青蒿根，中药名。为菊科植物黄花蒿ArtemisiaannuaL.的根。分布于我国南北各地。具有清热除蒸，燥湿除痹，凉血止血之功效。主治劳热骨蒸，关节酸疼，大便下血。
Qing-hao-gen, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. The root of Artemisia annua L., a plant of the Asteraceae family, distributed in various parts of China. It has the functions of clearing heat and eliminating dampness, drying dampness and relieving pain, and cooling blood and stopping bleeding. It is mainly used to treat fever and bone steaming, joint soreness, and bloody stools.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热除蒸，燥湿除痹，凉血止血。
Clearing heat and resolving dampness, drying dampness and relieving obstruction, cooling blood and stopping bleeding.

主治 Indications

劳热骨蒸，关节酸疼，大便下血。
Steaming bones due to overwork, sore and painful joints, and bloody stools.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，3-15g。
Internal administration: Decoction, 3-15g.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《滇南本草》：“治劳热骨蒸，关节酸痛，大便下血。”
"Dian Nan Ben Cao": "Used for treating bone-steaming due to overwork and heat, joint soreness, and bloody stools."

《滇南本草》：“治血痨发热；青蒿根一钱，地骨皮一钱，柴胡根一钱（炒），鳖甲一钱（炙），石斛一钱。引用清明柳一钱，煨，点童便服。”
"Dian Nan Ben Cao": "Used for treating fever in blood consumption; one qian of Artemisia annua root, one qian of Lycium barbarum bark, one qian of Bupleurum root (fried), one qian of Trionyx shell (roasted), one qian of Dendrobium stem. Add one qian of willow twig from Qingming Festival, decoct, and take with child's urine as a vehicle."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、治虚痨发热：青蒿根一钱，地骨皮一钱，柴胡根一钱（炒），鳖甲一钱（炙），石斛一钱。引用清明柳一钱，煨，点童便服。（《滇南本草》）

1. Treatment for febrile tuberculosis: Qinghao root 1 qian, Digupi 1 qian, Chaihu root 1 qian (fried), Biejia 1 qian (roasted), Shihu 1 qian. Add Qingmingliu 1 qian, decoct, and administer with child's urine. (From "Yunnan Materia Medica")

2、治风湿性关节炎：青蒿根15-30g，牛尾或猪脚7寸。炖2h许，饭前服。（《闽东本草》）
2. Treatment for rheumatoid arthritis: Qinghao root 15-30g, cow tail or pig feet 7 inches. Stew for about 2 hours, take before meals. (From "Fujian Materia Medica")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：秋、冬季采挖，洗净，切段，晒干。
Harvest and process: collect in autumn and winter, wash, cut into sections, and dry in the sun.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：菊科植物黄花蒿。
Species: Artemisia annua, a plant in the Asteraceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

一年生草本，高40-150cm。全株具较强挥发油气味。茎直立，具纵条纹，多分枝，光滑无毛。基生叶平铺地面，开花时凋谢；茎生叶互生，幼时绿色，老时变为黄褐色，无毛，有短柄，向上渐无柄；叶片通常为三回羽状全裂，裂片短细，有极小粉末状短柔毛，上面深绿色，下面淡绿色，具细小的毛或粉末状腺状斑点；叶轴两侧具窄翅；茎上部的叶向上逐渐细小呈条形。头状花序细小，球形，径约2mm，具细软短梗，多数组成圆锥状；总苞小，球状，花全为管状花，黄色，外围为雌花，中央为两性花。瘦果椭圆形。花期8-10月，果期10-11月。
Annual herb, 40-150cm tall. The whole plant has a strong volatile oil odor. Stem erect, longitudinally striped, much branched, smooth and glabrous. Basal leaves lie flat on the ground and wither at flowering; stem leaves alternate, green when young, turning yellowish-brown when old, glabrous, with short petioles, becoming sessile upwards; leaf blades usually tripinnately dissected, segments short and slender, with minute powdery soft hairs, dark green above, pale green beneath, with tiny hairs or powdery glandular spots; leaf axis with narrow wings on both sides; upper stem leaves gradually become smaller and linear. Heads small, spherical, about 2mm in diameter, with slender soft pedicels, numerous, arranged in panicles; involucre small, globular; all florets tubular, yellow, female florets surrounding central bisexual ones. Achenes elliptical. Flowering from August to October, fruiting from October to November.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于我国南北各地。
Distributed throughout northern and southern China.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于旷野、山坡、路边、河岸等处。
Grows in open fields, mountain slopes, roadsides, riverbanks, and similar habitats.