紫珠，中药名。为马鞭草科紫珠属植物杜虹花Callicarpa formosana Rolfe或紫珠C.bodinieri levl.的叶。具有凉血收敛止血，清热解毒的功效。主治肺、胃等各种内外出血证，及痈肿疮毒，水火烫伤等。
Zi-zhu, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It refers to the leaves of the plant Callicarpa formosana Rolfe or C. bodinieri levl. in the Verbenaceae family. It has the effects of cooling blood, astringent to stop bleeding, clearing heat, and detoxification. It is mainly used for various internal and external bleeding conditions, as well as abscesses, swelling, sores, burns, and scalds.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

收敛止血，清热解毒。主治
Astringent to stop bleeding, clear heat and detoxify. Used to treat...

1、主要用于肺、胃等各种内外出血证，及痈肿疮毒，水火烫伤等。2、西医诊为拔牙后出血、上消化道出血属肺胃有热出血，化脓性皮肤溃疡、妇女阴道炎属热毒蕴盛者。用法用量

1. Mainly used for various internal and external bleeding disorders related to the lungs, stomach, etc., as well as for abscesses, swellings, ulcers, and burns. 2. In Western medicine, bleeding after tooth extraction, upper gastrointestinal bleeding indicating heat-related bleeding of the lungs and stomach, pyogenic skin ulcers, and vaginal infections in women are considered as cases of excessive accumulation of heat toxins. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，10-15g，鲜品30-60g；或研末，1.5-3g。每日1-3次。外用：鲜品捣敷；或研末撒。注意事项
Internal use: Decoction, 10-15g dried herb or 30-60g fresh herb; or powder, 1.5-3g. Take 1-3 times daily. External use: Apply fresh herb poultice; or sprinkle with powder. Precautions.

紫珠注射液可引起过敏性休克。化学成分
Zizhu Injection can cause anaphylactic shock. Chemical composition.

含氨基酸、酚类、鞣质、还原性物质、苷类、黄酮和内酯等。药理作用
Containing amino acids, phenols, tannins, reducing substances, glycosides, flavonoids, and lactones, etc. Pharmacological effects.

1、对血液系统的影响：紫珠可使局部血管收缩，缩短凝血时间及凝血酶原时间，对纤溶系统有显著的抑制作用。2、抗菌作用：煎液对金黄色葡萄球菌、白色葡萄球菌、链球菌、大肠杆菌、福氏痢疾杆菌、伤寒杆菌、绿脓杆菌等均有抑制作用。毒理作用

1. Effects on the circulatory system: Zi Zhu can cause local blood vessel constriction, shorten blood clotting time and prothrombin time, and have a significant inhibitory effect on the fibrinolytic system.2. Antibacterial effects: The decoction has inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus albus, Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc. Toxic effects.

家兔腹腔注射止血剂量5倍的紫珠草溶液200mg（生药）/kg，未见异常改变。以铅盐法所得的紫珠水溶液小鼠静脉注射的LD50为237.5mg/kg。相关论述
The abdominal injection of 5 times the dose of purple gromwell solution (200mg/kg, crude drug) in rabbits did not show any abnormal changes. The LD50 of the purple gromwell aqueous solution obtained by the lead salt method for intravenous injection in mice is 237.5mg/kg. This is the relevant discussion.

1、《本草拾遗》：解诸毒物，痈疽，喉痹，飞尸蛊毒，毒肿，下瘘，蛇虺、虫螫、狂犬毒，并煮汁服；亦煮汁洗疮肿，除血长肤。2、《植物名实图考》：洗疮毒。治陡发头肿、头风，温酒服，煎水洗之。又治跌打损伤，去风湿。临床应用 临床应用

1. "Compendium of Materia Medica": It resolves various toxic substances, boils, throat obstruction, necrosis caused by corpse poison, toxic swellings, anal fistulas, snake bites, insect stings, and rabies. It is taken by boiling and drinking the juice. The juice can also be used to wash ulcers and swellings, promoting blood circulation and skin regeneration.2. "Illustrated Handbook of Plant Names and Their Realities": It is used to wash toxic ulcers. It treats sudden onset of head swelling, cephalalgia, by drinking warm wine and washing with decoction. It also treats bruises and injuries, dispelling wind and dampness. Clinical applications.

