumption, and apply the residue externally. Repeat for 2 days. (From "Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines")5. Treatment for bruises, sprains, swelling, and pain: Take a handful of fresh Dragon's Thorn leaves and 7 scallion roots, chop them finely, add an appropriate amount of wine and ferment, then apply the paste to the affected area. Change 1-2 times daily. (From "Folk Herbal Medicine in Jiangxi")6. Treatment for acute nephritis, edema, and oliguria: Take 15g each of fresh Dragon's Thorn and fresh Chrysanthemum, and 6g of Aristolochia, decoct in water and take orally. (From "Hebei Herbal Manual")7. Treatment for unstoppable hematemesis: Take one part of ginseng and half a liang of Solanum melongena seedlings, grind them into powder. Take two qian (about 6 grams) of the powder with fresh water, regardless of time. (From "Shengji Zonglu" Ginseng Powder)8. Treatment for leukopenia: Take 60g each of Dragon's Thorn stem and leaves, and Ligustrum lucidum seeds, decoct and take orally. (From "Anhui Herbal Medicine")9. Treatment for dysentery: Take 24-30g of Dragon's Thorn leaves (double the amount for fresh leaves) and 24g of white sugar, decoct in water and take orally. (From "Folk Herbal Medicine in Jiangxi")10. Treatment for cancerous ascites in the chest and abdomen: Take 500g of fresh Dragon's Thorn (or 120g of dried herb), decoct in water and take one dose daily. (From "Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines")

8-10月采收，鲜用或晒干。药材鉴别 药材性状
Harvest from August to October, use fresh or sun-dried. Identification of medicinal materials, characteristics of medicinal materials.

茎圆柱形，多分枝，长30-70cm，直径2-10mm，表面黄绿色，具纵皱纹。质硬而脆，断面黄白色，中空。叶皱缩或破碎，完整者呈卵形或椭圆形，先端锐尖或钝，全缘或有不规则波状锯齿，暗绿色，两面光滑或疏被短柔毛；叶柄长0.3-2.2cm。花、果少见，聚伞花序蝎尾状，腋外生，花4-6朵，花萼棕褐色，花冠棕黄色。浆果球形，黑色或绿色，皱缩。种子多数，棕色。气微，味淡。植物学信息 植物种属
The stem is cylindrical, often branched, 30-70cm long, 2-10mm in diameter, yellow-green in color with longitudinal wrinkles. It is hard and brittle, with a yellow-white hollow cross-section. The leaves are wrinkled or broken, oval or elliptical when intact, with a sharp or blunt apex, entire or irregularly serrated margins, dark green, smooth or sparsely covered with short soft hairs on both sides; petioles are 0.3-2.2cm long. Flowers and fruits are rare, with umbel inflorescences in a scorpion tail shape, axillary, with 4-6 flowers, brownish sepals, and brown-yellow corollas. The berries are spherical, black or green, wrinkled. Seeds are numerous and brown. It has a slight odor and a mild taste. Botanical information about the plant species.

茄科茄属植物龙葵。形态特征
Solanum nigrum, a plant in the Solanaceae family. Morphological characteristics.

一年生草本，高为25-100cm，茎直立，有棱角，近无毛。叶互生；叶柄长1-2cm；叶片卵形，先端短尖，基部楔形或宽楔形并下延至叶柄，通常长2.5-10cm，宽1.5-5.5cm，全缘或具不规则波状粗锯齿，光滑或两面均被稀疏短柔毛。蝎尾状聚伞花序腋外生，由3-6（-10）朵花组成；花梗长1-2.5cm；花萼小，浅杯状，外疏被细毛，5浅裂；花冠白色，辐状，5深裂，裂片卵圆形，长约2mm；雄蕊5，着生花冠筒口，花丝分离，花药黄色，顶孔向内；雌蕊1，球形，子房2室，花柱下半部密生白色柔毛，柱头圆形。浆果球形，有光泽，直径约8mm，成熟时黑色；种子多数扁圆形。花、果期9-10月。分布区域
It is an annual herbaceous plant, growing up to 25-100cm tall, with an erect stem that is angular and nearly hairless. The leaves are opposite; petioles are 1-2cm long; leaf blades are ovate, with a short pointed tip, a wedge-shaped or broadly wedge-shaped base extending down to the petiole, usually 2.5-10cm long and 1.5-5.5cm wide, with entire margins or irregularly wavy coarse serrations, smooth or sparsely short-hairy on both sides. The scorpioid cymes are axillary, consisting of 3-6 (-10) flowers; pedicels are 1-2.5cm long; calyx is small, shallow cup-shaped, sparsely covered with fine hairs, with 5 shallow lobes; corolla is white, rotate, with 5 deep lobes, ovate, about 2mm long; stamens are 5, attached at the mouth of the corolla tube, filaments separate, anthers yellow, with inward-facing pores; pistil is 1, globose, ovary 2-locular, lower half of the style densely covered with white soft hairs, stigma rounded. The berry is globose, shiny, about 8mm in diameter, turning black when ripe; seeds are mostly flattened and round. Flowering and fruiting period is in September to October. Distribution area.

全国均有分布。生长环境
Distributed nationwide. Growing environment.

生于田边、路旁或荒地。生长见习
Born in fields, by the roadside, or in wastelands. It grows easily.

喜温暖湿润的气候。对土壤要求不严，以比较肥沃而排水良好的砂质壤土较好。繁殖方式
Prefers a warm and humid climate. It does not have strict requirements for soil, but prefers relatively fertile and well-drained sandy loam soil. Reproduction methods.

用种子繁殖。栽培技术
Propagation by seeds. Cultivation techniques.

9-10月，采摘成熟果实，堆放在阴湿处，让果皮自然沤烂，至第二年春季取出，搓去果皮，洗净。4月播种。翻挖土地，敲细整平，开1.3m宽的畦，按行株距33cm×33cm开穴，深约3cm，施入人畜粪水，与草木灰及人畜粪水拌匀撒播穴里，盖草木灰一把。浇透水。
In September and October, pick the ripe fruits, pile them up in a damp place, let the fruit skins naturally ferment until the following spring, then remove them, rub off the skins, and wash them clean. In April, sow the seeds. Turn over the soil, finely break it up, and level it. Create ridges that are 1.3 meters wide, dig holes at a spacing of 33cm x 33cm between rows, about 3cm deep. Apply human and animal manure water to the holes, mix well with grass and wood ash and human and animal manure water, sprinkle evenly in the holes, and cover with a handful of grass and wood ash. Water thoroughly.