草血竭，中药名。为蓼科蓼属植物草血竭Polygonum paleaceum Wall.的根茎。具有散瘀止血，下气消积解毒，利湿的功效。主治癥瘕积聚、跌打损伤，外伤出血，吐血，咯血，衄血，经闭，崩漏，慢性胃炎，胃、十二指肠溃疡，食积停滞，痢疾，肠炎，水肿，疮毒，蛇咬伤，烫火伤。
Cao-xue-jie, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It refers to the rhizome of Polygonum paleaceum Wall., a plant in the family Polygonaceae. It has the functions of promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, relieving qi stagnation, resolving toxins, and promoting diuresis. It is mainly used for treating accumulations and masses, traumatic injuries, external bleeding, vomiting blood, hemoptysis, epistaxis, amenorrhea, menorrhagia, chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, food stagnation, dysentery, enteritis, edema, carbuncles, snake bites, and burns.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

散瘀止血，下气消积解毒，利湿。主治
Promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, relieving stagnation and detoxification, and resolving dampness. Used to treat...

癥瘕积聚跌打损伤，外伤出血，吐血，咯血，衄血，经闭，崩漏，慢性胃炎，胃、十二指肠溃疡，食积停滞，痢疾，肠炎，水肿，疮毒，蛇咬伤，烫火伤。用法用量
Accumulation of pathogenic factors, bruises, sprains, external bleeding, vomiting blood, coughing up blood, nosebleeds, menstrual disorders, chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, food stagnation, dysentery, enteritis, edema, sores, snake bites, and burns. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，10-15g；研末，1.5-3g，或浸酒。外用：研末调敷。化学成分
Internal use: decoction, 10-15g; powder, 1.5-3g, or soaked in alcohol. External use: powder for topical application. Chemical components.

草血竭根茎含混合性鞣质。药理作用
The herb "Cao Xue Jie" contains a mixture of tannins in its roots and stems. Its pharmacological effects include...

1、抗炎镇痛作用：草血竭乙醇提取物对二甲苯致小鼠耳肿和角叉菜胶致小鼠足肿均有抑制作用，热板法试验有镇痛作用，其抗炎机制与清除氧自由基、抗脂质过氧化、稳定溶酶体膜和减少炎性细胞因子如Ⅱ1B和TNFa的生成有关。2、抗肿瘤作用：草血竭在体内外均有抗肿瘤作用，草血竭体外抑制K562和HL-60的IC50为26.2-36.7mg/L、1.6g/kg，对S180和Hep抑制率分别为47.3%和52.9%。3、对胃肠功能的影响：草血竭提取物能抑制小鼠排便反射，延缓胃排空，抑制肠内容物推进，并有镇痛作用，但不影响兔离体肠管自发性和乙酞胆碱诱发的收缩。相关论述

1. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects: Ethanol extract of Euphorbia helioscopia has inhibitory effects on xylene-induced ear swelling and carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice. It also shows analgesic effects in the hot plate test. Its anti-inflammatory mechanism is related to clearing oxygen free radicals, anti-lipid peroxidation, stabilizing lysosomal membranes, and reducing the generation of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1B and TNFα.2. Anti-tumor effects: Euphorbia helioscopia exhibits anti-tumor effects both in vivo and in vitro. The extract inhibits K562 and HL-60 with IC50 values of 26.2-36.7 mg/L and 1.6 g/kg, respectively, and inhibits S180 and Hep with suppression rates of 47.3% and 52.9%, respectively.3. Effects on gastrointestinal function: The extract of Euphorbia helioscopia can inhibit defecation reflex in mice, delay gastric emptying, inhibit intestinal transit, and has analgesic effects. However, it does not affect the spontaneous contractions of isolated rabbit intestines or acetylcholine-induced contractions.

1、《滇南本草》：“宽中下气，消宿食，消痞块年久坚积板硬，胃气疼，面寒疼，妇人癥瘕。消浮肿，破瘀血，止咳嗽。”2、《贵州草药》：“清热和血，止痢，止血，定惊。”3、《全国中草药汇编》：“活血散瘀，止血止痛，收敛。治慢性胃炎，胃、十二指肠溃疡，肠炎，月经不调，跌打损伤。”临床应用 相关配伍

1. "Dian Nan Ben Cao": "Regulate the middle and lower qi, resolve food stagnation, disperse long-standing masses and hardened accumulations, alleviate stomach pain, alleviate cold pain in the face, treat gynecological disorders. Dispel edema, break up blood stasis, and stop coughing." 2. "Guizhou Herbal Medicine": "Clear heat and nourish blood, stop diarrhea, stop bleeding, and calm the mind." 3. "Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines Nationwide": "Activate blood circulation to dispel stasis, stop bleeding and pain, and astringe. Used for treating chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, enteritis, irregular menstruation, and injuries from falls." Clinical applications and relevant compatibility.

