野绿麻根，中药名。为荨麻科植物珠芽艾麻Laporteabulbifera(Sieb.etZucc.)Wedd.的根。分布于东北、西南及陕西、甘肃、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、河南、湖北、西藏等地。具有祛风除湿，活血止痛之功效。用于风湿痹痛，肢体麻木，跌打损伤，骨折疼痛，月经不调，劳伤乏力，肾炎水肿。
Wild Green H, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. p Root (Ye-lv-ma-gen). It is the root of the Urticaceae plant Laportea bulbifera (Sieb. et Zucc.) Wedd. It is distributed in Northeast China, Southwest China, Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, and Tibet. It has the functions of dispelling wind and dampness, promoting blood circulation, and relieving pain. It is used for rheumatic pain, numbness in limbs, bruises, fractures, irregular menstruation, fatigue, and edema caused by nephritis.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

祛风除湿，活血止痛。
Dispelling wind and dampness, promoting blood circulation, and relieving pain.

主治 Indications

用于风湿痹痛，肢体麻木，跌打损伤，骨折疼痛，月经不调，劳伤乏力，肾炎水肿。
Used for rheumatic pain, numbness in limbs, bruises, fractures, irregular menstruation, fatigue from overwork, and edema in nephritis.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，9-15g，鲜品30g；或浸酒。外用：适量，煎水洗。
Internal use: Decoction, 9-15g, fresh product 30g; or soak in alcohol. External use: appropriate amount, decoct in water for washing.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《贵州草药》：“祛风，除湿，活血。”
"Guizhou Herbal Medicine": "Dispelling wind, eliminating dampness, promoting blood circulation."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、治风湿麻木：红禾麻根15g，鲜品30g；或浸酒。外用：适量，煎水洗。

1. Treatment for rheumatic numbness: 15g of red root of hemp agrimony, 30g of fresh herb; or soak in alcohol. External use: appropriate amount, decoct in water for washing.

2、治风湿关节痛：红禾麻根30g，红五加皮9g。泡酒服。（1-2方出自《贵州草药》）
2. Treatment for rheumatic joint pain: 30g of red root of hemp agrimony, 9g of red fiveleaf aralia bark. Soak in alcohol and take orally. (Prescriptions 1-2 are from "Guizhou Herbal Medicine")

3、治荨麻疹：珠芽艾麻根6-9g。水煎服；小儿酌减。
3. Treatment for urticaria: 6-9g of root of mugwort. Decoct in water for oral administration; reduce dosage for children.

4、治劳伤乏力：珠芽艾麻根。研粉，每次6g，睡前黄酒送服，每日1次。（3-4方出自《湖南药物志第5卷》）
4. Treatment for fatigue from overwork: Powdered root of mugwort. Take 6g each time, send with yellow wine before sleep, once daily. (Prescriptions 3-4 are from "Volume 5 of Hunan Materia Medica")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：秋季采挖根部，除去茎、叶及泥土，晒干。
Harvest and process: In autumn, harvest the roots, remove the stems, leaves, and dirt, and then dry them in the sun.

炮制方法：除去杂质，洗净，润透，切片，晒干或烘干。
Processing method: Remove impurities, wash thoroughly, soak until soft, slice, and then air dry or oven dry.

药材鉴别 Medicinal Material Identification

药材性状：根茎连接成团块状，大小不等，灰棕色或棕褐色，上面有多数茎的残基和孔洞。根簇生于根茎周围，呈长圆锥形或细长纺锤形，扭曲，长6-20cm，直径3-6mm。表面灰棕色至红棕色，具细纵皱纹，有纤细的须根或须根痕。质坚硬，不易折断，断面纤维性，浅红棕色。气微，味微苦、涩。
Characteristics of medicinal material: The rhizomes are connected in clusters, varying in size, gray-brown or brownish-brown in color, with numerous stem remnants and holes on the surface. The roots cluster around the rhizome, elongated conical or slender spindle-shaped, twisted, 6-20cm long, 3-6mm in diameter. The surface is gray-brown to reddish-brown, with fine longitudinal wrinkles, and fine fibrous roots or root scars. The texture is hard, not easily broken, with a fibrous, light reddish-brown cross-section. It has a slight odor, with a slightly bitter and astringent taste.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：荨麻科植物珠芽艾麻。
Plant species: Artemisia verlotiorum, a plant in the Urticaceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

