竹叶椒叶，中药名。为芸香科植物竹叶椒ZanthoxylumarmatumDC.的叶。分布于华东、中南、西南及陕西、甘肃、台湾等地。具有理气止痛，活血消肿，解毒止痒之功效。用于脘腹胀痛，跌打损伤，痈疮肿毒，毒蛇咬伤，皮肤瘙痒。
Zhu-ye-jiao-ye, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Bamboo Leaf and Sichuan Pepper Leaf). It refers to the leaves of Zanthoxylum armatum DC., a plant of the Rutaceae family. It is distributed in East China, Central South China, Southwest China, as well as in Shaanxi, Gansu, and Taiwan. It has the functions of promoting qi circulation and relieving pain, activating blood circulation and reducing swelling, and detoxification and relieving itching. It is used for abdominal distension and pain, bruises and injuries, carbuncles and swelling, snake bites, and itchy skin.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

理气止痛，活血消肿，解毒止痒。
Regulating qi to relieve pain, promoting blood circulation to reduce swelling, detoxifying and relieving itching.

主治 Indications

用于脘腹胀痛，跌打损伤，痈疮肿毒，毒蛇咬伤，皮肤瘙痒。
Used for abdominal distension and pain, bruises, carbuncles, snake bites, and itchy skin.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，9-15g。外用：适量，煎水洗；或研粉敷；或鲜品捣敷。
Internal use: Decoction, 9-15g. External use: appropriate amount, decoct with water for washing; or grind into powder for application; or crush fresh product for application.

相关论述 Relevant Discussions

1、《江西草药》：“治慢性鼻炎。”

1. "Jiangxi Herbal Medicine": "Used to treat chronic rhinitis."

2、《湖南药物志》：“治腹胀痛，肿毒，蛇毒。”
2. "Hunan Materia Medica": "Used to treat abdominal distension and pain, swelling, poison from snakes."

临床应用 Clinical Application

1、治胃痛、腹胀痛：竹叶椒叶9g，吴萸子6g。捣烂敷脐上。（《湖南药物志》）

1. For stomach pain and abdominal distension: 9g of bamboo leaf pepper leaves and 6g of Evodia fruit. Crush and apply on the navel. (From "Hunan Materia Medica")

2、治跌打损伤：鲜竹叶椒叶适量，捣烂，加酒少许，炒热。外敷或擦患处。（《全国中草药汇编》）
2. For bruises and injuries: Use an appropriate amount of fresh bamboo leaf pepper leaves, crush them, add a little alcohol, and stir-fry until warm. Apply externally or rub on the affected area. (From "National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines")

3、治刀伤：竹叶椒叶适量，研粉，敷患处。（《广西民族药简编》）
3. For knife wounds: Use an appropriate amount of bamboo leaf pepper leaves, grind into powder, and apply on the affected area. (From "Guangxi Compilation of Ethnic Medicine")

4、治乳痈：鲜竹叶椒叶捣烂，调酒敷患处。另用鲜根30g，水煎调酒敷。（《福建中草药》）
4. For breast abscess: Crush fresh bamboo leaf pepper leaves, mix with alcohol, and apply on the affected area. Additionally, use 30g of fresh root, decoct in water, mix with alcohol, and apply. (From "Fujian Chinese Herbal Medicine")

5、治肿毒：竹叶椒叶，煎水洗。（《湖南药物志》）
5. For swelling and toxins: Use bamboo leaf pepper leaves, decoct in water and wash the affected area. (From "Hunan Materia Medica")

附注 Note

竹叶椒根、果实也入药。根具有祛风散寒，温中理气，活血止痛的功效；果实具有温中燥湿，散寒止痛，驱虫止痒之功效。
The roots and fruits of Zanthoxylum are also used medicinally. The roots have the effects of dispelling wind and cold, warming the middle energizer, regulating qi, promoting blood circulation, and relieving pain; the fruits can warm the middle, dry dampness, disperse cold, relieve pain, expel parasites, and relieve itching.

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：全年均可采，鲜用或晒干。
Can be harvested all year round, used fresh or dried.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：芸香科花椒属竹叶椒。
Zanthoxylum armatum is a species in the genus Zanthoxylum, family Rutaceae, commonly known as bamboo-leaf pepper.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

高3-5米的落叶小乔木；茎枝多锐刺，刺基部宽而扁，红褐色，小枝上的刺劲直，水平抽出，小叶背面中脉上常有小刺，仅叶背基部中脉两侧有丛状柔毛，或嫩枝梢及花序轴均被褐锈色短柔毛。叶有小叶3-9、稀11片，翼叶明显，稀仅有痕迹；小叶对生，通常披针形，长3-12厘米，宽1-3厘米，两端尖，有时基部宽楔形，干后叶缘略向背卷，叶面稍粗皱；或为椭圆形，长4-9厘米，宽2-4.5厘米，顶端中央一片最大，基部一对最小；有时为卵形，叶缘有甚小且疏离的裂齿，或近于全缘，仅在齿缝处或沿小叶边缘有油点；小叶柄甚短或无柄。花序近腋生或同时生于侧枝之顶，长2-5厘米，有花约30朵以内；花被片6-8片，形状与大小几相同，长约1.5毫米；雄花的雄蕊5-6枚，药隔顶端有1干后变褐黑色油点；不育雌蕊垫状凸起，顶端2-3浅裂；雌花有心皮3-2个，背部近顶侧各有1油点，花柱斜向背弯，不育雄蕊短线状。果紫红色，有微凸起少数油点，单个分果瓣径4-5毫米；种子径3-4毫米，褐黑色。花期4-5月，果期8-10月。
Deciduous small tree, 3–5 meters high; stems and branches bear many sharp thorns, with broad and flat reddish-brown bases; thorns on young branches are straight and extend horizontally. Small spines often occur on the midvein of the lower leaf surface; only tufted soft hairs are present on both sides of the midvein at the base of the leaf underside, or young shoots and inflorescence axes are covered with short brown-rusty pubescence. Leaves have 3–9 (rarely up to 11) leaflets; winged petioles are distinct, sometimes reduced to traces. Leaflets are opposite, usually lanceolate, 3–12 cm long, 1–3 cm wide, acute at both ends, sometimes with a broadly wedge-shaped base; margins slightly recurved when dry, upper surface slightly rugose; or elliptic, 4–9 cm long, 2–4.5 cm wide, with the terminal leaflet largest and basal pair smallest; or ovate, margin with very small, sparse teeth, or nearly entire, oil glands present at tooth notches or along the margin; petiolules very short or absent. Inflorescences are sub-axillary or terminal on lateral branches, 2–5 cm long, bearing up to about 30 flowers; tepals 6–8, similar in shape and size, ca. 1.5 mm long; stamens 5–6 in male flowers, connective apex with one oil gland turning dark brown-black when dry; sterile pistil cushion-like and elevated, apex shallowly 2–3-lobed; female flowers with 3–2 carpels, each with an oil gland near the dorsal upper side, style curved backward, sterile stamens linear. Fruit purple-red, with few slightly raised oil glands, individual follicle 4–5 mm in diameter; seed 3–4 mm in diameter, brown-black. Flowering April–May, fruiting August–October.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于华东、中南、西南及陕西、甘肃、台湾等地。
Distributed in East China, Central South China, Southwest China, as well as Shaanxi, Gansu, and Taiwan.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔2300m以下的山坡疏林、灌丛中及路旁。
Found in sparse forests, shrublands, and along roadsides on mountain slopes below 2300 m elevation.