净鹤草芽:净制鹤草芽
Jing-he-cao-ya: He-cao-ya processed by cleaning.

功效作用 功能
The efficacy and functions.

杀虫。主治
Insecticidal. Used to treat

绦虫病。
Taeniasis.

用法用量
Dosage and Administration

内服：研粉，早晨空腹顿服，30-45g；0.7-0.8g/kg体重。外用：适量，可制阴道栓外用。不良反应
Internal use: Powdered form, taken on an empty stomach in the morning, 30-45g; 0.7-0.8g/kg body weight. External use: Use an appropriate amount, can be made into vaginal suppositories for external use. Adverse reactions.

1、鹤草芽的不良反应轻微，但其提取物及鹤草酚剂可导致不良反应，原因主要是用量过大；另外晨起空腹服用，由于饥饿，加上出汗可致虚脱反应；对本品过敏者可致过敏性休克。

1. The adverse reactions of Hecao sprout are mild, but its extracts and Hecao phenol preparations can lead to adverse reactions, mainly due to excessive dosage. In addition, taking it on an empty stomach in the morning can lead to syncope reactions due to hunger and sweating. Allergic individuals may experience anaphylactic shock.

2、严格掌握服药用量，不宜过量服用。
2. Strictly adhere to the prescribed dosage when taking medication, and avoid taking excessive amounts.

3、注意用法，服药期间忌食油腻食品及饮酒。避免使用蓖麻油导泻，因能增加其毒性，可选用酚酞0.2克导泻。
3. Pay attention to the usage. Avoid consuming greasy food and alcohol during the medication period. Avoid using castor oil as a laxative, as it can increase its toxicity. Instead, you can use 0.2 grams of phenolphthalein as a laxative.

4、中毒反应一般出现于胃肠道反应，停药后可自行缓解。若出现严重视力障碍，可选用大剂量激素、能量合剂、维生素B等治疗。其他不良反应可对症处理。注意事项
4. Poisoning reactions generally manifest as gastrointestinal symptoms, which can resolve on their own after discontinuing the medication. In cases of severe visual impairment, high-dose steroids, energy supplements, and vitamin B may be used for treatment. Other adverse reactions should be treated symptomatically. Pay attention to the following precautions.

1、有效成分不溶于水，不宜入煎剂。
The active ingredient is insoluble in water and is not suitable for decoction.

2、部分病人服药后可见恶心、呕吐、头晕、冷汗等症状，一般可自行缓解。亦有报道，服鹤草芽浸膏引起球后神经炎。化学成分
After taking the medicine, some patients may experience symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and cold sweats, which generally can resolve on their own. There are also reports of He Cao Ya (a type of herb) extract causing post-infectious neuritis. The chemical composition is...

含酸性鹤草酚。近期又从苯提取物和丙酮提取物中分得软脂酸、胡萝卜苷等成分。药理作用
Containing acidic crane grass phenol. Recently, components such as oleic acid and beta-carotene were extracted from benzene and acetone extracts. Pharmacological effects.

1、驱绦虫作用：冬芽及根对绦虫和囊虫均有驱杀作用，其原理可能是它显著和持久地抑制虫体的细胞代谢，切断维持生命的能量供给而致死；同时该药使虫体强烈挛缩，增加能量消耗，会加速虫体死亡，而不是类似胆碱受体样作用。鹤草酚对猪肉绦虫、羊肉绦虫、短小膜壳绦虫及莫氏绦虫有直接杀灭作用。对感染短膜壳绦虫病鼠治愈率为100%。
Anthelmintic effect: Winter buds and roots have a killing effect on both tapeworms and cysticercosis. The principle may be that it significantly and persistently inhibits the cell metabolism of the worms, cutting off the energy supply that maintains life and causing death. At the same time, the medicine causes the worms to contract strongly, increasing energy consumption, which accelerates the death of the worms, rather than acting like acetylcholine receptors. Hecogenin has a direct killing effect on pork tapeworms, beef tapeworms, short membrane tapeworms, and Moniezia tapeworms. The cure rate for mice infected with short membrane tapeworms is 100%.