珠芽艾麻又名：零余子荨麻，华中艾麻，麻风草。多年生草本。根数条，丛生，纺锤状，红褐色。茎下部多少木质化，高50-150厘米，不分枝或少分枝，在上部常呈“之”字形弯曲，具5条纵棱，有短柔毛和稀疏的刺毛，以后渐脱落；珠芽1-3个，常生于不生长花序的叶腋，木质化，球形，直径3-6毫米，多数植株无珠芽。叶卵形至披针形，有时宽卵形，长(6-)8-16厘米，宽(2-5)3.5-8厘米，先端渐尖，基部宽楔形或圆形，稀浅心形，边缘自基部以上有牙齿或锯齿，上面生糙伏毛和稀疏的刺毛，下面脉上生短柔毛和稀疏的刺毛，尤其主脉上的刺毛较长，钟乳体细点状，上面明显，基出脉3，其侧出的一对稍弧曲，伸达中部边缘，侧脉4-6对，伸向齿尖；叶柄长1.5-10厘米，毛被同茎上部；托叶长圆状披针形，长5-10毫米，先端2浅裂，背面肋上生糙毛。花序雌雄同株，稀异株，圆锥状，序轴上生短柔毛和稀疏的刺毛；雄花序生茎顶部以下的叶腋，具短梗，长3-10厘米，分枝多，开展；雌花序生茎顶部或近顶部叶腋，长10-25厘米，花序梗长5-12厘米，分枝较短，常着生于序轴的一侧。雄花具短梗或无梗，在芽时扁圆球形，径约1毫米：花被片5，长圆状卵形，内凹，外面近先端无角状突起物，外面有微毛；雄蕊5；退化雌蕊倒梨形，长约0.4毫米；小苞片三角状卵形，长约0.7毫米。雌花具梗：花被片4，不等大，分生，侧生的二枚较大，紧包被着子房，长圆状卵形或狭倒卵形，长约1毫米，以后增大，外面多少被短糙毛，背生的一枚圆卵形，兜状，长约0.5毫米，腹生的一枚最短，三角状卵形，长约0.3毫米；子房具雌蕊柄，直立，后弯曲；柱头丝形，长2-4毫米，周围密生短毛。瘦果圆状倒卵形或近半圆形，偏斜，扁平，长约2-3毫米，光滑，有紫褐色细斑点；雌蕊柄增长到约0.5毫米，下弯；宿存花被片侧生的2枚，长约1.5毫米，伸达果的近中部，外面生短糙毛，有时近光滑；花梗长2-4毫米，在两侧面扁化成膜质翅，有时果序枝也扁化成翅，匙形，顶端有深的凹缺。花期6-8月，果期8-12月。
Artemisia verlotiorum, also known as Ling Yu Zi Qian Ma, Hua Zhong Ai Ma, and Ma Feng Cao, is a perennial herb. It has several roots, clustered, spindle-shaped, and reddish-brown. The lower part of the stem is somewhat woody, 50-150 cm tall, unbranched or sparsely branched, often zigzag in the upper part, with 5 longitudinal ridges, short soft hairs and sparse stinging hairs that gradually fall off. There are 1-3 bulbils, usually growing in leaf axils without inflorescences, woody, spherical, 3-6 mm in diameter; most plants lack bulbils. Leaves are ovate to lanceolate, sometimes broadly ovate, (6-)8-16 cm long, (2-5)3.5-8 cm wide, apex gradually acuminate, base broadly cuneate or rounded, rarely shallowly cordate, serrate or toothed from the base upward, with appressed rough hairs and sparse stinging hairs above, short soft hairs and sparse stinging hairs on veins below (especially longer on main veins), minute glandular dots prominent above. Three basal veins, lateral pair slightly curved, reaching mid-margin; 4-6 pairs of lateral veins extending to teeth tips. Petioles 1.5-10 cm long, hairy like upper stem. Stipules oblong-lanceolate, 5-10 mm long, apex shallowly 2-lobed, with rough hairs on the back rib. Inflorescences monoecious (rarely dioecious), conical, axis with short soft hairs and sparse stinging hairs. Male inflorescences arise in axils below stem apex, short-pedicellate, 3-10 cm long, much-branched, spreading. Female inflorescences arise in axils at or near stem apex, 10-25 cm long, peduncle 5-12 cm, branches shorter, often on one side of axis. Male flowers short-pedicellate or sessile, flattened-globose in bud, ca. 1 mm in diameter; perianth lobes 5, oblong-ovate, concave, without angular projections near apex externally, minutely pubescent; stamens 5; rudimentary pistil inversely pear-shaped, ca. 0.4 mm long; bractlets triangular-ovate, ca. 0.7 mm long. Female flowers pedicellate; perianth lobes 4, unequal, free; two lateral ones larger, tightly enclosing ovary, oblong-ovate or narrowly obovate, ca. 1 mm long, later enlarging, sparsely short-hairy outside; dorsal lobe orbicular-ovate, hooded, ca. 0.5 mm long; ventral lobe smallest, triangular-ovate, ca. 0.3 mm long; ovary with gynophore, erect, later curved; stigma filiform, 2-4 mm long, densely covered with short hairs. Achene broadly obovoid or nearly semicircular, oblique, flattened, ca. 2-3 mm long, smooth, with fine purplish-brown speckles; gynophore elongating to ca. 0.5 mm, downwardly curved; persistent perianth lobes (lateral pair) ca. 1.5 mm long, reaching near middle of fruit, sparsely short-hairy outside, sometimes nearly glabrous; pedicel 2-4 mm long, laterally compressed into membranous wing, sometimes fruiting branches also winged, spoon-shaped, with deep apical notch. Flowering June-August, fruiting August-December.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于东北、西南及陕西、甘肃、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、河南、湖北、西藏等地。
Distributed in Northeast China, Southwest China, as well as Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Tibet, and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于山地下货林边山谷。
Born in mountain valleys, forest edges, and shady slopes.