绞股蓝，中药名。为葫芦科绞股蓝属植物绞股蓝Gynostemma pentaphyllum(Thunb.)Makino的全草。具有益气健脾，化痰止咳，养心安神的功效。主治病后虚弱，气虚阴伤，肺热痰稠，咳嗽气喘，心悸失眠等。
Jiaogulan. , name of Chinese Medicinal Material. e whole plant of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino, a plant of the Cucurbitaceae family and the Gynostemma genus. It has the effects of invigorating the qi and tonifying the spleen, resolving phlegm and stopping cough, and nourishing the heart and calming the mind. It is mainly used for post-illness weakness, qi deficiency and yin injury, thick phlegm due to lung heat, cough and asthma, palpitations, and insomnia.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy, function.

益气健脾，化痰止咳，养心安神。主治
Tonifying qi and invigorating the spleen, resolving phlegm and stopping cough, nourishing the heart and calming the mind. Used to treat...

主要用于病后虚弱，气虚阴伤，肺热痰稠，咳嗽气喘，心悸失眠等。
Mainly used for post-illness weakness, qi deficiency with yin injury, lung heat with thick phlegm, cough and asthma, palpitations and insomnia, etc.

用法用量
Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，15-30g，研末，3-6g；或泡茶饮。外用：捣烂涂擦。注意事项
Internal use: Decoction, 15-30g, powdered, 3-6g; or infused in tea. External use: Crush and apply topically. Precautions.

虚寒证忌用。化学成分
Deficiency-cold syndrome should be avoided. Chemical composition.

含绞股蓝皂甙（aypenoside）1-52，其中3、4、8、12分别与人参皂甙Rb1、Rb3、Rb、Rf2结构相同，另含有黄酮、糖类。药理作用
Contains aescin (aypenoside) 1-52, among which 3, 4, 8, and 12 are structurally similar to ginsenosides Rb1, Rb3, Rb, and Rf2, and also contains flavonoids and sugars. Pharmacological effects.

1、对中枢神经系统的影响：绞股蓝浸膏、绞股蓝总皂苷具有一定的镇静、催眠和镇痛作用。

1. Effects on the central nervous system: Gelsemium extract and gelsemium total saponins have certain sedative, hypnotic, and analgesic effects.

2、对免疫系统的影响：绞股蓝总苷可调节免疫功能，能提高T淋巴细胞的数目，增强天然杀伤细胞（NK细胞）的活性，提高肺巨噬细胞的吞噬功能。
2. Impact on the immune system: Total glycosides of gelsemium elegans can regulate immune function, increase the number of T lymphocytes, enhance the activity of natural killer cells (NK cells), and improve the phagocytic function of pulmonary macrophages.

3、对心血管系统的影响：绞股蓝总皂苷具有抗心肌缺血的作用，能明显降低血清中胆固醇的含量，减少胆固醇在动脉壁的沉积及脂质过氧化物的生成，降低斑块发生率，明显抑制动脉粥样硬化的生长及发展。
Impact on the cardiovascular system: Total saponins of Gastrodia elata have anti-myocardial ischemia effects, can significantly reduce the cholesterol content in the serum, reduce the deposition of cholesterol in the arterial wall and the generation of lipid peroxides, lower the occurrence rate of plaques, and significantly inhibit the growth and development of atherosclerosis.

4、抗肿瘤的作用：绞股蓝总皂苷对摩利斯肝癌、子宫癌、肺癌、黑色素瘤等癌细胞增殖有明显的抑制作用。
4. Antitumor effect: Total saponins of Brucea Javanica have a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of cancer cells such as Morris hepatoma, uterine cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma.

5、抗衰老的作用：绞股蓝具有促进生长发育，延长正常细胞寿命，延缓衰老的作用。绞股蓝总皂苷或其粗提取物能延长果蝇寿命，提高小鼠的生存率。
5. Anti-aging effect: Gynostemma pentaphyllum has the effect of promoting growth and development, extending the lifespan of normal cells, and delaying aging. Gynostemma pentaphyllum total saponins or its crude extract can extend the lifespan of fruit flies and improve the survival rate of mice.

6、抑制血小板聚集，抗血栓形成的作用：绞股蓝体内外均能抑制血小板聚集，具有明显的抑制血栓形成的作用，并呈剂量依赖关系。
6. Inhibiting platelet aggregation and anti-thrombotic effects: Both internally and externally, the compound in Centella asiatica can inhibit platelet aggregation, showing a significant anti-thrombotic effect that is dose-dependent.

