黄瑞木，中药名。为山茶科杨桐属植物黄瑞木Adinandra millettii（Hook.et Am.）的根及嫩叶。具有凉血止血，解毒消肿的功效。主治衄血，尿血，传染性肝炎，腮腺炎，疖肿，蛇虫咬伤，癌肿。
Huang-rui-mu, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It refers to the roots and tender leaves of Adinandra millettii (Hook.et Am.), a plant in the Theaceae family. It has the effects of cooling blood, stopping bleeding, detoxification, and reducing swelling. It is mainly used for treating hemorrhage, hematuria, infectious hepatitis, parotitis, carbuncle, snake and insect bites, and tumors.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

凉血止血，解毒消肿。
Cooling the blood, stopping bleeding, detoxifying, and reducing swelling.

主治 Indications

衄血，尿血，传染性肝炎，腮腺炎，疖肿，蛇虫咬伤，癌肿。
Epistaxis, hematuria, infectious hepatitis, mumps, furuncle, snake or insect bites, and cancerous tumors.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，15-30g，鲜品酌加。外用：以鲜叶捣敷；或以根磨淘米水擦患处。
Internal use: Decoction, 15-30g, adjust the dosage for fresh herbs. External use: Crush fresh leaves for application, or grind the roots and mix with rice water for topical application.

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：全年可挖根，晒干或鲜用。夏、秋采嫩叶，鲜用。
The roots can be harvested all year round, and can be dried or used fresh. The tender leaves can be harvested in summer and autumn for fresh use.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：山茶科杨桐属植物黄瑞木。
Yellow rui wood is a plant of the Theaceae family, belonging to the Adinandra genus.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

黄瑞木灌木或小乔木，高约5m。嫩枝和顶芽疏生柔毛。单叶互生；叶具短柄；叶片厚革质，长圆状椭圆形，长4.5-9cm，宽2-3cm，先端短尖，基部渐狭，边缘全缘，少有在上半部略有细牙齿，幼时有密集的柔毛，后变无毛。花两性，单生于叶腋；花梗纤细，长约2cm，有贴伏短毛，萼片5，卵状三角形，外面被贴伏短毛，边缘近于膜质，有细腺齿和睫毛；花冠裂片5，无毛；雄蕊约25枚，花药密生白色柔毛；子房上位，3室，有白色柔毛，花柱无毛。浆果近球形，直径7-8mm，有柔毛或近于无毛。种子细小，黑色，光亮。
Huangruimu is a shrub or small tree, about 5m tall. The tender branches and apical buds are sparsely covered with soft hairs. The leaves are alternate; with short petioles; the leaf blades are thick and leathery, oblong-elliptic, 4.5-9cm long, 2-3cm wide, with a short pointed tip, gradually narrowing at the base, with entire margins, and few fine teeth in the upper half, densely covered with soft hairs when young, later becoming hairless. The flowers are bisexual, solitary in the leaf axils; the flower stalks are slender, about 2cm long, with appressed short hairs, the sepals are 5, ovate-triangular, covered with appressed short hairs on the outside, with margins nearly membranous, fine glandular teeth and cilia; the corolla lobes are 5, hairless; about 25 stamens, anthers densely covered with white soft hairs; the ovary is superior, 3-loculed, with white soft hairs, and the style is hairless. The fruit is nearly spherical, 7-8mm in diameter, with soft hairs or nearly hairless. The seeds are small, black, and shiny.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、湖南、广东、广西等地。
Distributed in Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔90-1200m的山地林荫处或水边。
Born in the mountainous shady areas or by the water at an altitude of 90-1200 meters.