长萼猪屎豆，中药名。为豆科猪屎豆属植物长萼猪屎豆CrotalariacalycinaSchrank的全株。植物长萼猪屎豆，分布于我国福建、台湾、广东、海南、广西、云南、西藏等地。具有化积消疳，清热解毒，通淋利尿之功效。主治小儿疳积，肾炎，膀胱炎，尿道炎，咳嗽痰喘，痈疽疔疮。
Zhang-e-zhu-shi-dou, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the whole plant of Crotalaria calycina Schrank, a plant of the genus Crotalaria in the Fabaceae family. The plant is distributed in Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan, and Tibet in China. It is effective in promoting digestion, clearing heat and detoxification, and promoting diuresis. It is used to treat pediatric indigestion, nephritis, cystitis, urethritis, cough with phlegm, abscesses, and sores.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

化积消疳，清热解毒，通淋利尿。
Resolve accumulation, eliminate infantile malnutrition, clear heat, detoxify, and promote urination.

主治 Indications

小儿疳积，肾炎，膀胱炎，尿道炎，咳嗽痰喘，痈疽疔疮。
Pediatric malnutrition, nephritis, cystitis, urethritis, cough with phlegm and wheezing, carbuncles and furuncles.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，3-12g。
Internal use: Decoction, 3-12g.

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：夏季采收，鲜用，或扎成把，晒干。
Harvesting and processing: Collect in summer, use fresh, or tie into bundles and sun-dry.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：豆科猪屎豆属植物长萼猪屎豆。
Plant species: Crotalaria calycina Champ. ex Benth., a plant of the Fabaceae family, genus Crotalaria.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

长萼猪屎豆，别名长萼野百合（《海南植物志》）。一年生直立草本，高30-80厘米。茎、枝密被略粗糙而长的毛。单叶互生，几无柄；托叶极小，钻状，易脱落；叶片狭椭圆状线形或中部宽的长椭圆形，长3-10厘米，宽5-20毫米，先端急尖而有1束柔毛，基部楔形，上面有小窝点，中脉有毛，下面密被伏贴的丝毛，侧脉不显。总状花序顶生或腋生，常缩短成头状，有花2-8朵；小苞片2，披针形，被粗糙而开展的长毛；花梗粗壮；萼长2-3厘米，5深裂，上部裂片较阔，倒披针形，下部裂片披针形，外面密被棕色而开展的长硬毛；蝶形花冠，淡黄色，藏于萼内，旗瓣倒卵形，基部有2枚胼胝状附属物，爪短被毛，翼瓣披针状长椭圆形，龙骨瓣具长喙；雄蕊10，花药异型；子房无毛。荚果椭圆状圆柱形，长约15毫米，果熟时黑色，包于萼内，种子20-30颗。花、果期7-10月。
The long-sepal crotalaria, also known as long-sepal wild lily (Crotalaria sp.), is an annual erect herb, 30–80 cm tall. Stems and branches are densely covered with slightly rough, long hairs. Leaves are alternate, nearly sessile; stipules are minute, awl-shaped, and easily shed; leaf blades are narrowly elliptic-linear or broadly elliptic in the middle, 3–10 cm long, 5–20 mm wide (corrected from erroneous 'cm'), acute at apex with a tuft of soft hairs, cuneate at base, upper surface with pitted glands, midvein hairy, lower surface densely covered with appressed silky hairs, lateral veins inconspicuous. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, often condensed into a head-like cluster, bearing 2–8 flowers; bracts lanceolate, covered with rough, spreading long hairs; pedicels stout; calyx 2–3 cm long, deeply 5-lobed, upper lobes broader, oblanceolate, lower lobes lanceolate, densely covered externally with brown, spreading, stiff hairs; corolla papilionaceous, pale yellow, enclosed within the calyx; standard petal obovate with two callous appendages at base, claw short and hairy; wings lanceolate-elliptic; keel petal with a long beak; stamens 10, anthers dimorphic; ovary glabrous. Pod ellipsoid-cylindrical, about 15 mm long, black when mature, enclosed in persistent calyx, containing 20–30 seeds. Flowering and fruiting from July to October.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于旷野草坡上。
Found on open grassy slopes.