2、另外，对血吸虫、蛔虫也有驱杀作用，还可抗疟，杀灭精子及阴道滴虫。醇提取物还有一定的抗肿瘤作用。相关论述
In addition, it also has a killing effect on schistosomiasis and roundworms, and can also be used to treat malaria, kill sperm and vaginal trichomonas. The alcohol extract also has a certain anti-tumor effect. This is a related discussion.

1、《本经》：“主邪气热气，疥瘙恶疡，疮痔，去白虫。”
"The Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon": "It treats pathogenic heat, itching, ulcers, sores, and expels intestinal worms."

2、《药性论》：“治浮风瘙痒，杀寸白虫，煎汁洗恶疮。”
2. "Materia Medica: Treats wind-induced itching, kills scabies mites, and uses decoction to wash ulcers."

3、《日华子》：“杀腹脏一切虫，止赤白痢。”
3. "Rihuazi": "Kills all intestinal parasites and stops dysentery with bloody or white stools."

4、《本草图经》：“治蛇毒。”
"Compendium of Materia Medica": "Treatment of snake venom."

5、《全国中草药汇编》：“祛虫。主治绦虫病。”临床应用 临床应用
5. "Compendium of Materia Medica in China: Expelling parasites. Used to treat tapeworm disease." Clinical application.

1、治寸白虫：狼牙五两。捣末，蜜丸如麻子大。宿不食，明旦以浆水下一合，服尽差。（《外台》引《范汪方》）

1. Treatment for roundworms: Take five liang of wolf's teeth, grind them into a fine powder, and roll them into honey pills the size of sesame seeds. On an empty stomach, take them with a bowl of gruel in the morning, and continue until the symptoms improve. (From "Wai Tai" quoting "Fan Wang Fang")

2、治妇人阴中生疮，糜烂痒痛，或痛引腰腹：狼牙50g。水煎去泽，以脱脂棉蘸之，浸洗阴中，早晚各1次。（《金匮要略方义》）
2. To treat sores, erosion, itching, and pain in a woman's genital area, or pain radiating to the lower back and abdomen: Use 50g of wolf's bane. Decoct in water to remove impurities, then use defatted cotton to apply the solution for washing the genital area, once in the morning and once in the evening. (From "Synopsis of the Golden Chamber: Formulas and Strategies")

3、治妇人阴疮，蚀如中烂狼牙五两。以水四升，煮至一升，去滓，水醋一合，更煎一两沸。稍热，以绵蘸汤沥于疮上，及以热绵罨之。日三五度即愈。（《圣惠方》狼牙汤）
To treat vaginal sores in women, use five liang of wolf's bane, and boil it with four sheng of water until it reduces to one sheng. Remove the residue, then add one he of water and vinegar, and boil it again for a short while. When it is slightly warm, dip a cotton cloth in the liquid and apply it to the sores, then cover with a warm cotton cloth. Repeat this treatment three to five times a day until the condition improves. (From "Sheng Hui Fang" - Wolf's Bane Decoction)

4、治绦虫病：（1）取仙鹤草芽，剪去须根，用水焖湿，搓去根茎上的外皮，晒干研末。成人30g，小儿酌减，早晨空腹1次，开水送下（《四川中药志》1979年版）。（2）仙鹤草冬芽石灰水法提取物：成人2.0g，小儿0.6g。同时服酚酞，成人0.5g，小儿0.3g。如以硫酸镁导泻，则需间隔1.5h后服之。（3）仙鹤草冬芽石油醚法提取物：成人1.5-1.7g，小儿1.0-1.3g早晨空腹一次顿服。（2、3方出自《全国中草药汇编》）
4. Treatment of pinworm disease: (1) Take the sprouts of Herba Asari, remove the roots, stew in water until moist, rub off the outer skin of the roots and stems, dry and grind into powder. For adults, take 30g, adjust the dosage for children, and take once on an empty stomach in the morning, followed by a drink of hot water (from "Sichuan Herbal Medicine Records" 1979 edition). (2) Extract of Herba Asari winter buds with lime water method: 2.0g for adults, 0.6g for children. Take with phenolphthalein, 0.5g for adults, 0.3g for children. If using magnesium sulfate for purgation, take the medication 1.5 hours apart. (3) Extract of Herba Asari winter buds with petroleum ether method: 1.5-1.7g for adults, 1.0-1.3g for children, taken once on an empty stomach in the morning (Both (2) and (3) are from "National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines").

