梓树，中药名。为紫葳科植物梓CatalpaovataG.Don的叶、果实、茎白皮和根白皮。分布于长江流域及以北地区。具有果实：利水消肿；叶：清热解毒，杀虫止痒；皮：清热利湿，降逆止吐，杀虫止痒之功效。果实用于小便不利，浮肿，腹水；叶用于小儿发热，疮疖，疥癣；皮用于湿热黄疸，胃逆呕吐，疮疥，湿疹，皮肤瘙痒。
Zi-shu, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the leaves, fruits, stem bark, and root bark of Catalpa ovata G.Don, a plant of the Bignoniaceae family. It is distributed in the Yangtze River basin and northern regions. The fruit has the functions of promoting diuresis and reducing swelling; the leaves can clear heat, detoxify, kill insects, and relieve itching; the bark can clear heat, promote diuresis, relieve dampness, descend rebellious Qi, stop vomiting, kill insects, and relieve itching. The fruit is used for difficult urination, edema, and ascites; the leaves are used for pediatric fever, sores, and scabies; the bark is used for damp-heat jaundice, rebellious stomach Qi causing vomiting, sores, scabies, eczema, and itchy skin.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

果实：利水消肿；叶：清热解毒，杀虫止痒；皮：清热利湿，降逆止吐，杀虫止痒。主治
Fruit: promotes diuresis and reduces swelling; Leaves: clears heat, detoxifies, kills insects, and relieves itching; Peel: clears heat, promotes dampness, reverses counterflow, stops vomiting, kills insects, and relieves itching. Indications:

果实用于小便不利，浮肿，腹水；叶用于小儿发热，疮疖，疥癣；皮用于湿热黄疸，胃逆呕吐，疮疥，湿疹，皮肤瘙痒。用法用量
The fruit is used for difficult urination, edema, and ascites; the leaves are used for pediatric fever, sores, and scabies; the bark is used for damp-heat jaundice, vomiting due to stomach reversal, sores, scabies, eczema, and itchy skin. Dosage and administration.

果实：内服：水煎，9-15g。皮：内服：煎汤，5-9g。外用：适量，研末调敷或煎水洗浴。叶：外用：适量，煎汤洗；或煎汁涂；或鲜品捣敷。注意事项
Fruit: For internal use: decoct in water, 9-15g. Peel: For internal use: decoct in soup, 5-9g. External use: appropriate amount, grind into powder for application or decoct in water for bathing. Leaves: External use: appropriate amount, decoct in water for washing; or extract juice for application; or apply fresh leaves directly. Precautions.

~皮：脾胃虚寒者慎用或禁用。~药理作用
~皮：脾胃虚寒者慎用或禁用。~药理作用~皮: Caution or contraindication for those with spleen and stomach deficiency-cold. ~ Pharmacological effects

1、抑菌作用。对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、产气杆菌有抑制作用，但无抗真菌作用。2、具有利尿作用。3、其他作用，果实具有抗炎作用，茎皮具有抗肿瘤作用。梓实苷能抑制诱导型一氧化氮合酶及神经细胞保护作用。水的提取物中分得的梓实糖苷还有致突变作用。相关论述

1. Antibacterial effect. It has inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Clostridium perfringens, but no antifungal effect.2. Diuretic effect.3. Other effects. The fruit has anti-inflammatory effects, and the stem bark has anti-tumor effects. Amentoflavone can inhibit inducible nitric oxide synthase and has neuroprotective effects. Amentoflavone glycoside obtained from the water extract also has mutagenic effects. Related discussions.

1、《四声本草》：“（煎）洗小儿壮热，一切疮疥，皮肤瘙痒。2、《日华子》：“煎汤洗小儿壮热，一切疥疮，皮肤瘙痒。”临床应用 临床应用

1. "Sisheng Bencao": "(Decoction) wash for children with strong fever, all kinds of sores, skin itching."2. "Rihuazi": "Decoction for washing children with strong fever, all kinds of scabies and sores, skin itching." Clinical application.

用于治疗黄疸，肾炎水肿，呕吐，疥疮，湿疹和皮肤瘙痒等。相关配伍
Used for treating jaundice, nephritis edema, vomiting, scabies, eczema, and skin itching, etc. Related compatibility.