治咯血、衄血、呕血，可与大蓟、白及等同用；治尿血、血淋，可与小蓟、白茅根等同用；治便血、痔血，可与地榆、槐花等同用；治外伤出血，可单用捣敷或研末敷掺，或以纱布浸紫珠液覆盖压迫局部。相关配伍
For treating hemoptysis, epistaxis, and hematemesis, one can use Da Ji (大蓟) and Bai Ji (白及) together; for treating hematuria and hematuria, one can use Xiao Ji (小蓟) and Bai Mao Gen (白茅根) together; for treating hematochezia and bleeding hemorrhoids, one can use Di Yu (地榆) and Huai Hua (槐花) together; for treating external bleeding from injuries, one can apply a poultice of mashed or powdered herbs, or soak gauze in Zi Zhu Ye (紫珠液) and cover the affected area with pressure. These are related herbal combinations.

紫珠配地榆：紫珠性凉泄热、味涩收敛，主人肝经血分，具有清热凉血，收敛止血的作用；地榆味苦沉降，酸涩收敛，微寒清热，具有清热凉血，收敛止血之功。两药配伍具有凉血止血，解毒疗疮的功效。适用于各种出血证及痈肿疮毒，水火烫伤。鉴别用药
Purple Pearl with Common Knotgrass: Purple Pearl has a cooling nature to clear heat, with a bitter and astringent taste that can tonify the liver meridian and blood, possessing the functions of clearing heat, cooling blood, and stopping bleeding; Common Knotgrass has a bitter taste that can descend and consolidate, with a sour and astringent quality that is slightly cold to clear heat, cool blood, and stop bleeding. The combination of these two herbs has the effects of cooling blood and stopping bleeding, detoxifying, and treating sores. It is suitable for various bleeding disorders, abscesses, ulcers, and burns. Differentiate the use of these herbs.

紫珠与白及：二药均苦涩，同属收敛止血药，同可用治各种内外出血证，以治肺胃出血者为宜。二药均具有解毒敛疮之功，同可用于烧烫伤，痈肿疮毒。然白及以消肿生肌为主，治疮疡痈肿，初起者可消痈散结，若痈肿以已溃，久不收口者，可生肌敛疮；紫珠以清热解毒敛疮为主，主治热毒疮疡，毒蛇咬伤。相关药品
Purple Pearl and White Atractylodes: Both herbs are bitter and astringent, belonging to the category of hemostatic herbs that can be used to treat various internal and external bleeding conditions, especially suitable for treating pulmonary and gastric bleeding. Both herbs have the functions of detoxification and wound healing, and can be used for burns, scalds, abscesses, and ulcers. However, White Atractylodes is mainly used for reducing swelling and promoting tissue regeneration, treating ulcers and abscesses. It can disperse and resolve early-stage abscesses, and for those with long-standing unhealed abscesses, it can promote tissue regeneration and wound healing. Purple Pearl, on the other hand, is mainly used for clearing heat, detoxification, and wound healing, especially for treating heat-toxin ulcers, and snake bites. These are related herbal medicines.

紫珠止血液、痔炎消颗粒。加工炮制 采收加工
Zizhu Hemostatic Granules, Hemorrhoid Inflammation-Reducing Granules. Processing method: collection and processing.

7-8月采收，晒干。炮制方法
Harvest in July and August, then sun-dry. Processing method.

取原药材，除去杂质、残留枝梢及枯叶，抢水洗净，切丝，晒干。保存方法
Take the original medicinal herbs, remove impurities, residual branches and withered leaves, rinse with water, cut into shreds, and sun dry. Methods for storage.

贮干容器内，置通风干燥处。药材鉴别 鉴别
Store the dried herbs in a container in a well-ventilated and dry place. Herb identification.