7、此外，绞股蓝尚有一定的抗氧化、抗应激、抗突变、抗溃疡、抑制肥胖、抗脑缺血等作用。毒理作用
In addition, Gastrodia elata also has certain effects such as antioxidant, anti-stress, anti-mutation, anti-ulcer, anti-obesity, and anti-brain ischemia. Toxic effects.

小鼠灌服绞股蓝水提浸膏（gP）10，000mg/kg，72小时内无死亡，腹腔注射gP的半数致死量为2862.5mg/kg。小鼠灌服绞股蓝浸膏（含gPs约20%）的半数致死量为4.5g/kg，不同产地的绞股蓝总甙Ⅰ和总甙Ⅱ给小鼠腹腔注射半数致死量分别为899.50-1051.32mg/kg和1743.25-2049.11mg/kg。另有报道，小鼠腹腔注射gPs的半数致死量为755mg/kg，口服无毒性。大鼠腹腔注射绞股蓝粗提物半数致死量为1850mg/kg，经口服用10g/kg未见毒性。每日喂服8g/kg，连续1个月，一般情况、体重增长、进食量、血、尿常规和病理组织学检查均未发现异常。相关论述
Mice were orally administered with a decoction of Gelsemium elegans at a dose of 10,000mg/kg, with no deaths occurring within 72 hours. The median lethal dose (LD50) of intraperitoneal injection of Gelsemium elegans decoction was 2862.5mg/kg. The LD50 of oral administration of Gelsemium elegans decoction (containing approximately 20% of gelsemium alkaloids) was 4.5g/kg. Different sources of Gelsemium elegans total alkaloids I and II had LD50 values of 899.50-1051.32mg/kg and 1743.25-2049.11mg/kg, respectively, when administered intraperitoneally to mice.Additionally, it has been reported that the LD50 of intraperitoneal injection of gelsemium alkaloids was 755mg/kg in mice, and it was non-toxic when administered orally. The LD50 of intraperitoneal injection of crude Gelsemium elegans extract in rats was 1850mg/kg, and no toxicity was observed when orally administered at a dose of 10g/kg. Rats were fed with 8g/kg daily for one month, and no abnormalities were found in general conditions, weight gain, food intake, blood and urine routine tests, as well as histopathological examinations.

《全国中草药汇编》：“主治慢性支气管炎，传染性肝炎，肾盂炎，胃肠炎。”临床应用 临床应用
"National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines": "Mainly used for chronic bronchitis, infectious hepatitis, pyelonephritis, and gastroenteritis." Clinical application.

1、治慢性支气管炎：绞股蓝晒干研粉，每次3-6g，吞服，每日3次。（《浙江药用植物志》）

1. Treatment for chronic bronchitis: Grind and sun-dry the herb Platycodon grandiflorus into a powder, take 3-6g each time, swallow, 3 times a day. (From "Zhejiang Medicinal Plants Compendium")

2、治劳伤虚损，遗精：绞股蓝15-30g，水煎服，每日1剂。（浙江《民间常用草药》）相关配伍
2. Treatment for deficiency caused by overwork and spermatorrhea: 15-30g of Epimedium is taken by decoction daily. (From "Folk Commonly Used Herbs in Zhejiang") Related compatibility.

1、绞股蓝配太子参：绞股蓝具有益气健脾，生津止渴的作用；太子参具有补气生津，健脾益肺的功效。两药配伍，可增强益气养阴的作用。适用于脾胃气阴两伤之口渴、咽干、心烦等。

1. Gastrodia and Prince Ginseng Combination: Gastrodia benefits Qi, invigorates the spleen, generates fluids, and relieves thirst; Prince Ginseng supplements Qi, generates fluids, invigorates the spleen, and benefits the lungs. The combination of these two herbs can enhance the nourishing Yin and invigorating Qi effects. It is suitable for symptoms such as thirst, dry throat, and restlessness caused by damage to both the Qi and Yin of the spleen and stomach.

2、绞股蓝配川贝母：绞股蓝具有益肺清热，化痰止咳的作用；川贝母具有清热化痰，润燥止咳的功效。两药配伍，可增强养阴润肺，化痰止咳的作用。适用于气阴两虚，肺中燥热所致咳嗽痰黏等。
2. Blue tansy combined with fritillaria bulb: Blue tansy has the function of benefiting the lungs, clearing heat, and resolving phlegm to stop coughing; fritillaria bulb has the efficacy of clearing heat, resolving phlegm, moistening dryness, and stopping coughing. The combination of these two herbs can enhance the effects of nourishing yin, moistening the lungs, and resolving phlegm to stop coughing. It is suitable for cough with sticky phlegm caused by deficiency of both qi and yin, and lung dryness and heat.

