云杉球果，中药名。为松科植物云杉PiceaasperataMast.、青海云杉PiceacrassifoliaKom.、大果青杆PiceaneoveitchiiMast.、青杆PiceawilsoniiMast.的球果。云杉分布于陕西、甘肃、四川等地；青海云杉分布于内蒙古、甘肃、青海、宁夏等地；大果青杆分布于陕西、甘肃、湖北等地；青杆分布于湖北及陕西、甘肃、湖北、四川等地。本品为保护植物。具有化痰，止咳之功效。用于久咳，痰喘。
Yun-shan-qiu-guo, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the cone of the spruce plants including Picea asperata Mast., Picea crassifolia Kom., Picea neoveitchii Mast., and Picea wilsonii Mast. Spruce is distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, and other areas; Qinghai spruce is distributed in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, and other areas; Picea neoveitchii is distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, Hubei, and other areas; Picea wilsonii is distributed in Hubei, Shaanxi, Gansu, Hubei, Sichuan, and other areas. This product is a protected plant. It has the functions of resolving phlegm and relieving cough, and is used for chronic cough and phlegm-induced asthma.

功效作用 功能
The efficacy and function.

化痰，止咳。主治
Resolve phlegm, stop coughing. Mainly used for treating...

用于久咳，痰喘。用法用量
Used for chronic cough and phlegm-induced wheezing. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，6-15g。相关论述
Internal administration: Decoction, 6-15g. Relevant discussion.

《新华本草纲要》：“内蒙古用作代松入药，用松节、松叶等，功效参见油松。”临床应用 相关配伍
"Compendium of Materia Medica": "Inner Mongolia uses the substitute for pine as medicine, using pine knots, pine needles, etc., with similar effects as the oil pine." Clinical application and related compatibility.

治支气管炎咳嗽：青海云杉果适量。煎水内服。（《中国民族民间药食大全》）加工炮制 采收加工
Treatment for bronchitis cough: Take a moderate amount of Qinghai spruce fruit, decoct and take orally. (From "Complete Collection of Chinese National Folk Medicine and Food") Processing and preparation: Harvest and process.

秋季球果开始成熟时采摘，晒干备用。植物学信息 植物种属
Harvest the mature fruits of the autumn when they begin to ripen, and then dry them for later use. Botanical information: plant species.

松科云杉属云杉、青海云杉、大果青杆、青杆形态特征
The spruce fir genus includes spruce, Qinghai spruce, large-fruited spruce, and the morphological characteristics of Qinghai spruce.