5、治小儿头部疖肿：鲜鹤草芽250g，糯米适量煮粥，去渣。加糖顿服（不放油盐），每日1剂，连服3-5剂。（《四川中药志》1979年版）
5. Treatment for abscess on the head of a child: Take 250g of fresh Polygonum aviculare sprouts, cook with a suitable amount of glutinous rice to make porridge, and remove the residue. Add sugar and consume immediately (do not add oil or salt). Take one dose daily, and continue for 3-5 doses. (From "Sichuan Herbal Medicine Records," 1979 edition)

6、治疗囊虫病：用鹤草芽、雷丸、槟榔以杀虫，配伍化痰、散结、补气生血之品组成囊虫消，治疗囊虫病有效［河南中医，1993，13（1）：28］。
Treatment of cysticercosis: Using Herba Hedyotis diffusa, Leiwan, and Betel nut to kill the parasites, combined with phlegm-resolving, mass-dispersing, and qi-tonifying blood-nourishing herbs to form the prescription "Nangchongxiao," which effectively treats cysticercosis [Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1993, 13(1):28].

7、治疗滴虫性阴道炎：用鹤草芽栓剂，每晚睡前置阴道内，10次1疗程，治疗滴虫性阴道炎有效[中华临床中药学.1998.1044]。
7. Treatment of trichomonal vaginitis: Using a suppository of Herba Hedyotis, insert into the vagina before bedtime every night, 10 times for one course of treatment, which is effective for trichomonal vaginitis. [Chinese Journal of Clinical Traditional Chinese Medicine. 1998.1044]

8、此外，临床尚有治疗痢疾、小儿头部疖肿等报道。鉴别用药
In addition, there are clinical reports on the treatment of dysentery, pediatric head abscess, and other conditions. Differential medication should be considered.

鹤草芽与仙鹤草：前者为冬、春季新株萌发前采集的冬芽，后者为夏、秋间，在枝叶茂盛未开花时，割取的全草。鹤草芽具驱杀绦虫，泻下作用，用于治疗绦虫、阴道滴虫病；而仙鹤草味苦涩、性平，归肺、肝、脾经，功能收敛止血、止痢、截疟、解毒杀虫，用治多种出血症、赤白痢疾、疟疾寒热、痈肿疮毒、阴痒带下等。相关药品
Herba Patriniae and Herba Agrimoniae: the former refers to the winter buds collected before the new shoots emerge in winter and spring, while the latter refers to the whole plant harvested during the summer and autumn when the branches and leaves are lush but have not yet flowered. Herba Patriniae has the functions of expelling and killing pinworms, as well as promoting bowel movements. It is used to treat pinworms and vaginal trichomoniasis. On the other hand, Herba Agrimoniae has a bitter and astringent taste, with a neutral nature. It enters the lung, liver, and spleen meridians, and functions to astringe to stop bleeding, alleviate diarrhea, treat malaria, and detoxify and kill parasites. It is used to treat various bleeding disorders, dysentery, malaria with chills and fever, carbuncles, sores, and toxic swellings, as well as vaginal itching and abnormal vaginal discharge. These are related to traditional Chinese medicine.

鹤草芽栓。加工炮制 采收加工
Herba Agrimoniae suppository. Processing and preparation: collection and processing.

冬、春季新株萌发前挖取根茎，除去老根茎，留幼芽（带小根茎），洗净晒干，或低温烘干。保存方法
In winter and spring, the roots and rhizomes should be dug up before the new shoots emerge. Remove the old rhizomes and leave the young buds (with small rhizomes), wash them clean, dry them in the sun, or dry them at low temperatures. This is the method for preservation.