3、绞股蓝配半夏：绞股蓝具有益肺清热，化痰止咳的作用；半夏具有燥湿化痰，降逆止呕的功效。两药配伍，可增强补肺益气，燥湿化痰的作用。适用于肺气虚弱而痰湿内盛之咳嗽痰多等。
3. Blue tansy with pinellia: Blue tansy has the functions of benefiting the lungs, clearing heat, and resolving phlegm to stop coughing; pinellia has the effects of drying dampness, resolving phlegm, and stopping vomiting. The combination of these two herbs can enhance the functions of tonifying the lungs, benefiting qi, drying dampness, and resolving phlegm. It is suitable for cough with abundant phlegm due to lung qi deficiency and internal dampness.

4、绞股蓝配山茱萸：绞股蓝有补气益阴，补肾涩精的功效；山茱萸有补益肝肾，涩精缩尿的作用。两药配伍，可增强补肾涩精的作用。适用于肾虚失固，梦遗滑精等。
4. Combining Radix Polygoni Multiflori with Fructus Corni: Radix Polygoni Multiflori tonifies qi and nourishes yin, supplements the kidneys, and secures essence; Fructus Corni tonifies the liver and kidneys, secures essence, and helps to reduce urination. The combination of these two herbs can enhance the effect of supplementing the kidneys and securing essence. It is suitable for conditions such as kidney deficiency with spermatorrhea and nocturnal emission.

5、绞股蓝配鱼腥草：绞股蓝长于补益肺气，清肺化痰；鱼腥草善于清热解毒，消痈排脓。两药配伍，可増强清肺化痰，止咳的作用。适用于肺虚有热，咳喘痰稠等。
5. Blue tansy combined with Houttuynia cordata: Blue tansy is good at tonifying lung qi and clearing lung phlegm; Houttuynia cordata is effective in clearing heat, detoxifying, and promoting the discharge of abscesses. The combination of these two herbs can enhance the effect of clearing lung phlegm and stopping cough. It is suitable for conditions such as lung deficiency with heat, thick phlegm cough, and wheezing.

6、绞股蓝配茯神：绞股蓝长于补益气阴，养心安神；茯神善于健脾渗湿，宁心安神，两药配伍，可增强补益气阴，养心安神的作用。适用于案牍劳累，心气不足，心阴亏损，以及劳伤心脾，气血双亏的心悸失眠，健忘多梦，倦怠乏力等。鉴别用药
6. Bluebead and Poria Combination: Bluebead is good at tonifying qi and nourishing yin, nurturing the heart and calming the spirit; Poria is effective in invigorating the spleen, eliminating dampness, calming the mind, and calming the spirit. The combination of these two herbs can enhance the effects of tonifying qi and nourishing yin, nurturing the heart, and calming the spirit. It is suitable for cases of overwork, insufficient heart qi, deficient heart yin, as well as palpitations and insomnia due to overwork damaging the heart and spleen, deficiency of both qi and blood, forgetfulness, excessive dreaming, fatigue, and weakness. Differentiation of medication.

1、绞股蓝与人参：两药均具有补气益阴，滋补强壮，养心安神的功效，用于气虚乏力，四肢倦怠，阴伤口渴，心悸失眠等。然绞股蓝味甘入脾，能益气健脾，多用于脾胃气虚，体倦乏力，纳食不佳者。因其性偏苦寒，兼能生津止渴，故用治脾胃气阴两伤之口渴、咽干、心烦者，较为适宜。绞股蓝又能益肺气，清肺热，有化痰止咳之效，故常用于气阴两虚，肺中燥热，咳嗽痰黏及肺气虚而痰湿内盛，咳嗽痰多者。绞股蓝能补益气阴养心安神，对于案牍劳累，心气不足，心阴亏损，以及劳伤心脾，气血双亏的心悸失眠健忘多梦，倦怠乏力，尤为适宜。绞股蓝尚有补肾涩精之功，用于肾虚失固，梦遗滑精者。绞股蓝还略有清热解毒的作用，可用于肿瘤而有热毒之证。而人参具有大补元气，益气固脱，挽救危候的作用。凡大病、久病及大吐泻、大失血等各种原因所致人体元气耗散，体虚欲脱，脉微欲绝之危重证候。人参尤善补肺气，亦为补肺气之要药，故可治久病喘咳，肺气耗伤，或生化不足，肺气虚弱，宣降失常所致的咳嗽无力，气短喘促，懒言声微，咳痰清稀，倦怠乏力，自汗脉微，及肺肾两虚，摄纳无权，咳嗽虚喘者。人参又能益气以助阳，故又用治元气不足，命门火衰，阳痿宫冷等。