1、治男女痞块疼痛，癥瘕积聚：草血竭焙为末。每服一钱，砂糖热酒服。气盛者，加槟榔、台鸟。（《滇南本草》）2、治跌打损伤肿痛：草血竭15g，接骨草（陆英）18g。水煎，加酒少许兑服。（《四川中药志》1982年版）3、治外伤出血：草血竭研粉，外涂伤口。（《云南中草药选》4、治吐血，咯血，衄血：草血竭15g，血盆草30g。水煎服。（《四川中药志》1982年版）5、治菌痢：草血竭干粉3-5g，吞服，每日3次。（《云南中草药选》）6、治寒湿气浮肿：草血竭三钱茴香根三钱，草果子二钱。共为末，同鳅鱼煮吃三四次。（《滇南本草》）7、治水肿、胁下有包块：草血竭15g，马鞭草18g，大蓟30g。水煎服。（出自《四川中药志》1982年版）8、治疮肿及蛇伤：草血竭研末，适量外敷。（出自《四川中药志》1982年版）9、治烫伤，火伤鸢头鸡：研末3g，冰片1.5g。调蓖麻油外搽患处。（出自《贵州草药》）10、治母猪疯：鸢头鸡研末3g，白矾末1.5g。开水吞服。（出自《贵州草药》）11、治产后血虚：鸢头鸡9g，玉竹15g，萓草根6g。炖肉吃。（出自《贵州草药》）加工炮制 采收加工

1. For treating pain and swelling caused by lumps in men and women: Grind the herb Xue Jie (Draconis Sanguis) into powder. Take one qian (about 3 grams) per dose, mixed with hot wine and sugar. For those with excessive qi, add Betel Nut and Amomum Villosum. (From "Yunnan Materia Medica")2. For treating bruises and swelling from falls and injuries: Use 15g of Xue Jie and 18g of Achyranthes bidentata (Lu Ying). Decoct in water, add a little wine, and take orally. (From "Sichuan Herbal Records" 1982 edition)3. For treating external bleeding from wounds: Grind Xue Jie into powder and apply externally on the wound. (From "Selected Yunnan Medicinal Herbs")4. For treating vomiting blood, coughing up blood, and nosebleeds: Use 15g of Xue Jie and 30g of Achyranthes bidentata. Decoct in water and take orally. (From "Sichuan Herbal Records" 1982 edition)5. For treating dysentery caused by bacteria: Take 3-5g of powdered Xue Jie orally, three times a day. (From "Selected Yunnan Medicinal Herbs")6. For treating edema caused by cold and dampness: Mix 3 qian (about 9 grams) of Xue Jie, 3 qian of Fennel Root, and 2 qian of Fructus Xanthii into powder. Cook with loach and consume three to four times. (From "Yunnan Materia Medica")7. For treating edema and lumps below the ribs: Use 15g of Xue Jie, 18g of Herba Cynomorii, and 30g of Great Burdock. Decoct in water and take orally. (From "Sichuan Herbal Records" 1982 edition)8. For treating abscesses and snake bites: Grind Xue Jie into powder and apply externally as needed. (From "Sichuan Herbal Records" 1982 edition)9. For treating burns and scalds, as well as injuries from venomous snakes: Use 3g of powdered Xue Jie and 1.5g of borneol. Mix with castor oil and apply externally to the affected area. (From "Guizhou Herbal Medicine")10. For treating madness in sows: Use 3g of powdered Xue Jie and 1.5g of alum powder. Dissolve in boiling water and take orally. (From "Guizhou Herbal Medicine")11. For treating postpartum blood deficiency: Use 9g of Xue Jie, 15g of Polygonatum odoratum, and 6g of Ophiopogon japonicus. Stew with meat and consume. (From "Guizhou Herbal Medicine")

8-10月采挖，晒干。药材鉴别 药材性状
Harvest and dig up from August to October, then sun-dry. Identify the medicinal herbs and their characteristics.

