枣树皮，中药名。为鼠李科植物枣ZiziphusjujubaMill.的树皮。全国各地广为栽培，栽培品种甚多。原产我国，现亚洲、欧洲和美洲常有栽培。具有涩肠止泻，镇咳止血之功效。用于泄
Zao-shu-pi, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Jujube tree bark). It refers to the bark of the Ziziphus jujuba Mill., a plant of the Rhamnaceae family. It is widely cultivated throughout the country, with many cultivated varieties. It is originally from China, but is now commonly cultivated in Asia, Europe, and the Americas. It is known for its effects of astringing the intestines to stop diarrhea, and suppressing cough and arresting bleeding. It is used for treating diarrhea.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

涩肠止泻，镇咳止血。
Astringent intestines to stop diarrhea, suppress cough and stop bleeding.

主治 Indications

用于泄泻，痢疾，咳嗽，崩漏，外伤出血，烧烫伤。
Used for diarrhea, dysentery, cough, uterine bleeding, external injury bleeding, burns and scalds.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，6-9g；研末，1.5-3g。外用：适量，煎水洗；或研末撒。
Internal use: Decoction, 6-9g; Powder, 1.5-3g. External use: appropriate amount, decoct in water for washing; or sprinkle the powder.

药理作用 Pharmacological Actions

镇咳祛痰作用，灌服具有明显的祛痰作用，镇咳作用不明显；腹腔注射，则有镇咳作用。
The herb has a significant expectorant effect when administered orally, but its antitussive effect is not obvious. When injected intraperitoneally, it exhibits an antitussive effect.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

1、《青岛中草药手册》：“止泻，止血。治腹痛，痢疾，崩漏，外伤出血等。”

1. "Qingdao Herbal Manual": "Stop diarrhea, stop bleeding. Treat abdominal pain, dysentery, menorrhagia, external bleeding, etc."

2、《全国中草药汇编》：“消炎。治气管炎，肠炎。”
2. "National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines": "Anti-inflammatory. Treat tracheitis, enteritis."

临床应用 Clinical Application

1、治疗腹泻。

1. Treatment for diarrhea.

2、治疗慢性气管炎。
2. Treatment for chronic bronchitis.

3、治疗烧伤。
3. Treatment for burns.

相关配伍 Related Compatibility

1、治腹泻：枣树皮一束，炒焦为末。车前子9g，煎汤送下，早晚各服1.5g，饭前服。

1. Treatment for diarrhea: Take a bundle of jujube tree bark, fry it until charred and grind into powder. Take 9g of plantain seeds, decoct in water and take the decoction orally, 1.5g each time in the morning and evening before meals.

2、治刀伤：枣树皮9g，当归3g。各炒为极细末，瓶装备用，如遇刀伤，流血不止，以此药粉干撒患处，结痂牢固，不易感染。（1-2方出自《中药通报》1956.2（3）：122）
2. Treatment for knife wounds: Take 9g of jujube tree bark and 3g of dang gui (Chinese angelica). Fry them into fine powder separately, store in a bottle for later use. In case of a knife wound with continuous bleeding, apply this powdered medicine to the affected area to help form a scab firmly and prevent infection. (The above two prescriptions are from "Chinese Medicine Bulletin" 1956.2(3):122)

3、治目昏不明：枣树皮、老桑树皮等分。烧研。每用一合，井水煎，澄，取清洗目，一日三洗。昏者复明。忌荤、酒、房事。（《纲目》）
3. Treatment for blurred vision: Take equal parts of jujube tree bark and old mulberry tree bark, burn and grind into powder. Use one unit for each preparation, decoct in well water, clarify the liquid, and use it to wash the eyes three times a day. This treatment can help those with blurred vision regain clarity. Avoid meat, alcohol, and sexual activities. (From "Outline of Chinese Medicine")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：全年皆可采收，春季最佳，用月牙形镰刀，从枣树主干上将老皮刮下，晒干。
Harvest and process: Can be harvested all year round, best in spring. Use a crescent-shaped sickle to scrape off the old bark from the main trunk of the jujube tree and then sun-dry it.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：鼠李科枣属枣。
Ziziphus jujuba is a species in the genus Ziziphus, family Rhamnaceae.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