1、本品粉末灰黄色至棕褐色。非腺毛有两种：一种为星状毛，大多碎断，木化，完整者1至数轮，每轮1-6侧生细胞；另一种非腺毛1-3细胞，直径25-33μm，壁较厚。腺鳞头部8-11细胞，扁球形，柄极短。小腺毛头部2-4细胞，柄1-2细胞。草酸钙簇晶细小，散布于叶肉细胞中。2、取本品粉末1g，加乙醚30ml加热回流30分钟，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加甲醇2ml使溶解，取上清液作为供试品溶液。另取熊果酸对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含1mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取供试品溶液3-5μl、对照品溶液3μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以环己烷-三氯甲烷-乙酸乙酯-冰醋酸（20：15：8：0.1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以10%硫酸乙醉溶液，在105℃加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。药材性状

1. The powder of this product is grayish-yellow to brown. There are two types of non-glandular trichomes: one is star-shaped, mostly fragmented, lignified, with 1 to several rounds of intact cells, each round having 1-6 lateral cells; the other type of non-glandular trichomes has 1-3 cells with a diameter of 25-33μm and thicker walls. The head of glandular scales consists of 8-11 cells, flattened and spherical, with a very short stalk. The head of small glandular trichomes has 2-4 cells, with a stalk of 1-2 cells. Calcium oxalate cluster crystals are small and scattered in the leaf mesophyll cells. 2. Take 1g of the powder of this product, add 30ml of ether, heat reflux for 30 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 2ml of methanol, and take the supernatant as the test solution. Take Ursolic acid as the reference standard, prepare a solution containing 1mg per 1ml in methanol as the reference solution. Perform thin-layer chromatography (TLC) test according to the general method 0502: spot 3-5μl of the test solution and 3μl of the reference solution on the same silica gel G TLC plate, use a mobile phase of cyclohexane-chloroform-ethyl acetate-acetic acid (20:15:8:0.1), develop, take out, air dry, and spray with a 10% sulfuric acid-ethanol solution, heat at 105°C until the spots are clearly visible. In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots of the same color appear at corresponding positions as in the chromatogram of the reference standard. Characteristics of the medicinal material.

杜虹花叶：多皱缩卷曲，有的破碎。完整叶片展平后呈卵状椭圆形，长4-19cm，宽2.5-gcm；先端渐尖或钝圆，基部宽楔形或钝圆，边缘有细锯齿，近基部全缘，上表面灰绿色或棕绿色，在扩大镜下可见星状毛和短粗毛，下表面淡绿色或淡棕绿色，被棕黄色分枝茸毛，主脉和侧脉突起，侧脉8-12对，小脉伸入齿端；叶柄长0.5-1.5cm。嫩枝灰黄色，有时可见细小白色点状的皮孔。气微，味微苦涩。饮片性状
Duhonghua leaves: wrinkled and curled, some are broken. The complete leaf is ovate-elliptic when spread out, 4-19cm long, 2.5-9cm wide; apex gradually acute or obtuse, base broadly cuneate or obtuse, margin finely serrate, nearly entire near the base, upper surface grayish-green or brownish-green, visible under a magnifying glass with star-shaped hairs and short coarse hairs, lower surface pale green or pale brownish-green, covered with brownish-yellow branched pubescence, main vein and lateral veins raised, 8-12 pairs of lateral veins, small veins extending to the teeth; petiole 0.5-1.5cm long. Young branches are grayish-yellow, sometimes with tiny white dot-like pores. Slightly fragrant, slightly bitter and astringent taste. Characteristics of medicinal slices.

参见药材性状。植物学信息 植物种属
Refer to the characteristics of medicinal materials. Botanical information, plant species.

马鞭草科紫珠属植物杜虹花、紫珠。形态特征
The morphological characteristics of the plants in the Labiatae family, Salvia genus, include the Du Hong Hua and Zi Zhu.

