穿心草，中药名。为龙胆科穿心草属植物穿心草Canscora lucidissima的全草。具有清热解毒，理气活血的功效。主治肺热咳嗽，肝炎，钩端螺旋体病，黄疸，胸痛，胃痛，跌打内瘀，毒蛇咬伤。
Chuan-xin-cao, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Canscora lucidissima) is the whole plant of the Canscora lucidissima, a plant in the Gentianaceae family. It has the functions of clearing heat, detoxifying, regulating qi, and promoting blood circulation. It is mainly used to treat lung heat cough, hepatitis, leptospirosis, jaundice, chest pain, stomach pain, bruises from falls, and snake bites.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

清热解毒，理气活血。主治
Clearing heat and detoxifying, regulating qi and promoting blood circulation. Mainly used for治疗。

主要用于肺热咳嗽，肝炎，钩端螺旋体病，黄疸，胸痛，胃痛，跌打内瘀，毒蛇咬伤。用法用量
Mainly used for lung heat cough, hepatitis, leptospirosis, jaundice, chest pain, stomach pain, bruises from falls, and snake bites. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，9-15g；鲜品及治毒蛇咬伤用量加倍。外用：煎水洗。化学成分
Internal use: Decoction, 9-15g; double the dosage for fresh herbs and treating snake bites. External use: Decoction for washing. Chemical components.

全草含1-羟基-3，5-二甲氧基山酮，1，5，8-三羟基-3-甲氧基山酮。药理作用
The whole plant contains 1-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyacetophenone and 1,5,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyacetophenone. Pharmacological effects.

1、保护心肌作用：3种穿心草山酮均可明显减轻由异丙肾上腺素引起的心肌损伤，抑制天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）和乳酸脱氢酶的漏出，减少异丙肾上腺素引起的心肌丙二醛（MDA）的积聚，显著提高心肌中SOD活性。3种Xan不同程度地减少受伤线粒体的膨胀作用及阻止脂质过氧化的形成，增加膜脂质流动性，维护线粒体结构和功能的完整。2、抗脂质过氧化作用：10.05μmol/L的3种Xan均可抑制正常大鼠脑、肝、心匀浆体外过氧化脂质生成，并能对抗半胱氨酸和硫酸亚铁所致过氧化脂质生成增加；均能抑制红细胞自氧化，显著减少红细胞自氧化过程中MDA的含量；均能清除超氧阴离子自由基和羟自由基，清除羟自由基的作用更强。3、对缺血再灌注模型心律失常的保护作用：3种Xan可不同程度地降低缺血再灌注损伤引起的室性心律失常发生率，缩短持续时间，提高超氧化物歧化酶的活性，减少脂质过氧化反应代谢产物丙二醛的含量，减少心肌天冬氨酸氨基转移酶及乳酸脱氢酶的释放量。Xan的活性与其苯环上羟自由基及甲氧基的多少及其位置有关。4、抗炎作用：Xan腹腔注射给药对小鼠二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀、乙酸介导的毛细血管通透性增加、鸡蛋清致大鼠足肿胀均有显著的抑制作用，具有直接的抗炎作用，Xan具有膜稳定性作用，能够使大鼠炎性组织释放的PGE2，明显减少。相关论述

1. Cardioprotective effects: All three types of xanthones can significantly alleviate myocardial damage caused by isoproterenol, inhibit the leakage of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase, reduce the accumulation of isoproterenol-induced myocardial malondialdehyde (MDA), and significantly increase the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the myocardium. The three types of xanthones reduce the swelling of injured mitochondria to varying degrees and prevent the formation of lipid peroxidation, increase membrane lipid fluidity, and maintain the integrity of mitochondrial structure and function.2. Anti-lipid peroxidation effects: Xanthones at a concentration of 10.05 μmol/L can inhibit the in vitro peroxidation of lipids in the brain, liver, and heart homogenates of normal rats, and counteract the increase in lipid peroxidation induced by homocysteine and ferrous sulfate. They can inhibit erythrocyte autoxidation, significantly reduce the content of MDA during erythrocyte autoxidation, and scavenge superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals, with a stronger effect on scavenging hydroxyl radicals.3. Protective effects against ischemia-reperfusion-induced arrhythmias: The three types of xanthones can reduce the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury to varying degrees, shorten the duration, increase the activity of superoxide dismutase, reduce the content of lipid peroxidation metabolite malondialdehyde, and decrease the release of aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase in the myocardium. The activity of xanthones is related to the quantity and position of hydroxyl and methoxy groups on the benzene ring.4. Anti-inflammatory effects: Intraperitoneal injection of xanthones in mice significantly inhibits xylene-induced ear swelling, acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability, and egg white-induced foot swelling in rats, demonstrating a direct anti-inflammatory effect. Xanthones have membrane-stabilizing effects and can significantly reduce the release of PGE2 from inflammatory tissues in rats.

