乌药叶，中药名。为樟科植物乌药Linderaaggregata（Sims.）Kosterm.的叶。植物乌药，分布于我国陕西、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖北、湖南、广西、四川等地。具有温中理气，消肿止痛之功效。主治脘腹冷痛，小便频数，风湿痹痛，跌打伤痛，烫伤。
Wu-yao-ye, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Leaf of Linderaaggregata (Sims.) Kosterm.), is the leaf of the Lauraceae plant Linderaaggregata. The plant is distributed in Shaanxi, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan and other places in China. It has the functions of warming the middle energizer, regulating qi, reducing swelling, and relieving pain. It is mainly used for cold and pain in the epigastrium, frequent urination, rheumatic arthralgia, bruises, and scalds.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

温中理气，消肿止痛。
Warming the middle, regulating Qi, reducing swelling, and relieving pain.

主治 Indications

脘腹冷痛，小便频数，风湿痹痛，跌打伤痛，烫伤。
Epigastric and abdominal pain with cold sensation, frequent urination, rheumatic arthralgia, traumatic injuries and pain, and scalds.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，3-10g。外用：适量，鲜品捣敷患处。
Internal use: Decoction, 3-10g. External use: appropriate amount, fresh herb pounded and applied to the affected area.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

1、《开宝本草》：“炙碾煎服，能补中益气，偏止小便滑数。”

1. Kai Bao Ben Cao: "When roasted, ground, and decocted for oral administration, it can tonify the spleen and benefit Qi, particularly effective in stopping excessive and frequent urination."

2、《本草蒙筌》：“下气。”
2. Ben Cao Meng Quan: "Relieves stagnant Qi."

3、《医林纂要·药性》：“温中燥脾，能消食杀蛔，治腹中寒痛。”
3. Yi Lin Zuan Yao · Yao Xing: "Warms the middle energizer and dries dampness of the spleen; aids digestion, kills intestinal parasites, and treats cold-induced abdominal pain."

临床应用 Clinical Application

1、治肾阴虚，侧柏、黄柏、乌药叶各二两，龟版（酒炙）五两，苦参三两，黄连半两，冬加干姜，夏加缩砂。上为末，地黄膏丸梧子大。（《丹溪心法》补阴丸）

1. For treating kidney yin deficiency: take two liang each of Platycladus leaves, Phellodendron bark, and Wuyao leaves, five liang of turtle shell (prepared with wine), three liang of Sophora root, half a liang of Coptis, adding dried ginger in winter and Amomum villosum in summer accordingly. Grind all into powder, mix with Rehmannia paste to form pills the size of Chinese pepper seeds. (Dan Xi Xin Fa, Bu Yin Wan)

2、治体弱，肌肥壮，血虚脉大，龟版二两，侧柏七钱半（酒浸），生地黄一两半，白芍一两（炒），乌药叶七钱半（酒浸）。上除生地黄细切熬膏，余皆作末，同捣为丸，以白术四钱，香附一钱半，煎汤下。（《丹溪心法》）
2. For treating weakness, muscular hypertrophy, blood deficiency with large pulse: take two liang of turtle shell, seven qian and a half of Platycladus leaves (wine-soaked), one and a half liang of raw Rehmannia, one liang of white peony root (stir-fried), and seven qian and a half of Wuyao leaves (wine-soaked). Except for Rehmannia which is finely cut and cooked into a paste, grind the rest into powder, mix and form into pills. Take with a decoction made from four qian of Atractylodes and one qian and a half of Cyperus. (Dan Xi Xin Fa)

3、治风湿性关节炎，跌打肿痛，乌药鲜叶，捣烂，酒炒，敷患处。（《广西中药志》）
3. For treating rheumatoid arthritis and traumatic swelling and pain: apply mashed fresh Wuyao leaves, stir-fried with wine, externally to the affected area. (Guangxi Zhong Yao Zhi)

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：全年均可采收，洗净，鲜用或晒干。
Harvesting and processing: Can be collected all year round, washed, and used fresh or dried.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：樟科植物乌药。
Species: Lindera aggregata (Sims) Kosterm., a plant of the Lauraceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

植物乌药，别名独脚樟。为常绿灌木，高达4-5米。根木质，膨大粗壮，略成连珠状。树皮灰绿色。幼枝密生锈色毛，老时几无毛；叶互生，革质；叶柄长5-10毫米，有毛；叶片椭圆形或卵形，长3-7.5厘米，宽1.5-4厘米，先端长渐尖或短尾状，基部圆形或广楔形，全缘，上面有光泽，仅中脉有毛，下面生灰白色柔毛，三出脉，中脉直达叶尖。花单性，异株；伞形花序腋生，总花梗极短；花被片6，黄绿色；雄花有雄蕊9，3轮，花药2室，内向瓣裂。雌花有退化雄蕊，子房上位，球形，1室，胚珠1枚，柱头头状。核果椭圆形或圆形，长0.6-1厘米，直径4-7毫米，熟时紫黑色。花期3-4月，果期9-10月。
The plant Wuyao, also known as Dujiao Zhang, is an evergreen shrub growing up to 4–5 meters tall. The roots are woody, swollen and robust, slightly bead-like. Bark is gray-green. Young branches are densely covered with rust-colored hairs, becoming nearly glabrous with age. Leaves are alternate and leathery; petioles 5–10 mm long, hairy; leaf blades elliptic or ovate, 3–7.5 cm long, 1.5–4 cm wide, with a long acuminate or shortly caudate apex, rounded or broadly cuneate base, entire margin; upper surface shiny with only midrib hairy, lower surface covered with grayish-white pubescent hairs; with three prominent veins, the midvein extending directly to the leaf tip. Flowers are unisexual and dioecious; umbel inflorescences axillary, peduncle very short; tepals 6, yellow-green; male flowers with 9 stamens in 3 whorls, anthers 2-celled, dehiscing inwardly. Female flowers have rudimentary stamens, superior spherical ovary, single-chambered, with one ovule, stigma capitate. Fruit is an ellipsoid or globose drupe, 0.6–1 cm long, 4–7 mm in diameter, turning purple-black when ripe. Flowering from March to April, fruiting from September to October.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于我国陕西、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖北、湖南、广西、四川等地。
Distributed in Shaanxi, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan, and other regions of China.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于向阳山坡灌木林中或林缘以及山麓、旷野等地。
Grows in shrublands on sunny slopes, forest margins, foothills, and open wastelands.