1、治温病热未除，重被暴寒，寒毒入胃，热蕴结不散复变啘者：单煮梓皮稍稍饮之佳。（《外台》）2、治小儿家火丹：梓木白皮三两，蓼叶三两。上件药，烧为灰，细研，以鸡子白调，数数涂之，以瘥为度。（《圣惠方》）3、治急性肾炎：梓根皮、冬瓜皮、赤小豆各15g。水煎服。4、治疔、疖：梓根皮、垂柳根各等量。研末，麻油调涂患处。（3-4方出自《福建药物志》）5、治小儿头疮：梓树皮30g。煎水洗。（《吉林中草药》）6、治疮疖：鲜梓叶适量。捣烂敷患处。（《吉林中草药》）7、治肾炎水肿：（1）梓实9g，水煎服；或加黄芪、茯苓各9g，玉米须、白茅根各15g。水煎服。（《福建药物志》（2）梓实15g，木通9g，车前9g。水煎，日服2次。（《吉林中草药》）8、治晚期血吸虫病腹水：梓实5-10g。水煎，分3次服，连服17-49天。（《福建药物志》）加工炮制 采收加工

1. For those with lingering heat from a warm disease who are suddenly exposed to extreme cold, causing the invasion of cold toxins into the stomach resulting in the stagnation of heat and the transformation of the disease, it is recommended to drink a decoction of boiled Ailanthus bark. (From "Wai Tai")2. To treat pediatric fire blisters: take three liang of Ailanthus bark and three liang of Polygonum leaves. Burn the herbs to ash, finely grind them, mix with egg white, and apply the paste several times to heal the condition. (From "Sheng Hui Fang")3. For acute nephritis: take 15g each of Ailanthus root bark, winter melon peel, and red adzuki beans. Decoction and take orally.4. To treat boils and carbuncles: take an equal amount of Ailanthus root bark and weeping willow root, grind into powder, mix with sesame oil, and apply to the affected area. (The third and fourth prescriptions are from "Fujian Materia Medica")5. To treat pediatric scalp sores: take 30g of Ailanthus bark, decoct and wash the affected area with the solution. (From "Jilin Chinese Herbal Medicine")6. To treat sores and carbuncles: use an appropriate amount of fresh Ailanthus leaves, mash and apply to the affected area. (From "Jilin Chinese Herbal Medicine")7. For treating nephritis-related edema: (1) Take 9g of Ailanthus fruit, decoct and take orally; or add 9g each of Astragalus and Poria, and 15g each of corn silk and white grass root. Decoction and take orally. (From "Fujian Materia Medica") (2) Take 15g of Ailanthus fruit, 9g of Aristolochia debilis, and 9g of Plantago asiatica. Decoction and take twice daily. (From "Jilin Chinese Herbal Medicine")8. To treat ascites in advanced schistosomiasis: take 5-10g of Ailanthus fruit, decoct and take three times a day, continuously for 17-49 days. (From "Fujian Materia Medica") Processing and preparation: Harvesting and processing.

秋季果实成熟时摘下果实，阴干或晒干。冬春季可采剥树皮及根皮，刮去外层粗皮，晒干。炮制方法
In autumn, when the fruits are ripe, pick them and air-dry or sun-dry them. In winter and spring, the bark and root bark can be harvested by peeling off the outer rough skin and drying them. Processing method.

皮：除去杂质，洗净，润透，切丝，晒干。药材鉴别 药材性状
Skin: Remove impurities, wash, moisten, slice, and dry in the sun. Medicinal material identification, medicinal material properties.