置通风干燥处。药材鉴别 药材性状
Place in a well-ventilated and dry area. Medicinal material identification and medicinal material properties.

本品呈圆锥形，中上部常弯曲，全长2-6cm，直径0.5-1cm，顶部包以数枚浅棕色膜质芽鳞。根茎短缩，圆柱形，长1-3cm，表面棕褐色，有紧密环状节，节上生有棕黑色退化鳞叶，根茎下部有时残存少数不定根。根牙质脆易碎，折断后断面平坦，黄白色。气微，略有豆腥气，味先微甜而后涩苦。植物学信息 植物种属
This product is conical in shape, with the upper part often curved, measuring 2-6cm in length and 0.5-1cm in diameter. The top is covered with several light brown membranous bud scales. The rhizome is short and cylindrical, 1-3cm long, with a brown surface and closely spaced annular nodes. There are brown-black degenerate scales on the nodes, and occasionally a few adventitious roots remain at the lower part of the rhizome. The root is brittle and easily broken, with a flat, yellow-white cross-section after breaking. It has a slight odor, with a slight bean-like smell, and a taste that is initially slightly sweet and then astringent and bitter. Botanical information: Plant species.

蔷薇科龙牙草属植物龙牙草。形态特征
The plant Longya grass belongs to the Rosaceae family and the Potentilla genus. Its morphological characteristics include...

多年生草木，高30-120cm。根茎短，基部常有1或数个地下芽。茎被疏柔毛及短柔毛，稀下部被疏长硬毛。奇数羽状复叶互生；托叶镰形，稀卵形，先端急尖或渐尖，边缘有锐锯齿或裂片，稀全缘；小叶有大小2种，相间生于叶轴上，较大的小叶3-4对，稀2对，向上减少至3小叶，小叶几无柄，倒卵形至倒卵状披针形，长1.5-5cm，宽1-2.5cm，先端急尖至圆钝，稀渐尖，基部楔形，边缘有急尖到圆钝锯齿，上面绿色，被疏柔毛，下面淡绿色，脉上伏生疏柔毛，稀脱落无毛，有显著腺点。总状花序单一或2-3个生于茎顶，花序轴被柔毛，花梗长1-5mm，被柔毛；苞片通常3深裂，裂片带形，小苞片对生，卵形，全缘或边缘分裂；花直径6-9mm，萼片5，三角卵形；花瓣5，长圆形，黄色；雄蕊5-15；花柱2，丝状，柱头头状。瘦果倒卵圆锥形，外面有10条肋，被疏柔毛，先端有数层钩刺，幼时直立，成熟时向内先靠合，连钩刺长7-8mm，最宽处直径约3-4mm。花果期5-12月。分布区域
Perennial herbaceous plants, 30-120cm tall. The rhizome is short, with 1 or several underground buds at the base. The stem is sparsely covered with soft hairs and short hairs, and sparsely covered with long, stiff hairs at the lower part. Odd-pinnate compound leaves are opposite; the stipules are sickle-shaped, occasionally ovate, with acute or gradually acute tips, serrated or lobed margins, occasionally entire; the leaflets come in two sizes, alternating on the leaf axis, with 3-4 pairs of larger leaflets, occasionally 2 pairs, decreasing to 3 leaflets upwards, nearly sessile, inverted ovate to inverted ovate-lanceolate, 1.5-5cm long, 1-2.5cm wide, with acute to obtuse tips, occasionally gradually acute, cuneate bases, serrated margins from acute to obtuse, green on the upper surface, sparsely hairy, pale green on the lower surface, sparsely hairy on the veins, occasionally glabrous, with prominent glandular dots. Racemes are solitary or 2-3 at the apex of the stem, with a raceme axis covered with soft hairs, 1-5mm long pedicels, and soft hairs; bracts usually 3 deeply lobed, lobes strap-shaped, small bracts opposite, ovate, entire or marginally divided; flowers 6-9mm in diameter, with 5 triangular-ovate sepals, 5 oblong petals, yellow; 5-15 stamens; 2 filiform styles, with head-shaped stigmas. The achene is inverted ovate-conical, with 10 ribs on the outside, sparsely hairy, with several layers of hooked spines at the apex, erect when young, and inwardly appressed when mature, with hooked spines about 7-8mm long, and a diameter of about 3-4mm at the widest point. Flowering and fruiting period is from May to December. Distribution area.

