钩栗，中药名。为壳斗科锥栗属植物钩栲Castanopsis tibetana Hance的果实。具有厚肠，止痢的功效。主治痢疾。
Gou-li, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. The fruit of Castanopsis tibetana Hance, a plant in the Fagaceae family. It has the functions of relieving diarrhea and treating dysentery. It is mainly used to treat dysentery.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

厚肠，止痢。
Thickening the intestines, stopping diarrhea.

主治 Indications

痢疾。
Dysentery.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：研粉，15-30g，沸水冲。
Internal use: Powdered, 15-30g, infused with boiling water.

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：8-10月果实成熟时采收，去壳，研粉。
The fruits are harvested from August to October when ripe, then shelled and ground into powder.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：壳斗科锥栗属植物钩栲。
The plant "钩栲" belongs to the family Fagaceae and the genus Castanopsis.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

常绿大乔木，高达25m。树皮暗灰色或红褐色；幼枝无毛。单叶互生；长椭圆形，长18-25cm，宽8-12cm，先端尾状，基部楔形，中部以上边缘有粗锯齿，厚革质，下面密被黄褐色鳞片状绒毛，脱落后呈银灰色；叶柄粗壮，长2-4cm，无毛。雄花序较疏散，长15-20cm；雌花序长达14cm。雌花单生于总苞内。果实单生或数个聚生；总苞球形略扁，直径2-4cm，有簇生而基部分枝的锐刺，刺长1-1.2cm；坚果扁圆形，直径1.8-2cm，淡褐色，通常每总苞内1颗，偶有2-3颗，熟时4裂。花期5-6月，果期8-10月。
Evergreen tall tree, up to 25m in height. Bark is dark gray or reddish-brown; young branches are glabrous. Leaves alternate; oblong-elliptic, 18-25cm long, 8-12cm wide, tapering to a tail-like tip, wedge-shaped base, coarsely serrated above the middle, thick and leathery, densely covered beneath with yellow-brown scale-like tomentum, becoming silvery-gray after shedding; petiole stout, 2-4cm long, glabrous. Male inflorescences loose, 15-20cm long; female inflorescences up to 14cm long. Female flowers solitary within involucres. Fruits solitary or in small clusters; involucre spherical and slightly flattened, 2-4cm in diameter, bearing clustered, branched, sharp spines 1-1.2cm long; nuts flattened-round, 1.8-2cm in diameter, pale brown, usually one per involucre, occasionally 2-3, splitting into four segments when mature. Flowering period May-June, fruiting period August-October.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于浙江、福建、安徽、江西、湖南、湖北、广东、广西等地。
Distributed in Zhejiang, Fujian, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, and Guangxi.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于山地疏林中。
Found in sparse forests in mountainous areas.