1. Gastrodia and Ginseng: Both herbs have the effects of tonifying qi, nourishing yin, nourishing and strengthening the body, and nourishing the heart and calming the mind. They are used for symptoms of qi deficiency and fatigue, limb weakness, yin deficiency with thirst, palpitations, and insomnia. Gastrodia has a sweet taste and enters the spleen, which can tonify qi and invigorate the spleen. It is often used for spleen and stomach qi deficiency, physical fatigue, and poor appetite. Due to its slightly bitter and cold nature, it can also generate fluids and relieve thirst. Therefore, it is more suitable for treating thirst, dry throat, and restlessness caused by spleen and stomach qi and yin deficiency. Gastrodia can also tonify lung qi, clear lung heat, transform phlegm, and stop coughing. It is commonly used for conditions of qi and yin deficiency, lung dryness and heat, sticky phlegm cough, and lung qi deficiency with excessive phlegm dampness and cough with abundant phlegm. Gastrodia can tonify qi and yin, nourish the heart, and calm the mind. It is particularly suitable for palpitations, insomnia, forgetfulness, vivid dreams, fatigue, and weakness caused by overwork, insufficient heart qi, heart yin deficiency, and dual deficiency of qi and blood. Gastrodia also has the function of tonifying the kidneys and securing essence, used for kidney deficiency with spermatorrhea. Additionally, Gastrodia has a slight heat-clearing and detoxifying effect and can be used for tumors with signs of heat-toxins. On the other hand, Ginseng has the function of greatly tonifying the original qi, benefiting qi, and securing leakage, playing a role in rescuing critical conditions. It is especially effective for severe conditions where the body's original qi is depleted due to serious illness, chronic illness, excessive vomiting and diarrhea, or massive blood loss, leading to extreme weakness, faint pulse, and critical conditions. Ginseng is particularly good at tonifying lung qi and is an essential herb for tonifying lung qi. It can be used to treat chronic cough and asthma, lung qi depletion, insufficient production of body fluids, weak lung qi, and coughing weakness due to lung qi deficiency and descending dysfunction, shortness of breath, rapid breathing, weak voice, clear and thin phlegm, fatigue, slight sweating, and lung-kidney deficiency with poor appetite, cough, and wheezing. Ginseng can also tonify qi to assist yang, so it is used to treat insufficient original qi, decline of the life gate fire, impotence, and cold uterus.

2、绞股蓝与川贝母：两药均具有清热化痰的功效，用于肺热痰稠，咳嗽气喘。然绞股蓝能益肺气，清肺热，有化痰止咳之效，故常用于气阴两虚，肺中燥热，咳嗽痰黏及肺虚而痰湿内盛，咳嗽痰多者。川贝母滋润之性较强，长于润肺化痰止咳，多用于阴虚燥咳。绞股蓝又能补益气阴，养心安神，对于案牍劳累，心气不足，心阴亏损，以及劳伤心脾，气血双亏的心悸失眠，健忘多梦，倦怠乏力，尤为适宜。绞股蓝味甘入脾，能益气健脾，多用于脾胃气虚，体倦乏力，纳食不佳者。因其性偏苦寒，兼能生津止渴，故用治脾胃气阴两伤之口渴、咽干、心烦者，较为适宜。川贝母又具有清热散结消肿的功效，故又用于瘰疬痈疽等。
2. Blue tansy and fritillaria bulb: Both herbs have the effect of clearing heat and resolving phlegm, and are used for conditions of lung heat with thick phlegm, cough, and wheezing. Blue tansy can tonify lung qi, clear lung heat, and has the effect of resolving phlegm and stopping cough. Therefore, it is often used for conditions of qi and yin deficiency, lung dryness and heat, cough with sticky phlegm, as well as lung deficiency with excessive phlegm dampness and abundant phlegm. Fritillaria bulb has a stronger moistening property and is better at moistening the lungs, resolving phlegm, and stopping cough, and is commonly used for yin deficiency with dry cough. Blue tansy can also tonify qi and yin, nourish the heart, and calm the spirit. It is particularly suitable for conditions such as overwork leading to exhaustion, insufficient heart qi, deficient heart yin, as well as palpitations and insomnia due to heart and spleen damage, dual deficiency of qi and blood, forgetfulness, vivid dreams, fatigue, and weakness. Blue tansy has a sweet taste that enters the spleen, can tonify qi and invigorate the spleen, and is often used for spleen and stomach qi deficiency, physical fatigue, and poor appetite. Due to its slightly bitter and cold nature, it can also generate fluids and relieve thirst, making it suitable for treating thirst, dry throat, and restlessness caused by damage to both the spleen and stomach qi and yin. Fritillaria bulb also has the effect of clearing heat, dispersing clumps, and reducing swelling, and is therefore used for conditions such as scrofula and carbuncles.