1、《广西民间常用中草药手册》：理气，止痛，止咳。治肺热咳嗽，心胃气痛，毒蛇咬伤。2、《广西本草选编》：理气止痛，清肺止咳。主治黄疸型肝炎，胃痛，肋间神经痛，急性支气管炎，肺炎，风湿性心脏病引起的心律不齐。临床应用 临床应用

1. "Handbook of Commonly Used Folk Chinese Herbal Medicines in Guangxi": Soothe the liver qi, relieve pain, and stop coughing. Used for treating cough due to lung heat, qi pain in the heart and stomach, and snake bites.2. "Compilation of Guangxi Materia Medica": Soothe the liver qi, relieve pain, clear the lungs, and stop coughing. Mainly used for treating jaundice-type hepatitis, stomach pain, intercostal neuralgia, acute bronchitis, pneumonia, and arrhythmia caused by rheumatic heart disease. Clinical application.

1、治肺热咳嗽：干穿心草9g，干红薯叶9g。水煎服。（《广西民间常用中草药手册》）2、治钩端螺旋体病：金猫头、岩泽兰、穿心草、岩松（均鲜草）各4.5g。水煎，分3次服。喉痛者，加野花椒全株45g；鼻出血者，用浆草捣烂冲服。外用榄茶树叶、香椿树叶、香椿树皮、臭茉莉叶、追山虎叶、酸汤秆全草各500g，煎汤，每日洗2次。（《全国中草药新医疗法展览会资料选编》）3、治心胃气痛：干穿心草15g。水煎服。4、治毒蛇咬伤：穿心草30g。水煎服。（3-4方出自《广西民间常用中草药手册》）加工炮制 采收加工

1. Treatment for cough due to lung heat: 9g of dried Houttuynia cordata and 9g of dried sweet potato leaves. Decoct in water and take orally. (From "Folk Herbal Manual of Guangxi")2. Treatment for Leptospirosis: 4.5g each of fresh Herba Lysimachiae, Herba Houttuyniae, Herba Lycopodii, and Herba Selaginellae. Decoct in water and divide into 3 doses for oral administration. For sore throat, add 45g of whole plant of Zanthoxylum nitidum; for nosebleeds, use crushed Houttuynia cordata for oral administration. For external use, decoct 500g each of leaves of Olea europaea, Toona sinensis, bark of Toona sinensis, leaves of Jasminum odoratissimum, leaves of Hemigraphis reptans, and whole plant of Oxalis corniculata, and wash affected area twice daily. (From "Selected Materials from the National Exhibition of New Medical Treatments with Chinese Herbal Medicine")3. Treatment for stomach and heart qi pain: 15g of dried Houttuynia cordata. Decoct in water and take orally.4. Treatment for snake bites: 30g of Houttuynia cordata. Decoct in water and take orally. (The above prescriptions are from the "Folk Herbal Manual of Guangxi") Processing and preparation: Harvest and process.

秋、冬季采收，洗净，鲜用或扎把晒干。植物学信息 植物种属
Harvest in autumn or winter, wash and clean, use fresh or tie into bundles and air dry. Botanical information: Plant species.

龙胆科穿心草属植物穿心草。形态特征
The plant of the Gentianaceae family is the herb known as Centaurium. Its morphological characteristics include:

一年生草本，高10-30cm。全株光滑无毛。茎直立，黄绿色，多分枝，枝柔弱。基生叶对生，具短柄，叶片卵形；上中部空叶为穿茎叶，叶片圆形，直径7-20mm，上面绿色，下面灰绿色；具突出的网状脉。聚伞花序呈假二叉状分枝，具多花，苞片叶状；花萼钟形，长5-6mm，萼筒膜质，5小齿，不等长；花白色或淡黄色。钟形，长6-8mm，长圆状匙形；雄蕊5，着生于花冠筒上部，与裂片互生，花药不完全发育；子房无柄，长圆形，花柱丝状，柱头小，头状。蒴果内藏，宽长圆形，长4-5mm。种子多数，扁平，黄褐色，表面具网纹。花、果期8月。分布区域
A one-year-old herbaceous plant, 10-30cm tall. The entire plant is smooth and hairless. The stem is erect, yellow-green in color, highly branched, and the branches are weak. The basal leaves are opposite, with short petioles, and ovate leaf blades; the upper and middle empty leaves are stem-piercing leaves, with round leaf blades, 7-20mm in diameter, green on the upper side, and grayish-green on the lower side; with prominent reticulate veins. The umbel inflorescence is pseudo-dichotomously branched, with many flowers, and leaf-like bracts; the calyx is bell-shaped, 5-6mm long, with a membranous calyx tube, 5 unequal teeth; the flowers are white or pale yellow. The corolla is bell-shaped, 6-8mm long, oblong-spoon-shaped; there are 5 stamens, attached to the upper part of the corolla tube, alternating with the lobes, the anthers are incompletely developed; the ovary is sessile, oblong, the style is filiform, the stigma is small and head-shaped. The capsule is enclosed inside, broadly oblong, 4-5mm long. The seeds are numerous, flat, yellow-brown, with a reticulate surface. The flowering and fruiting period is in August. Distribution area.

分布于广西、贵州等地。生长环境
Distributed in Guangxi, Guizhou, and other regions. Growing environment.

生于石灰岩山坡较阴湿的岩壁或石缝中。
Born in the shady and damp rocky walls or crevices of limestone slopes.