我国南北各地均有分布。道地产区
They are distributed in various regions across the country, both in the north and the south. Genuine production areas.

全国大部分地区均有分布。生长环境
Distributed in most parts of the country. Growing environment

生于溪边、路旁、草地、灌丛、林缘及疏林下。生长见习
Born by the stream, roadside, grassland, shrubbery, forest edge, and sparse woodland. It grows in a probationary manner.

对气候的适应性较强，能耐严寒。一般土壤都可种植，在比较肥沃的砂质壤土上种植可提高产量。多雨，高温的7-8月份生长较快。繁殖方式
It has strong adaptability to the climate and can withstand severe cold. It can be grown in general soil, and planting in fertile sandy loam can increase the yield. It grows faster in the rainy and hot months of July and August. As for its reproductive method, it varies.

用种子或分根繁殖。栽培技术
Propagate by seeds or division of roots. Cultivation techniques.

1、种子繁殖：春播南方3月下旬，北方4月中旬、下旬；秋播，南方9月下旬至10月上旬；北方于10月下旬至11月上旬地冻前。在整好的地上作1.3m平畦，条播按行距30-40cm开1-2cm深的沟，将种子均匀撒入沟内，覆薄土，稍稹压、浇水，保持湿润，盖草保温。播后10-15d出苗，苗高8-12cm时，可带土移栽定植。
Seed breeding: In the southern regions, seeds are sown in late March, and in the northern regions, in mid to late April for spring planting; for autumn planting, in the southern regions, seeds are sown from late September to early October, and in the northern regions, from late October to early November before the ground freezes. Prepare the land into 1.3m wide flat ridges, sow the seeds in rows with 30-40cm spacing and 1-2cm deep furrows, cover the seeds with a thin layer of soil, lightly press and water, keep the soil moist, and cover with grass for insulation. Seedlings will emerge in 10-15 days after sowing, and when they reach a height of 8-12cm, they can be transplanted with soil.

2、分根繁殖：春，秋两季均可进行，将根挖出劈开，每根带2-3个根芽，及时栽种。栽时将芽露地面，栽后浇水，出苗率可达95%以上。
2. Propagation by division: This method can be carried out in both spring and autumn. The roots are dug out and divided, with 2-3 root buds on each section, and then promptly planted. When planting, the buds should be exposed above the ground, and watered after planting. The emergence rate can reach over 95%.

3、田间管理：苗高3-5cm时间苗、补苗，拔去过密的弱苗，苗高15cm时按株距15cm定苗。结合松土进行锄草，苗封垅后不再松土，有草及时拔掉。为增加产量定苗期可施氮肥，人粪尿，适当增施磷、钾肥，以促进根的生长。病虫防治
3. Field management: When the seedlings reach a height of 3-5cm, it is time for thinning and replanting. Remove overcrowded and weak seedlings. When the seedlings reach a height of 15cm, they should be spaced 15cm apart. Combine loosening the soil with weeding. After hilling the seedlings, do not loosen the soil anymore, and promptly remove any weeds. To increase yield, nitrogen fertilizer, human excrement and urine can be applied during the designated period for planting, and additional phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied appropriately to promote root growth. Disease and pest control.

长期阴雨条件下病害主要有立枯病、锈病等，可用50%多菌灵800倍液喷治。虫害主要有苗期蚜虫。
Under long-term rainy conditions, the main diseases include root rot and rust, which can be treated with a 50% carbendazim 800-fold dilution spray. The main pests are aphids in the seedling stage.