3、绞股蓝与酸枣仁：两药均具有养心安神的作用。用于心悸失眠，健忘多梦，倦怠乏力。然绞股蓝能补益气阴，养心安神，对于案牍劳累，心气不足，心阴亏损，以及劳伤心脾，气血双亏的心悸失眠，健忘多梦，倦怠乏力，尤为适宜。酸枣仁味酸性平，入心肝、胆经，酸枣仁味甘质润，能养心阴、益肝血而宁心安神。主要用于心肝血虚、神失所养引起的失眠、惊悸怔忡等以及肝虚有热或心肾不交、阴虚阳亢所致的虚烦失眠、心悸健忘等。绞股蓝味甘入脾经，能益气健脾，多用于脾胃气虚，体倦乏力，纳食不佳者。因其性偏苦寒，兼能生津止渴，故用治脾胃气阴两伤之口渴、咽干、心烦者，较为适宜。绞股蓝又能益肺气，清肺热，有化痰止咳之效，故常用于气阴两虚，肺中燥热，咳嗽痰黏及肺气虚而痰湿内盛，咳嗽痰多者。酸枣仁酸涩收敛，可收涩止汗，还可用治体虚多汗及自汗盗汗等。
3. Gou Teng (Uncaria rhynchophylla) and Suan Zao Ren (Sour Jujube Seed): Both herbs have the function of nourishing the heart and calming the spirit. They are used for palpitations, insomnia, forgetfulness, excessive dreaming, fatigue, and weakness. Gou Teng can tonify Qi and Yin, nourish the heart, and calm the spirit. It is particularly suitable for cases of overwork leading to deficiency of heart Qi, heart Yin deficiency, spleen damage due to overwork, and dual deficiency of Qi and blood causing palpitations, insomnia, forgetfulness, excessive dreaming, fatigue, and weakness. Suan Zao Ren has a sour and neutral taste, enters the heart, liver, and gallbladder meridians. It has a sweet and moistening quality, can nourish heart Yin, tonify liver blood, and calm the spirit. It is mainly used for insomnia and palpitations caused by deficiency of heart and liver blood, as well as restlessness and forgetfulness caused by liver deficiency with heat, or disharmony between the heart and kidneys, or Yin deficiency with Yang hyperactivity. Gou Teng has a sweet taste and enters the spleen meridian, can tonify Qi and invigorate the spleen. It is often used for spleen and stomach Qi deficiency, physical fatigue, weakness, and poor appetite. Due to its slightly bitter and cold nature, it can also generate fluids to relieve thirst, making it suitable for treating thirst, dry throat, and irritability caused by damage to both the spleen and stomach Qi and Yin. Gou Teng can also tonify lung Qi, clear lung heat, transform phlegm, and stop coughing. Therefore, it is commonly used for deficiency of both Qi and Yin, lung dryness and heat, sticky phlegm cough, and lung Qi deficiency with excessive phlegm dampness and cough with abundant phlegm. Suan Zao Ren has a sour and astringent nature, which can astringe and stop sweating. It can also be used to treat spontaneous sweating due to Qi deficiency and night sweats.