1、杜虹花：灌木，高1-3m，小枝、叶柄和花序均密被灰黄色星状毛和分枝毛。单叶对生，叶脉粗壮，长1-2.5cm；叶片卵状椭圆形或椭圆形，长6-15cm，宽3-8cm，先端渐尖，基部钝圆或截形，边缘有细锯齿，表面被短硬毛，背面被灰黄色星状毛和细小黄色腺点；侧脉8-12对。聚伞花序腋生，4-7次分歧，花序梗长1.5-2.5cm；具细小苞片；花萼杯状，被灰黄色星状毛。萼齿钝三角形；花冠紫色至淡紫色，无毛，长约2.5mm，裂片4，钝圆，长约1mm；雄蕊4，长约5mm；子房无毛。果实近球形，紫色，径约2mm。花期5-7月，果期8-11月。2、紫珠：灌木，高1-3m。小枝灰黄色，圆柱形，被星状毛。单叶对生；叶柄长1-2cm；叶片纸质，宽椭圆形，长5-15cm ,宽2-7cm，先端渐尖，基部楔形或下延成狭楔形，边缘有锯齿，表面黄绿色，稍有毛，背面淡绿色，疏被星状毛和细小黄色腺点；侧脉8-10对。聚伞花序腋生，宽2-3cm，4-5次分歧，被星状毛；花萼钟状，长约1.5cm，疏被星状毛，后脱落，有黄色腺点，萼齿钝三角形；花冠紫色，长约3mm，稍有毛，具黄色腺点；雄蕊4，药隔具黄色腺点；子房被毛。果实球形，紫色，初被星状毛，熟时无色，径约2.5-4mm。花期5-6月，果期7-11月。分布区域

1. Du Hong Hua: A shrub, 1-3m tall, with small branches, petioles, and inflorescences densely covered with gray-yellow star-shaped hairs and branched hairs. Leaves are opposite, with thick veins, 1-2.5cm long; leaf blades are ovate-elliptic or elliptic, 6-15cm long, 3-8cm wide, gradually pointed at the apex, obtuse or truncate at the base, finely serrated margins, short stiff hairs on the surface, gray-yellow star-shaped hairs and tiny yellow glandular dots on the back; 8-12 pairs of lateral veins. Umbel inflorescences in the axils, branching 4-7 times, with a stalk 1.5-2.5cm long; small bracts present; calyx cup-shaped, covered with gray-yellow star-shaped hairs. Calyx teeth are obtuse triangular; corolla purple to pale purple, hairless, about 2.5mm long, with 4 blunt rounded lobes about 1mm long; 4 stamens about 5mm long; ovary hairless. Fruit nearly spherical, purple, about 2mm in diameter. Flowering period is from May to July, and fruiting period is from August to November.2. Zi Zhu: A shrub, 1-3m tall. Small branches are gray-yellow, cylindrical, and covered with star-shaped hairs. Leaves are opposite; petioles are 1-2cm long; leaf blades are papery, broadly elliptic, 5-15cm long, 2-7cm wide, gradually pointed at the apex, cuneate or narrowly cuneate at the base, serrated margins, yellow-green surface with slight hair, pale green back with sparse star-shaped hairs and tiny yellow glandular dots; 8-10 pairs of lateral veins. Umbel inflorescences in the axils, 2-3cm wide, branching 4-5 times, covered with star-shaped hairs; calyx campanulate, about 1.5cm long, sparsely covered with star-shaped hairs, later falling off, with yellow glandular dots, obtuse triangular calyx teeth; purple corolla, about 3mm long, slightly hairy, with yellow glandular dots; 4 stamens, anthers with yellow glandular dots; ovary hairy. Fruit is spherical, purple, initially covered with star-shaped hairs, becoming colorless when ripe, about 2.5-4mm in diameter. Flowering period is from May to June, and fruiting period is from July to November. Distribution area.

1、杜虹花：分布于浙江、福建、江西、广东、广西、云南、台湾。2、紫珠：分布于陕西、甘肃、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、河南、湖北、湖南、广东、广西、四川、贵州、云南。道地产区

1. Du Hong Hua: Distributed in Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, and Taiwan.2. Zi Zhu: Distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, and Yunnan. Indigenous production areas.

前者分布于陕西及河南南部至长江各省，后者分布于东南沿海各地。生长环境
The former is distributed in the provinces of southern Shaanxi and Henan to the Yangtze River, while the latter is distributed in various coastal areas in the southeast. Growing environment.

1、杜虹花：生于海拔1590m以下的一半、山坡、溪边林中或灌丛中。2、紫珠：生于海拔200-3400m的疏林和灌丛中。

1. Du Hong Hua: Grows in forests, half-shade areas, mountain slopes, and shrubs below 1590 meters above sea level.2. Zi Zhu: Grows in sparse forests and shrubs at altitudes ranging from 200 to 3400 meters above sea level.