根皮呈块片状、卷曲状，大小不等，长约20-30cm，直径2-3cm，厚3-5mm。外表面栓皮易脱落，棕褐色，皱缩，有小支根痕；内表面黄白色，平滑细致，具细网状纹理。折断面不平整，纤维性，撕之不易成薄片。气微，味淡。以皮块大、厚实、内面色黄者为佳。果实呈狭线形，鲜时具强粘性，熟时渐次消失，长20-30cm，直径5-9mm，微弯转，暗棕色或黑棕色，有细纵皱，并有光泽细点，粗糙而脆，先端常破裂，露出种子，基部有果柄。种子菲薄，淡褐色，长5mm，直径2-3mm，上下两端具白色光泽毛绒，长约1cm，中央内面有暗色脐点，种皮除去可见子叶2片。气微，味淡。植物学信息 植物种属
The root bark is in block or strip shape, curled, varying in size, about 20-30cm long, 2-3cm in diameter, and 3-5mm thick. The outer surface of the bark is easily peeled off, brownish, wrinkled, with small root marks; the inner surface is yellowish-white, smooth and delicate, with fine reticulate texture. The broken surface is uneven, fibrous, not easily torn into thin slices. It has a slight odor and a mild taste. The preferred characteristics are large, thick pieces with a yellow inner surface. The fruit is narrow and linear, highly sticky when fresh, gradually losing stickiness when ripe, 20-30cm long, 5-9mm in diameter, slightly curved, dark brown or blackish-brown, with fine longitudinal wrinkles, shiny fine dots, rough and brittle, often breaking at the tip to expose the seeds, with a fruit stalk at the base. The seeds are thin and pale brown, 5mm long, 2-3mm in diameter, with white shiny hairs at both ends, about 1cm long, a dark navel spot on the central inner surface, and two cotyledons visible when the seed coat is removed. It has a slight odor and a mild taste. Botanical information about the plant species.

紫葳科植物梓。形态特征
Purple Woadwaxen, a plant in the family Fabaceae. Morphological characteristics.

梓又名：木王，楸，花楸，水桐，河楸，臭梧桐，黄花楸，木角豆。乔木，高达15米；树冠伞形，主干通直，嫩枝具稀疏柔毛。叶对生或近于对生，有时轮生，阔卵形，长宽近相等，长约25厘米，顶端渐尖，基部心形，全缘或浅波状，常3浅裂，叶片上面及下面均粗糙，微被柔毛或近于无毛，侧脉4-6对，基部掌状脉5-7条；叶柄长6-18厘米。顶生圆锥花序；花序梗微被疏毛，长12-28厘米。花萼蕾时圆球形，2唇开裂，长6-8毫米。花冠钟状，淡黄色，内面具2黄色条纹及紫色斑点，长约2.5厘米，直径约2厘米。能育雄蕊2，花丝插生于花冠筒上，花药叉开；退化雄蕊3。子房上位，棒状。花柱丝形，柱头2裂。蒴果线形，下垂，长20-30厘米，粗5-7毫米。种子长椭圆形，长6-8毫米，宽约3毫米，两端具有平展的长毛。分布区域
Chinese catalpa, also known as: wooden king, catalpa, catalpa flower, water tung, river catalpa, stinky tung tree, yellow catalpa, wooden acacia. It is a tall tree, reaching up to 15 meters in height; the crown is umbrella-shaped, the main trunk is straight, and the young branches are sparsely soft-haired. The leaves are opposite or nearly opposite, sometimes whorled, broadly ovate, with a length and width of about 25 centimeters, gradually pointed at the apex, heart-shaped at the base, entire or shallowly undulating, often with 3 shallow lobes. The upper and lower surfaces of the leaf blade are rough, slightly hairy or nearly hairless, with 4-6 pairs of lateral veins and 5-7 palmate veins at the base; the petiole is 6-18 centimeters long. The terminal inflorescence is a rounded cone; the inflorescence stalk is sparsely hairy, 12-28 centimeters long. The calyx is spherical when in bud, 2-lipped, 6-8 millimeters long. The corolla is bell-shaped, pale yellow, with 2 yellow stripes and purple spots on the inner surface, about 2.5 centimeters long and about 2 centimeters in diameter. There are 2 fertile stamens, with filaments inserted on the corolla tube, and the anthers are forked; 3 degenerate stamens. The ovary is superior, rod-shaped. The style is thread-like, with a 2-lobed stigma. The capsule is linear, pendulous, 20-30 centimeters long, and 5-7 millimeters thick. The seeds are elongated oval, 6-8 millimeters long, about 3 millimeters wide, with long flat hairs at both ends. Distribution area.

分布于长江流域及以北地区。生长环境
Distributed in the Yangtze River Basin and northern regions. Growing environment.

生于低山河谷，湿润土壤，多栽培于村庄附近及公路两旁。
Born in low mountain valleys with moist soil, this plant is often cultivated near villages and along roadsides.