4、绞股蓝与刺五加：两药均有人参样补虚作用。然刺五加既善补脾胃之气以助运化，又可温肾助阳以暖脾土，且兼安神之功，多用于脾肾阳气不足之腰膝酸软，体倦乏力，失眠多梦，食欲不振等。而绞股蓝味甘入脾经，能益气健脾，多用于脾胃气虚，体倦乏力，纳食不佳者。因其性偏苦寒，兼能生津止渴，故用治脾胃气阴两伤之口渴、咽干、心烦者，较为适宜。绞股蓝又能益肺气，清肺热，有化痰止咳之效，故常用于气阴两虚，肺中燥热，咳嗽痰黏及肺气虚而痰湿内盛，咳嗽痰多者。绞股蓝又能补益气阴，养心安神，对于案牍劳累，心气不足，心阴亏损，以及劳伤心脾，气血双亏的心悸失眠，健忘多梦，倦怠乏力，尤为适宜。相关药品
Gentian Scabra and Eleuthero: Both herbs have a similar tonifying effect like ginseng. However, Eleuthero is good at tonifying the Qi of the spleen and stomach to aid digestion, as well as warming the kidney Yang to warm the spleen Earth. It also has the function of calming the spirit and is often used for symptoms such as soreness and weakness in the lower back and knees due to deficiency of spleen and kidney Yang, fatigue, insomnia with many dreams, and poor appetite. On the other hand, Gentian Scabra, with its sweet taste entering the spleen meridian, can tonify Qi and invigorate the spleen. It is commonly used for those with spleen and stomach Qi deficiency, fatigue, and poor appetite. Due to its bitter and cold nature, it can also generate fluids to relieve thirst, making it suitable for treating symptoms of thirst, dry throat, and restlessness caused by damage to both the Qi and Yin of the spleen and stomach. Gentian Scabra can also tonify lung Qi, clear lung heat, transform phlegm, and stop coughing. Therefore, it is often used for conditions of deficiency in both Qi and Yin, lung dryness and heat, sticky phlegm cough, and lung Qi deficiency with excessive phlegm dampness and cough with abundant phlegm. Moreover, Gentian Scabra can tonify Qi and Yin, nourish the heart, and calm the spirit. It is particularly suitable for cases of overwork leading to exhaustion, insufficient heart Qi, deficient heart Yin, as well as heart and spleen damage, dual deficiency of Qi and blood, resulting in palpitations, insomnia, forgetfulness, vivid dreams, fatigue, and weakness.

金复康口服液、绞股蓝总甙片。药膳食疗
Jin Fu Kang Oral Liquid, Gastrodin Tablets. Medicinal diet therapy.

绞股蓝茶：
Blue tansy tea:

1、功效：益气养血、消淤散结、扶正抗癌。用于防治癌症、糖尿病、神衰疲劳、高血脂症等。

1. Functions: Tonifying qi and nourishing blood, resolving stasis and dispersing masses, supporting the body's healthy energy to fight against cancer. It is used for preventing and treating cancer, diabetes, fatigue, and hyperlipidemia.

2、原材料：绞股蓝30-50g，水1000ml。
2. Ingredients: 30-50g of St. John's Wort, 1000ml of water.

3、做法：取绞股蓝加水100ml，煎15分钟，取汁即可。或取绞股蓝15g冲茶至味淡。
Method: Take 100ml of water and boil with 15g of Gou Teng (Uncaria rhynchophylla) for 15 minutes, then strain the liquid. Alternatively, steep 15g of Gou Teng in tea until the taste is light.

4、用法：分多次代茶饮用。加工炮制 采收加工
Usage: Drink the tea several times. Process and prepare after harvesting.

北方1年可采收2次，南方可收3-4次，当植株茎蔓长达3m左右时，选晴天，在距地面15cm处收割，保留3-4片绿叶，以利重新萌发，最后一次可齐地面收割。晾干。保存方法
In the northern regions, the plant can be harvested twice a year, while in the southern regions, it can be harvested 3-4 times. When the stems and vines of the plant reach about 3 meters in length, it is best to harvest on a sunny day, cutting them 15cm above the ground and leaving 3-4 green leaves to facilitate new growth. The final harvest can be done at ground level. After harvesting, dry the plant. Here are some methods for storage.

置通风干燥处。药材鉴别 药材性状
Place in a well-ventilated and dry area. Identification of medicinal herbs and their characteristics.

