假芫茜，中药名。为伞形科植物刺芫荽 Eryngium foetidum L.的全株。具有行气调中，解表散寒的功效。主治脾胃气滞所致食欲不振，食积不化，脘腹胀痛，肠鸣泄泻及下痢腹痛。外感风寒所致胸闷咳嗽，头身疼痛等症。
Jia-yan-qian, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. s the whole plant of Eryngium foetidum L., a plant in the Umbelliferae family. It has the functions of promoting the circulation of qi, regulating the middle energizer, and dispersing cold from the surface of the body. It is mainly used for poor appetite and indigestion due to stagnation of qi in the spleen and stomach, abdominal distention and pain, rumbling intestines, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. It is also used for chest stuffiness, cough, and headache caused by an external attack of wind-cold.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

行气调中，解表散寒。
Regulating qi and harmonizing the middle, releasing the exterior and dispersing cold.

主治 Indications

主要用于脾胃气滞所致食欲不振，食积不化，脘腹胀痛，肠鸣泄泻及下痢腹痛。外感风寒所致胸闷咳嗽，头身疼痛等症。
Mainly used for poor appetite caused by stagnation of qi in the spleen and stomach, indigestion, abdominal distension and pain, rumbling intestines, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. It is also effective for symptoms such as chest tightness, cough, headache, and body pain caused by external wind-cold invasion.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，9-15g。
Internal administration: Decoction, 9-15g.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《陆川本草》：行气，健胃。治腹胀，食滞。
"Lu Chuan Materia Medica": Promotes Qi circulation, strengthens the stomach. Used to treat abdominal distension and food stagnation.

广州部队《常用中草药手册》：疏风除热，芳香健胃。治感冒胸痛，消化不良，肠炎腹泻，蛇咬伤。
"Guangzhou Military's Handbook of Commonly Used Chinese Medicinal Herbs": Disperses wind-heat, aromatic and stomach-strengthening. Used to treat colds with chest pain, indigestion, enteritis with diarrhea, and snake bites.

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：全年可采。
Processing and preparation: Available for harvest all year round.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：伞形科植物刺芫荽。
Plant species: Umbelliferous plant Coriander (Eryngium foetidum).

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

多年生草本，高10-60cm，有特殊香气，基生叶革质，倒披针形，长10-18cm，宽2-3cm，基部渐狭而成一阔而扁平的柄，边缘有硬骨质和刺状锯齿，羽状脉达锯齿尖端成硬刺；茎生叶短而硬，3-5裂，或不分裂，疏生尖刺。花直立，粗壮，二歧分枝；头状花序极短，生于茎之分叉处；总苞片5-6，叶状，边缘疏生尖刺；小苞片线形，比花略长；小花多数，白色或淡绿色。双悬果球形或卵形，长1mm，有球形茶色小凸瘤。花期4月。
Perennial herb, 10-60cm tall, with a distinctive fragrance. The basal leaves are leathery, oblanceolate, 10-18cm long and 2-3cm wide, gradually narrowing at the base into a broad and flat petiole. The margins have hard bony and prickly serrations, with pinnate veins extending to the tips of the teeth forming hard spines. Stem leaves are short and stiff, 3-5 lobed or unlobed, sparsely bearing thorns. Flowers are erect and stout, dichotomously branched; the head-like inflorescence is very short, borne at stem forks; involucral bracts 5–6, leaf-like, sparsely bearing thorns on the edges; small bracts linear, slightly longer than the flowers; numerous small flowers, white or pale green. The fruit is spherical or ovoid, about 1mm long, with small spherical brownish warts. Flowering period is in April.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于广东、广西、云南等地。
Distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于林边、路旁。
Found at forest edges and along roadsides.