紫茉莉叶，中药名。为紫茉莉科植物紫茉莉MirabilisjalapaL.的叶。分布于全国各地。具有清热解毒，祛风渗湿，活血之功效。常用于痈肿疮毒，疥癣，跌打损伤。
Zi-mo-li-ye, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Leaves of Mirabilis jalapa L.), also known as the leaves of Mirabilis jalapa, a plant of the Mirabilis family. It is distributed throughout the country and is known for its effects of clearing heat, detoxification, dispelling wind, promoting diuresis, and promoting blood circulation. It is commonly used for treating abscesses, sores, scabies, and injuries from falls and blows.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热解毒，祛风渗湿，活血。
Clearing heat and detoxifying, dispelling wind and dampness, promoting blood circulation.

主治 Indications

痈肿疮毒，疥癣，跌打损伤。
Boils, swelling, sores, ulcers, scabies, and bruises.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

外用：适量，鲜品捣敷或取汁外搽。
External use: Apply an appropriate amount of fresh herbs by pounding them into a paste or extracting the juice for topical application.

药理作用 Pharmacological Effects

1、使心率和收缩振幅增加。

1. Increase heart rate and contraction amplitude.

2、抗菌作用。
2. Antibacterial effect.

3、致泻作用。
3. Laxative effect.

相关论述 Related Discussions

1、《滇南本草》：“贴臁疮。”

1. Dian Nan Ben Cao: "Apply to treat leg ulcers."

2、《草药新纂》：“治疥癣。”
2. New Compilation of Herbal Medicine: "Used to treat scabies."

3、《动植物民间药》：“治顽癣。”
3. Folk Medicines from Animals and Plants: "Effective for stubborn ringworm."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、治疮疖，跌打损伤：紫茉莉叶（鲜）适量。捣烂外敷患处，每日1次。（《陕甘宁青中草药选》）

1. For treating ulcers and abscesses, as well as bruises and injuries: Use an appropriate amount of fresh purple jasmine leaves. Mash them into a paste and apply externally to the affected area once daily. (Selected Herbal Medicines from Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, and Qinghai)

2、治骨折，无名肿毒：紫茉莉叶（鲜）捣烂外敷，每日1次。（《陕甘宁青中草药选》）
2. For treating bone fractures and unidentified swelling and toxicity: Mash fresh purple jasmine leaves into a paste and apply externally once daily. (Selected Herbal Medicines from Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, and Qinghai)

3、治疥疮：紫茉莉叶（鲜）一握。洗净捣烂，绞汁抹患处。（《福建民间草药》）
3. For treating scabies: Take a handful of fresh purple jasmine leaves. Wash them clean, mash them into a paste, and apply the juice to the affected area. (Folk Herbal Medicines from Fujian)

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：叶生长茂盛花未开时采摘，洗净，鲜用。
The leaves are harvested when they are growing vigorously but the flowers have not yet bloomed, washed clean, and used fresh.

药材鉴别 Medicinal Material Identification

药材性状：叶片多卷缩，完整者展平后呈卵状或三角形，长4-10cm，宽约4cm，先端长尖，基部楔形或心形，边缘微波状，上表面暗绿色，下表面灰绿色，叶柄较长，具毛茸。气微，味甘平。
Morphological characteristics: The leaves are often curled when folded, and when fully expanded, they are oval or triangular, 4-10 cm long and about 4 cm wide. They have a long pointed tip, a wedge-shaped or heart-shaped base, wavy edges, a dark green upper surface, and a grayish-green lower surface. The leaf stalk is relatively long and hairy. The plant has a mild odor and a sweet, neutral taste.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：紫茉莉科植物紫茉莉。
Species: Mirabilis jalapa L., belonging to the family Nyctaginaceae (Four O'Clock Family).

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

紫茉莉，又名苦丁香、野丁香、丁香花、白丁香花、胭脂花、粉团花、状元红、野茉莉、粉豆花、水粉子花、长春花、夜娇娇、夜晚花、粉豆子、状元花、水粉花、洗澡花。一年生草本，高可达1米。根肥粗，倒圆锥形，黑色或黑褐色。茎直立，圆柱形，多分枝，无毛或疏生细柔毛，节稍膨大。叶片卵形或卵状三角形，长3-15厘米，宽2-9厘米，顶端渐尖，基部截形或心形，全缘，两面均无毛，脉隆起；叶柄长1-4厘米，上部叶几无柄。花常数朵簇生枝端；花梗长1-2毫米；总苞钟形，长约1厘米，5裂，裂片三角状卵形，顶端渐尖，无毛，具脉纹，果时宿存；花被紫红色、黄色、白色或杂色，高脚碟状，筒部长2-6厘米，檐部直径2.5-3厘米，5浅裂；花午后开放，有香气，次日午前凋萎；雄蕊5，花丝细长，常伸出花外，花药球形；花柱单生，线形，伸出花外，柱头头状。瘦果球形，直径5-8毫米，革质，黑色，表面具皱纹；种子胚乳白粉质。花期6-10月，果期8-11月。
Mirabilis jalapa, also known as four o'clock flower, evening glory, or beauty bush, is an annual herbaceous plant that can grow up to 1 meter tall. The roots are thick and conical, black or dark brown. The stems are erect, cylindrical, branching, with no hair or sparsely soft hair, and slightly swollen at the nodes. The leaves are ovate or ovate-triangular, 3–15 cm long, 2–9 cm wide, gradually pointed at the apex, truncate or cordate at the base, with entire margins, hairless on both sides, and prominent veins; petioles are 1–4 cm long, with upper leaves nearly sessile. The flowers are often clustered at the end of branches; flower stalks are 1–2 mm long; involucre is bell-shaped, about 1 cm long, 5-lobed, lobes triangular-ovate, gradually pointed at the apex, hairless, veined, persistent when fruiting; corollas are purple-red, yellow, white, or variegated, with a high foot-disk shape, a tube 2–6 cm long, and a limb 2.5–3 cm in diameter, with 5 shallow lobes; the flowers open in the afternoon, fragrant, and wither before noon the next day; stamens are 5, with slender filaments often extending outside the flower, anthers are spherical; pistil is solitary, linear, extending outside the flower, with a head-shaped stigma. The fruit is globose, 5–8 mm in diameter, leathery, black, wrinkled on the surface; seeds are white and powdery. The flowering period is from June to October, and the fruiting period is from August to November.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于全国各地。
Distributed throughout the country.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于水沟边、房前屋后墙脚下或庭园中，常栽培。
Found along ditches, under walls in front or behind houses, or in courtyards; often cultivated.