云杉又名茂县云杉、茂县杉、异鳞云杉、大果云杉、白松，乔木，高达45米，胸径达1米；树皮淡灰褐色或淡褐灰色，裂成不规则鳞片或稍厚的块片脱落；小枝有疏生或密生的短柔毛，或无毛，一年生时淡褐黄色、褐黄色、淡黄褐色或淡红褐色，叶枕有白粉，或白粉不明显，二、三年生时灰褐色，褐色或淡褐灰色；冬芽圆锥形，有树脂，基部膨大，上部芽鳞的先端微反曲或不反曲，小枝基部宿存芽鳞的先端多少向外反卷。主枝之叶辐射伸展，侧枝上面之叶向上伸展，下面及两侧之叶向上方弯伸，四棱状条形，长1-2厘米，宽1-1.5毫米，微弯曲，先端微尖或急尖，横切面四棱形，四面有气孔线，上面每边4-8条，下面每边4-6条。球果圆柱状矩圆形或圆柱形，上端渐窄，成熟前绿色，熟时淡褐色或栗褐色，长5-16厘米，径2.5-3.5厘米；中部种鳞倒卵形，长约2厘米，宽约1.5厘米，上部圆或截圆形则排列紧密，或上部钝三角形则排列较松，先端全缘，或球果基部或中下部种鳞的先端两裂或微凹；苞鳞三角状匙形，长约5毫米；种子倒卵圆形，长约4毫米，连翅长约1.5厘米，种翅淡褐色，倒卵状矩圆形；子叶6-7枚，条状锥形，长1.4-2厘米，初生叶四棱状条形，长0.5-1.2厘米，先端尖，四面有气孔线，全缘或隆起的中脉上部有齿毛。花期4-5月，球果9-10月成熟。青海云杉乔木，高达23米，胸径30-60厘米；一年生嫩枝淡绿黄色，有或多或少的短毛，或几无毛至无毛，干后或二年生小枝呈粉红色或淡褐黄色，稀呈黄色，通常有明显或微明显的白粉（尤以叶枕顶端的白粉显著），或无白粉，老枝呈淡褐色、褐色或灰褐色；冬芽圆锥形，通常无树脂，基部芽鳞有隆起的纵脊，小枝基部宿存芽鳞的先端常开展或反曲。叶较粗，四棱状条形，近辐射伸展，或小枝上面之叶直上伸展，下面及两侧之叶向上弯伸，多少弯曲或直，长1.2-3.5厘米，宽2-3毫米，先端钝，或具钝尖头，横切面四棱形，稀两侧扁，四面有气孔线，上面每边5-7条，下面每边4-6条。球果圆柱形或矩圆状圆柱形，长7-11厘米，径2-3.5厘米，成熟前种鳞背部露出部分绿色，上部边缘紫红色；中部种鳞倒卵形，长约1.8厘米,宽约1.5厘米，先端圆，边缘全缘或微成波状，微向内曲，基部宽楔形；苞鳞短小，三角状匙形，长约4毫米；种子斜倒卵圆形，长约3.5毫米，连翅长约1.3厘米，种翅倒卵状，淡褐色，先端圆.花期4-5月，球果9-10月成熟。大果青杆又名青杆杉、紫树、瓜松。乔木，高8-15米，胸径50厘米；树皮灰色，裂成鳞状块片脱落；一年生枝较粗，淡黄色或微带褐色，无毛，二、三年生枝灰色或淡黄灰色，老枝灰色或暗灰色；冬芽卵圆形或圆锥状卵圆形，微有树脂，芽鳞淡紫褐色，排列紧密，小枝基部宿存芽鳞的先端紧贴小枝，不斜展。小枝上面之叶向上伸展，两侧及下面之叶向上弯伸，四棱状条形，两侧扁，横级面纵斜方形（即高度大于宽度），或近方形（高度与宽度几相等），常弯曲，长1.5-2.5厘米，宽约2毫米，先端锐尖，四边有气孔线，上面每边5-7条，下面每边4条。球果矩圆状圆柱形或卵状圆柱形，长8-14厘米，径宽5-6.5厘米，通常两端窄缩，或近基部微宽，成熟前绿色，有树脂，成熟时淡褐色或褐色，稀带黄绿色；种鳞宽大，宽倒卵状五角形，斜方状卵形或倒三角状宽卵形，先端宽圆或微成三角状，边缘薄，有细缺齿或近全缘，中部种鳞长约2.7厘米，宽2.7-3厘米；苞鳞短小，长约5毫米；种子倒卵圆形，长5-6毫米，宽约3.5毫米，种翅宽大，倒卵状，上部宽圆，宽约1厘米，连同种子长约1.6厘米。青杆又名细叶松、方叶杉、细叶云杉、刺儿松、黑杆松、白杆松、紫木树、红毛杉，乔木，高达50米，胸径达1.3米；树皮灰色或暗灰色，裂成不规则鳞状块片脱落；枝条近平展，树冠塔形；一年生枝淡黄绿色或淡黄灰色，无毛，稀有疏生短毛，二、三年生枝淡灰色、灰色或淡褐灰色；冬芽卵圆形，无树脂，芽鳞排列紧密，淡黄褐色或褐色，先端钝，背部无纵脊，光滑无毛，小枝基部宿存芽鳞的先端紧贴小枝。叶排列较密，在小枝上部向前伸展，小枝下面之叶向两侧伸展，四棱状条形，直或微弯，较短，通常长0.8-1.3（-1.8)厘米，宽1.2-1.7毫米，先端尖，横切面四棱形或扁菱形，四面各有气孔线4-6条，微具白粉。球果卵状圆柱形或圆柱状长卵圆形，成熟前绿色，熟时黄褐色或淡褐色，长5-8厘米，径2.5-4厘米；中部种鳞倒卵形，长1.4-1.7厘米，宽1-1.4厘米，先端圆或有急尖头，或呈钝三角形，或具突起截形之尖头，基部宽楔形，鳞背露出部分无明显的槽纹，较平滑;苞鳞匙状矩圆形，先端钝圆，长约4毫米；种子倒卵圆形，长3-4毫米，连翅长1.2-1.5厘米，种翅倒宽披针形，淡褐色，先端圆；子叶6-9枚，条状钻形，长1.5-2厘米，棱上有极细的齿毛；初生叶四棱状条形,长0.4-1.3厘米，先端有渐尖的长尖头，中部以上有整齐的细齿毛。花期4月，球果10月成熟。分布区域
The fir tree, also known as Maofeng fir, Maofeng spruce, Picea brachytyla, large-fruited fir, and white pine, is a tall tree that can reach up to 45 meters in height and 1 meter in diameter at breast height. The bark is light gray-brown or light brown-gray, and it peels off in irregular scales or slightly thick pieces. The twigs are sparsely or densely covered with short, soft hairs, or they may be hairless. In the first year, they are light brown-yellow, brown-yellow, light yellow-brown, or light red-brown. The leaf cushions have white powder, or the white powder is not obvious. In the second and third years, they are gray-brown, brown, or light brown-gray. The cones are cylindrical, rectangular, or cylindrical in shape, tapering towards the top, and are green before maturing, turning light brown or chestnut brown when ripe. They measure 5-16 cm in length and 2.5-3.5 cm in diameter. The seeds are oblong-ovate, about 4 mm long, with wings about 1.5 cm long. The cones have a green portion exposed before maturation, and the upper edges turn purple-red. The fir tree blooms in April and the cones mature in October. The Qinghai fir tree can grow up to 23 meters in height and 30-60 cm in diameter at breast height. The young branches are light green-yellow, with more or less short hairs, or nearly hairless to hairless. When dry or in the second year, the small branches turn pink or light brown-yellow, sometimes yellow, and usually have distinct or slightly distinct white powder (especially noticeable at the top of the leaf cushions), or no white powder. The cones are cylindrical or rectangular-cylindrical, measuring 7-11 cm in length and 2-3.5 cm in diameter. The seeds are obliquely ovate, about 3.5 mm long, with wings about 1.3 cm long. The cones of the large-fruited Qinggan, also known as Qinggan fir, purple tree, and melon pine, are cylindrical or oval-cylindrical, measuring 8-14 cm in length and 5-6.5 cm in width. They are green before maturing, with resin, and turn light brown or brown when ripe, sometimes with a yellow-green color. The seeds are oblong-ovate, about 5-6 mm long, with wings about 1 cm wide, and together with the seeds, they measure about 1.6 cm in length. The Qinggan, also known as the thin-leaf pine, square-leaf spruce, thin-leaf fir, prickly pine, black-stemmed pine, white-stemmed pine, purple wood tree, and red-haired spruce, can grow up to 50 meters in height and 1.3 meters in diameter at breast height. The bark is gray or dark gray, and it peels off in irregular scales. The branches are nearly flat, and the crown is conical. The young branches are light yellow-green or light yellow-gray, hairless, or sparsely covered with short hairs. In the second and third years, the branches are light gray, gray, or light brown-gray. The cones are oval-cylindrical, green before maturing, and turn yellow-brown or light brown when ripe, measuring 5-8 cm in length and 2.5-4 cm in diameter. The fir tree blooms in April, and the cones mature in October. This species is distributed in... (the text ends abruptly here)