本品为干燥皱缩的全草，茎纤细灰棕色或暗棕色，表面具纵沟纹，被稀疏毛茸，润湿展开后，叶为复叶，小叶膜质，通常5-7枚，少数9枚，叶柄长2-4cm被糙毛；侧生小叶卵状长圆形或长圆状披针形，中央1枚较大，长4-12cm，宽1-3.5cm；先端渐尖，基部楔形，两面被粗毛，叶缘有锯齿，齿尖具芒。常可见到果实，圆球形，直径约5mm，果梗长3-5mm。味苦，具草腥气。植物学信息 植物种属
This product is the dried whole herb, with thin stems that are gray-brown or dark brown in color, longitudinally grooved on the surface, sparsely hairy, and expand when moistened. The leaves are compound, with membranous leaflets usually numbering 5-7, occasionally 9. The leaflets are ovate to elliptic or lanceolate, with the central one larger, measuring 4-12cm in length and 1-3.5cm in width. They have an acuminate apex, wedge-shaped base, are hairy on both sides, and have serrated margins with awned tips. Fruits are commonly observed, spherical, with a diameter of about 5mm, and a fruit stalk measuring 3-5mm in length. It has a bitter taste and a grassy odor. Botanical information on the plant species.

葫芦科绞股蓝属植物绞股蓝。形态特征
The plant is Echinocystis lobata, a member of the Cucurbitaceae family.

多年生攀缘草本。茎细弱，多分枝，具纵棱和沟槽，无毛或疏被短柔毛。叶互生；叶柄长3-7cm；卷须纤细，2歧，稀单一，无毛或基部被短柔毛；叶片膜质或纸质，鸟足状，具5-9小叶，通常5-7，卵状长圆形或长圆状披针形，中央小叶长3-12cm，宽1.5-4cm，侧生小叶较小，先端急尖或短渐尖，基部渐狭，边缘具波状齿或圆齿状牙齿，上面深绿色，背面淡绿以，两渐狭，边缘具波状齿或圆齿状牙齿，上面深绿以，背面淡绿色，两面均被短硬毛；侧脉6-8对，上面平坦，下面突起，细脉网状。雌雄异株，雄花为圆锥花序，花序穗纤细，多分枝，长10-15（-20）cm，分枝扩展，长3-4（-15）cm，有时基部具小叶，被短柔毛，花梗丝状，长1-4mm；基部具钻状小苞片；花萼筒极短，5裂，裂片三角形；花冠淡绿以，5深裂，裂片卵状披针形，长2.5-3mm，宽约1mm，具1脉，边缘具缘毛状小齿；雄蕊5，联合成柱；雌花为圆锥花序，较雄花小，花萼、花冠均似雄花；子房球形，花柱3短而分叉，柱头2裂，具短小退化雄蕊5。果实球形，径5-6mm，成熟后为黑色，光滑无毛。内含倒垂种子2颗，卵状心形，径约4mm，灰褐色或深褐色，顶端钝，基部心形，压扁状，面具乳突状突起。花期3-11月，果期4-12月。分布区域
Perennial climbing herbaceous plant. The stem is slender and weak, with many branches, longitudinal ridges and grooves, and is either hairless or sparsely covered with short soft hairs. Leaves are alternate; petioles are 3-7cm long; tendrils are slender, 2-forked, rarely single, hairless or with short soft hairs at the base; leaf blades are membranous or papery, resembling bird feet, with 5-9 leaflets, usually 5-7, ovate-oblong or lanceolate, central leaflet 3-12cm long, 1.5-4cm wide, lateral leaflets smaller, acute or shortly acuminate at the apex, gradually narrowing at the base, margins with wavy or rounded teeth, dark green on the upper surface, pale green on the lower surface, both sides covered with short stiff hairs; 6-8 pairs of lateral veins, flat on the upper surface, raised on the lower surface, with a fine reticulate venation. Dioecious, male flowers in cone-shaped spikes, slender spikes, much branched, 10-15 (-20) cm long, branches spreading, 3-4 (-15) cm long, sometimes with small leaflets at the base, covered with short soft hairs, filiform flower stalks, 1-4mm long; base with lanceolate bracts; calyx tube very short, 5-lobed, lobes triangular; corolla pale green, 5 deeply lobed, lobes lanceolate, 2.5-3mm long, about 1mm wide, with 1 vein, margins with fringe-like small teeth; stamens 5, united into a column; female flowers in cone-shaped spikes, smaller than male flowers, calyx and corolla similar to male flowers; ovary globose, style short and forked, stigma 2-lobed, with short degenerate stamens 5. Fruit globose, 5-6mm in diameter, black and smooth when ripe, without hairs. Contains 2 pendulous seeds, ovate-heart-shaped, about 4mm in diameter, gray-brown or dark brown, blunt at the apex, heart-shaped at the base, compressed, with nipple-like projections on the surface. Flowering period from March to November, fruiting period from April to December. Distribution area.

