净白沙虫药:净制白沙虫药
Jing-bai-sha-chong-yao: Bai-sha-chong-yao processed by cleaning.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

理气，利湿，解毒。
Regulating qi, promoting dampness, and detoxifying.

主治 Indications

痢疾腹痛，脚癣。
Dysentery with abdominal pain, and athlete's foot.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，30-60g。外用：研末调敷；或捣绒敷。
Internal use: Decoction, 30-60g. External use: Powdered for application; or mashed for poultice.

化学成分 Chemical Components

茎叶中含黄花香茶菜素A、B、C，延命草素即黄花香茶菜素D和大萼变型甲素。
Stems and leaves of the plant contain luteolin A, B, C, scutellarein (luteolin D), and periplanetin A.

药理作用 Pharmacological Effects

1、抗菌作用：白沙虫药乙醇提取物中分离得到的大萼变型甲素、黄花香茶菜素B、延命草素对金黄色葡萄球菌、弗氏痢疾杆菌、枯草杆菌有较强抑菌作用；其中黄花香茶菜素B作用最强，对上述细菌试管法测得最低抑菌浓度（MIC）为62.5μg/ml；大萼变型甲素的MIC为125μg/ml。

1. Antibacterial effects: The ethanol extract of Isodon lophanthoides yields periplanetin A, luteolin B, and scutellarein, which exhibit strong inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella flexneri, and Bacillus subtilis. Among them, luteolin B shows the strongest activity, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 62.5 μg/ml against the above bacteria; periplanetin A has an MIC of 125 μg/ml.

2、抗癌作用：白沙虫药中的黄花香茶菜素C对小鼠白血病P388有效，为抗癌活性成分。
2. Anticancer effects: Luteolin C in Isodon lophanthoides is effective against P388 leukemia in mice and represents an anticancer active component.

3、抗氧化作用：黄花香茶菜素40μmol/L、80μmol/L、160μmol/L抑制铁-半胱氨酸引起的肝线粒体丙二醛形成，并呈剂量依赖关系，160μmol/L抑制肝线粒体膜流动性下降。
3. Antioxidant effects: Luteolin at concentrations of 40 μmol/L, 80 μmol/L, and 160 μmol/L inhibits malondialdehyde formation in liver mitochondria induced by iron-cysteine, showing a dose-dependent relationship; at 160 μmol/L, it also inhibits the decrease in mitochondrial membrane fluidity.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《贵州草药》：“理气利湿，解毒。治痢疾，烂脚丫。”
"Guizhou Herbal Medicine": "Regulates qi, promotes dampness, and detoxifies. Treats dysentery and athlete's foot."

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：7-10月采收，鲜用或晒干。
Harvest from July to October, used fresh or dried after sun-drying.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：唇形科香茶菜属植物黄花香茶菜。
The plant species is Isodon lophanthoides, belonging to the Lamiaceae family and the genus Isodon.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

多年生草本，高0.5-2m，茎被稀疏平展的白色糙硬毛及密的短柔毛。叶对生；叶柄长1.5-7cm；叶片宽卵状心形或卵状心形，长3.5-10.5cm，上面被白色卷曲疏柔毛，下面网脉上被白色平展长柔毛，其余部分被黄色小腺点。聚伞花序顶生，有花9-11，稀腋生；苞片叶状；花萼钟状，果时下部囊状增大，外疏被白色糙硬毛，齿5，三角状卵形，近相等，与萼筒等长；花冠黄色，上唇内具紫斑，筒几不超出萼，檐部二唇形；雄蕊及花柱均内藏。小坚果卵状三角形，具不明显锈色小疣。花期8-10月，果期10-11月。
Perennial herb, 0.5–2 m tall, stems sparsely covered with spreading white stiff hairs and dense short soft hairs. Leaves opposite; petioles 1.5–7 cm long; leaf blades broadly ovate-heart-shaped or ovate-heart-shaped, 3.5–10.5 cm long, upper surface with sparse white curly soft hairs, lower surface with white spreading long soft hairs along veins and yellow glandular dots elsewhere. Terminal cymes with 9–11 flowers, rarely axillary; bracts leaf-like; calyx campanulate, base becoming pouch-like in fruit, sparsely covered with white stiff hairs, 5 teeth, triangular-ovate, nearly equal, as long as the tube; corolla yellow, upper lip with purple spots, tube barely exceeding calyx, limb bilabiate; stamens and style included. Nutlets ovate-triangular, with inconspicuous rusty warts. Flowering from August to October, fruiting from October to November.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于广西、四川、贵州、云南及陕西。
Distributed in Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, and Shaanxi.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于草地或灌丛。
Found in grasslands or thickets.