云杉分布于陕西、甘肃、四川等地；青海云杉分布于内蒙古、甘肃、青海、宁夏等地；大果青杆分布于陕西、甘肃、湖北等地；青杆分布于湖北及陕西、甘肃、湖北、四川等地。生长环境
The distribution of spruce trees includes Shaanxi, Gansu, and Sichuan; Qinghai spruce is found in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, and other areas; large-fruited blue spruce is distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, and Hubei; blue spruce is found in Hubei, Shaanxi, Gansu, Hubei, and Sichuan. These trees grow in various environments.

云杉生于海拔2400-3600m的针叶林下，或成纯林。分布于陕西、甘肃、四川等地。青海云杉生于海拔1600-3800m的山谷与阴坡。分布于内蒙古、甘肃、青海、宁夏等地。大果青杆生于海拔1300-2000m的林中或岩缝。分布于陕西、甘肃、湖北等地。青杆生于海拔1700-2800m的针阔叶混交林中。分布于华北及陕西、甘肃、湖北、四川等地。
The fir tree grows in coniferous forests at an altitude of 2400-3600 meters, or forms pure forests. It is distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, and other areas. The Qinghai fir grows in mountain valleys and shady slopes at an altitude of 1600-3800 meters, and is distributed in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, and other areas. The large-fruited green stem fir grows in forests or rock crevices at an altitude of 1300-2000 meters, and is distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, Hubei, and other areas. The green stem fir grows in mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests at an altitude of 1700-2800 meters, and is distributed in North China, as well as in Shaanxi, Gansu, Hubei, and Sichuan.