落叶小乔木，稀灌木，高达10余米；树皮褐色或灰褐色；有长枝，短枝和无芽小枝（即新枝）比长枝光滑，紫红色或灰褐色，呈之字形曲折，具2个托叶刺，长刺可达3厘米，粗直，短刺下弯，长4-6毫米；短枝短粗，矩状，自老枝发出；当年生小枝绿色，下垂，单生或2-7个簇生于短枝上。叶纸质，卵形，卵状椭圆形，或卵状矩圆形；长3-7厘米，宽1.5-4厘米，顶端钝或圆形，稀锐尖，具小尖头，基部稍不对称，近圆形，边缘具圆齿状锯齿，上面深绿色，无毛，下面浅绿色，无毛或仅沿脉多少被疏微毛，基生三出脉；叶柄长1-6毫米，或在长枝上的可达1厘米，无毛或有疏微毛；托叶刺纤细，后期常脱落。花黄绿色，两性，5基数，无毛，具短总花梗，单生或2-8个密集成腋生聚伞花序；花梗长2-3毫米；萼片卵状三角形；花瓣倒卵圆形，基部有爪，与雄蕊等长；花盘厚，肉质，圆形，5裂；子房下部藏于花盘内，与花盘合生，2室，每室有1胚珠，花柱2半裂。核果矩圆形或长卵圆形，长2-3.5厘米，直径1.5-2厘米，成熟时红色，后变红紫色，中果皮肉质，厚，味甜，核顶端锐尖，基部锐尖或钝，2室，具1或2种子，果梗长2-5毫米；种子扁椭圆形，长约1厘米，宽8毫米。花期5-7月，果期8-9月。
Deciduous small tree, rarely shrub, up to over 10 meters tall; bark brown or gray-brown; long branches, short branches, and budless small branches (new shoots) smoother than long branches, purple-red or gray-brown, zigzag in shape, with 2 stipular spines—long spines up to 3 cm, thick and straight; short spines downward-curving, 4–6 mm long; short branches thick and stubby, rectangular, arising from old branches; current-year shoots green, drooping, solitary or 2–7 clustered on short branches. Leaves papery, ovate, ovate-elliptic, or ovate-oblong; 3–7 cm long, 1.5–4 cm wide, apex blunt or rounded, rarely acute with a small mucro, base slightly asymmetrical, nearly round, margin with rounded serrations, dark green and glabrous above, light green and glabrous or sparsely pubescent along veins below, with three basal veins; petiole 1–6 mm long, up to 1 cm on long branches, glabrous or sparsely pubescent; stipular spines slender, often shed in later stages. Flowers yellow-green, bisexual, pentamerous, glabrous, with short peduncles, solitary or 2–8 densely forming axillary cymose inflorescences; pedicels 2–3 mm long; sepals ovate-triangular; petals inversely ovate, clawed at base, equaling stamens in length; disc thick, fleshy, circular, 5-lobed; ovary partially embedded in and adnate to the disc, inferior, 2-celled, each cell with one ovule, style bifid. Drupe oblong or long-ovoid, 2–3.5 cm long, 1.5–2 cm in diameter, red when ripe, later turning reddish-purple; mesocarp fleshy, thick, sweet; endocarp (stone) pointed at apex, acute or obtuse at base, 2-celled, containing 1 or 2 seeds; fruit stalk 2–5 mm long; seeds flattened-elliptic, about 1 cm long, 8 mm wide. Flowering period May–July, fruiting period August–September.

分布区域 Distribution Area

全国各地广为栽培，栽培品种甚多。原产我国，现亚洲、欧洲和美洲常有栽培。
Widely cultivated throughout the country, with many cultivated varieties. Native to China, now commonly cultivated in Asia, Europe, and the Americas.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔1700m以下的山区、丘陵或平原。
Grows in mountainous regions, hills, or plains below 1700 meters in elevation.