根茎扁圆柱形，常弯曲，两端略尖，一面隆起，另面微有凹槽，长2-6cm，直径0.8-2cm。表面紫褐色至黑褐色，具密粗环纹，并有残留细根及根痕。质硬，不易折断，折断面不平坦红棕色或灰棕色维管束点25-40个，断续排列成环。气微，味涩、微苦。植物学信息 植物种属
The rhizome is flat cylindrical, often curved, slightly pointed at both ends, with one side bulging and the other side slightly grooved, 2-6cm long and 0.8-2cm in diameter. The surface is purplish-brown to blackish-brown, with dense coarse rings, and residual fine roots and root scars. It is hard in texture, not easily broken, with a rough reddish-brown or grayish-brown fracture surface. There are 25-40 vascular bundle points arranged intermittently in a ring. It has a slight odor, astringent taste, and slightly bitter. Botanical information about the plant species.

蓼科蓼属植物草血竭。形态特征
Polygonum aviculare, a plant in the Polygonaceae family. Morphological characteristics.

多年生草本，高15-50cm。根茎肥厚，横生，常弯曲，外面棕黑色，内面粉红色，具多数坚韧须根。茎直立，不分枝，淡绿色，有棱，无毛。基生叶有长柄，长3-7cm，有棱；叶片狭长披针形，长7-12cm，宽15-25cm，先端渐尖或钝，基部渐狭，呈楔形，稍不对称，且不下延成翅状，边缘有不明显细齿，且常反卷，中脉有时呈红色，网脉明显，尤以边脉显著，两面无毛茎生叶互生，下部叶有柄，上部的无枘，叶片较基生叶小；托叶鞘膜质，长达5cm，棕色，疏被短柔毛，有纵脉多条，先端常2裂状。总状花序穗状，单生于茎顶，近直立，长3-4cm，小花粉红色，苞片卵状披针形，花被5深裂，裂片卵状椭圆形；雄蕊5；子房长卵形花柱极小，2裂。瘦果扁卵形，红褐色或棕黑色，光亮，包藏于宿存花被内。花期5-10月，果期9-12月。分布区域
Perennial herb, 15-50cm tall. The rhizome is thick, horizontal, often curved, brown-black on the outside, pink on the inside, with numerous tough fibrous roots. The stem is erect, unbranched, pale green, angular, and hairless. Basal leaves have long petioles, 3-7cm long, with edges; leaf blades are narrowly lanceolate, 7-12cm long, 15-25cm wide, gradually pointed or blunt at the tip, gradually narrowing at the base, wedge-shaped, slightly asymmetrical, not downward extending into wings, with indistinct fine teeth on the edges, often curled backwards, sometimes with red veins, prominent reticulate veins, especially prominent lateral veins, hairless on both sides. Stem leaves are opposite, lower leaves have petioles, upper ones are sessile, smaller than basal leaves; stipules membranous, up to 5cm long, brown, sparsely covered with short soft hairs, with multiple longitudinal veins, often 2-lobed at the tip. Inflorescence is a spike-like raceme, solitary at the stem apex, nearly erect, 3-4cm long, with small pink flowers, ovate-lanceolate bracts, 5 deeply lobed corolla, lobes ovate-elliptic; 5 stamens; ovary oblong, style very small, 2-lobed. Fruit is flattened ovoid, red-brown or brown-black, shiny, enclosed within persistent corolla. Flowering period is from May to October, fruiting period is from September to December. Distribution area.

分布于四川贵州、云南等地。生长环境
Distributed in Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and other regions. Growing environment.

生于高山草原石间，以阴坡为多。生长见习
Born among the rocks of high mountain grasslands, mostly on shady slopes. It grows slowly.

喜凉爽、向阳的环境。土壤以肥沃深厚、排水良好的腐殖质土较好。繁殖方式
Prefers a cool and sunny environment. The soil is preferably fertile, deep, and well-drained humus soil. Reproduction method.

分株繁殖。栽培技术
Propagation by division. Cultivation techniques.

分株繁殖。在冬季或早春结合采挖，取有须根和芽嘴的根茎分成单株作种。在整好的地上，开1.3m宽的畦，按行株距各约26cm开穴，深10-13cm，每穴栽苗3株，成品字形，芽嘴向上，盖土浇水。
Division propagation. In winter or early spring, the roots with root hairs and buds are dug up and divided into single plants for seeding. On well-prepared ground, a 1.3m wide ridge is opened, with holes spaced about 26cm apart in rows, 10-13cm deep. Plant 3 seedlings in each hole, arranged in a zigzag pattern, with the buds facing upwards, then cover with soil and water.