分布于陕西、甘肃和长江以南各地。道地产区
Distributed in various regions south of the Yangtze River, including Shaanxi, Gansu, and other areas. Authentic production area.

主产于广东、云南、四川、福建等地。生长环境
Mainly produced in Guangdong, Yunnan, Sichuan, Fujian and other regions. Growing environment.

生于海拔100-3200m的山谷密林中、山坡疏林下或灌丛中。生长见习
It grows in dense forests, sparse forests on mountain slopes, or in thickets at altitudes of 100-3200 meters.

喜温暖气候。喜阴湿环境、忌烈日直射，耐旱性差。对土壤条件要求不严格，宜选择山地林下或阴坡山谷种植，以肥沃、疏松的砂壤土为好。繁殖方式
Prefers a warm climate. Thrives in a damp and shady environment, dislikes direct exposure to intense sunlight, and has poor drought resistance. Not very demanding on soil conditions, it is suitable for planting in mountainous forest areas or shady slopes in valleys, preferably in fertile and loose sandy loam soil. Reproduction methods.

用种子、根茎分段和茎蔓扦插繁殖。栽培技术
Propagate by seeds, root division, and stem cuttings. Cultivation techniques.

1、种子繁殖：用直播和育苗移栽法。直播法，播期3-4月，按行距40cm开沟条播，覆土1cm。出苗后高15cm时，按株距15-20m间苗、定苗。育苗移栽法，将经浸种的种子在苗床上撒播，苗长出2-3片真叶时，按行株距40cm×m于阴天移栽进大田。
Seed propagation: using direct seeding and seedling transplanting methods. For direct seeding, the sowing period is from March to April. Seeds are sown in furrows with a row spacing of 40cm and covered with 1cm of soil. When the seedlings reach a height of 15cm, they are transplanted with a spacing of 15-20m between plants.For seedling transplanting method, seeds that have been soaked are sown on seedbeds. When the seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves, they are transplanted into the field with a row spacing of 40cm x meters on overcast days.

2、根茎分段繁殖：3-4月，将根茎挖出，剪成长约5cm小段，每段有1-2节，按行株距50cm×30cm开穴，每穴放入1小段，覆土约3cm，1hm2栽45000株左右，栽后及时浇水保湿。
2. Propagation by dividing rhizomes: In March to April, dig out the rhizomes and cut them into small sections about 5cm long, each section having 1-2 nodes. Dig holes with a spacing of 50cm x 30cm, plant one small section in each hole, cover with soil to a depth of about 3cm. Approximately 45,000 plants can be planted per hectare. After planting, water promptly to keep the soil moist.

3、茎蔓扦插繁殖：5-7月，把地上茎蔓剪下成段，每段保留3-4节，去掉下面2节小叶，按行株距10cm×10cm斜插入苗床，浇水保湿，待长出新根和新芽长至10-15cm时，按行株距30m×15cm开穴植入大田。
Stem cutting propagation: From May to July, cut the aboveground stems into sections, leaving 3-4 nodes on each section. Remove the bottom 2 small leaves, and insert the sections diagonally into the seedbed with a row spacing of 10cm x 10cm. Water them to keep moist. When new roots and shoots grow to 10-15cm, transplant them into the field with a row spacing of 30cm x 15cm.

4、田间管理：苗期注意松土除草，勤浇水，遮荫避风。一般可搭2高棚架遮荫，棚下用竹杆插人字形支架，引蔓缠绕生长。在林下种植，不需搭棚架，任其匍匐地面生长或攀缘他物生长。苗期追肥1次，生长盛期追施复合肥2-3次，每次每1hm2施105-180g。平时注意浇水保湿，避免干旱，雨季注意排水防涝。每次收割后都需追肥1次。
Field management: During the seedling stage, pay attention to loosening the soil, weeding, watering frequently, and providing shade and wind protection. Generally, you can set up two high sheds for shading, and under the sheds, insert bamboo poles in a zigzag shape to support the vines for growth. When planting under the forest, there is no need to set up sheds; let the plants grow on the ground or climb on other objects. Apply fertilizer once during the seedling stage, and apply compound fertilizer 2-3 times during the peak growth period, with 105-180g per 1hm2 each time. Pay attention to watering for moisture retention regularly, avoid drought, and ensure drainage and flood prevention during the rainy season. Fertilize once after each harvest.