紫油木叶，中药名。为漆树科植物清香木PistaciaweinmannifoliaJ.PoissonexFranch.的嫩叶。分布于西南及广西、西藏等地。具有清热，祛湿，导滞之功效。常用于痢疾，泄泻，食积，湿疹，风疹。
Zi-you-mu-ye, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Leaves of Pistacia weinmannifolia J. Poisson ex Franch.), the tender leaves of the fragrant sumac (Pistacia weinmannifolia J. Poisson ex Franch.) of the Anacardiaceae family, is distributed in the southwest, Guangxi, Tibet, and other regions. It is known for its efficacy in clearing heat, dispelling dampness, and relieving stagnation. It is commonly used for dysentery, diarrhea, food stagnation, eczema, and rubella.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热，祛湿，导滞。
Clearing heat, eliminating dampness, and promoting circulation.

主治 Indications

痢疾，泄泻，食积，湿疹，风疹。
Dysentery, diarrhea, food stagnation, eczema, rubella.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，9-15g。外用：适量，煎水洗。
Internal use: Decoction, 9-15g. External use: Appropriate amount, decoct with water for washing.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《四川常用中草药》：“行气止痛。治腹痛，下泻，赤痢，足部裂口等症。”
"Commonly Used Traditional Chinese Herbs in Sichuan": "Promotes Qi circulation and relieves pain. Used to treat abdominal pain, diarrhea, dysentery, cracked heels, and other conditions."

《云南中草药》：“清热解毒。主治痢疾，肠炎，腹泻，疮疡，湿疹，风疹，食积。”
"Traditional Chinese Herbs in Yunnan": "Clears heat and detoxifies. Mainly used for treating dysentery, enteritis, diarrhea, sores, eczema, rubella, and food stagnation."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

清香木的树皮亦供药用，名紫油木皮。味涩、微苦，性凉。功效收敛止血，主治外伤出血。外用：适量，研末撒。
The bark of the Chinese sweetgum tree is also used as medicine, known as Purple Oilwood Bark. It has a bitter and slightly sour taste, and a cold nature. Its function is to astringe and stop bleeding, mainly used for treating external bleeding due to injuries. For external use: grind into powder and apply in moderation.

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：春季采收嫩叶尖，鲜用或晒干。
Harvesting and processing: In spring, harvest the tender leaf tips, and use them fresh or sun-dried.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：漆树科植物清香木。
Plant species: The fragrant wood comes from the Anacardiaceae family (Toxicodendron vernicifluum family).

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

清香木，又名昆明乌木、子油树、紫油木、清香树、香叶树、细叶楷木。灌木或小乔木，高2-8米，稀达10-15米；树皮灰色，小枝具棕色皮孔，幼枝被灰黄色微柔毛。偶数羽状复叶互生，有小叶4-9对，叶轴具狭翅，上面具槽，被灰色微柔毛，叶柄被微柔毛；小叶革质，长圆形或倒卵状长圆形，较小，长1.3-3.5厘米，宽0.8-1.5厘米，稀较大(5×1.8厘米），先端微缺，具芒刺状硬尖头，基部略不对称，阔楔形，全缘，略背卷，两面中脉上被极细微柔毛，侧脉在叶面微凹，在叶背明显突起；小叶柄极短。花序腋生，与叶同出，被黄棕色柔毛和红色腺毛；花小，紫红色，无梗，苞片1，卵圆形，内凹，径约1.5毫米，外面被棕色柔毛，边缘具细睫毛；雄花：花被片5-8，长圆形或长圆状披针形，长1.5-2毫米，膜质，半透明，先端渐尖或呈流苏状，外面2-3片边缘具细睫毛；雄蕊5，稀7，花丝极短，花药长圆形，先端细尖；不育雌蕊存在；雌花：花被片7-10，卵状披针形，长1-1.5毫米，膜质，先端细尖或略呈流苏状，外面2-5片边缘具睫毛；无不育雄蕊，子房圆球形，径约0.7毫米，无毛，花柱极短，柱头3裂，外弯。核果球形，长约5毫米，径约6毫米，成熟时红色，先端细尖。
Qingxiangmu, also known as Kunming Wumu, Ziyoushu, Ziyoumu, Qingxiangshu, Xiangyeshu, and Xiye Kaimu. It is a shrub or small tree, 2-8 meters tall, occasionally reaching 10-15 meters; the bark is gray, with brown lenticels on the small branches, and the young branches are covered with gray-yellow fine hairs. The even-pinnate compound leaves are alternate, with 4-9 pairs of leaflets, the leaf axis has narrow wings, grooves on the upper surface, covered with gray fine hairs, and the petiole is also covered with fine hairs; the leaflets are leathery, oblong or ovate-oblong, relatively small, 1.3-3.5 cm long, 0.8-1.5 cm wide, occasionally larger (5×1.8 cm), with a slightly notched apex, thorn-like hard tips, slightly asymmetric base, broadly wedge-shaped, entire margin, slightly curled upwards, with very fine hairs on both sides of the midrib, the lateral veins slightly concave on the upper surface and prominently raised on the lower surface; the leaflet stalk is very short. The axillary inflorescences emerge with the leaves, covered with yellow-brown soft hairs and red glandular hairs; the flowers are small, purple-red, sessile, with 1 bract, ovate, concave, about 1.5 mm in diameter, covered with brown soft hairs on the outside, and fine cilia on the edges; male flowers: 5-8 tepals, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 1.5-2 mm long, membranous, translucent, gradually pointed or fringed at the tip, with fine cilia on the edges of 2-3 tepals on the outside; stamens 5, occasionally 7, with very short filaments, anthers oblong, finely pointed at the tip; sterile pistils present; female flowers: 7-10 tepals, ovate-lanceolate, 1-1.5 mm long, membranous, finely pointed at the tip or slightly fringed, with 2-5 tepals on the outside having cilia on the edges; no sterile stamens, ovary globose, about 0.7 mm in diameter, hairless, style very short, stigma 3-lobed, outwardly curved. The fruit is globose, about 5 mm long, 6 mm in diameter, red when ripe, with a fine pointed tip at the apex.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于西南及广西、西藏等地。
Distributed in the southwest, Guangxi, Tibet, and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔580-2700m的石灰山林或灌丛中。
Born in limestone mountain forests or thickets at altitudes of 580-2700 meters.