铜钱细辛，中药名。为马兜铃科细辛属植物铜钱细辛AsarumdebileFranch.的全草。植物铜钱细辛，分布于我国安徽、湖北、陕西、四川。具有发表散寒，温肺化痰，行气止痛，祛风除湿之功效。主治风寒感冒，肺寒喘咳，风寒湿痹，脘腹疼痛，鼻窦炎，龋齿痛。
Tong-qian-xi-xin, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. AsarumdebileFranch.) is the whole herb of the plant AsarumdebileFranch. of the Aristolochiaceae family. The plant Tong-qian-xi-xin is distributed in Anhui, Hubei, Shaanxi, and Sichuan provinces of China. It has the functions of dispersing cold, warming the lungs, transforming phlegm, promoting qi circulation, relieving pain, and dispelling wind and dampness. It is mainly used for treating wind-cold type of common cold, cold cough due to lung cold, wind-cold-damp arthralgia, abdominal pain, sinusitis, and toothache.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

发表散寒，温肺化痰，行气止痛，祛风除湿。
Dispersing cold, warming the lungs, resolving phlegm, promoting qi circulation, relieving pain, and dispelling wind and dampness.

主治 Indications

风寒感冒，肺寒喘咳，风寒湿痹，脘腹疼痛，鼻窦炎，龋齿痛。
Wind-cold type common cold, lung-cold asthma and cough, wind-cold dampness arthralgia, abdominal pain, sinusitis, and toothache.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，2～6g；或研末，每次0.5～1.5g，开水送服。
Internal administration: Decoction, 2-6g; or powdered, 0.5-1.5g each time, taken with boiling water.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《秦岭巴山天然药物志》：“发表散寒，化痰止咳，祛风，行水开窍。主治风寒感冒，肺寒喘咳，面瘫，鼻窦炎，牙痛。”
"Qinling and Bashan Natural Medicinal Records": "Disperses cold, transforms phlegm, stops cough, expels wind, promotes urination, and opens the orifices. Used to treat wind-cold common cold, cold-induced asthma, facial paralysis, sinusitis, and toothache."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

洽腹痛，腹胀，铜钱细辛研末，每次1～1.5g，温开水吞服。（《恩施中草药手册》）
For abdominal pain and distension, grind 1-1.5g of the processed Xixin (Asarum) into a fine powder and take it with warm water. (From "Enshi Chinese Herbal Medicine Handbook")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：5～8月挖取全草，洗净，置通风处阴干。
Harvesting and processing: from May to August, the entire plant is harvested, washed, and dried in the shade in a well-ventilated area.

药材鉴别 Medicinal Material Identification

药材性状：根茎棕黄色，直径1～2㎜，节间长0.5～1.7㎝，可约至2.5㎝；断面类正方形，形成层环棕褐色。根纤细。叶片较小，展平后呈心形，长2.5～4㎝，宽3～6㎝，先端急尖或钝，基部心形，叶缘有睫毛，上面散生白色柔毛，脉上毛密；叶柄长5～12㎝。气芳香，味辛辣。
The characteristics of the medicinal material: The rhizome is yellow-brown, with a diameter of 1-2 mm and internodes ranging from 0.5 to 1.7 cm, occasionally up to 2.5 cm; the cross-section is nearly square, forming a brownish ring. The roots are slender. The leaves are relatively small, heart-shaped when spread out, 2.5-4 cm long and 3-6 cm wide, with an acute or obtuse apex, and a cordate base. The leaf margin has cilia, and the upper surface is scattered with white soft hairs, with dense hairs on the veins; the petiole is 5-12 cm long. The plant has a fragrant aroma and a pungent taste.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：马兜铃科细辛属植物铜钱细辛。
Plant species: Asarum heterotropoides, belonging to the genus Asarum in the Aristolochiaceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

多年生草本，植株通常矮小，高10～15厘米；根状茎横走，粗1～2毫米；根纤维状。叶2片对生于枝顶，叶片心形，长2.5～4厘米，宽3～6厘米，先端急尖或钝，基部心形，两侧裂片长7～20毫米，宽10～25毫米，顶端圆形，叶缘在中部常内弯，叶面深绿色，散生柔毛，脉上较密，叶背浅绿色，光滑或脉上有毛；叶柄长5～12厘米；芽苞叶卵形，长约10毫米，宽约7毫米，边缘密生睫毛。花紫色；花梗长1～1.5厘米，无毛；花被在子房以上合生成短管，直径约8毫米，裂片宽卵形，被长柔毛，长约10毫米，宽8毫米，先端渐窄，有时成长约1毫米的短尖头；雄蕊12，稀较少，与花柱近等长，花丝比花药长约1.5倍，药隔通常不伸出，稀略伸出；子房下位，近球状，具6棱，初有柔毛，后逐渐脱落，花柱合生，顶端辐射6裂，柱头顶生。花期5～6月。
Perennial herb, usually with a small plant height of 10-15 centimeters; rhizomes are horizontal, 1-2 millimeters thick, and fibrous. Leaves are paired at the top of the branch, heart-shaped, 2.5-4 centimeters long, 3-6 centimeters wide, with an acute or obtuse apex, heart-shaped base, and lobes on both sides measuring 7-20 millimeters long and 10-25 millimeters wide, with a rounded apex. The leaf margin is often inwardly curved in the middle, the leaf surface is dark green, sparsely hairy, with dense veins, the back of the leaf is light green, smooth or hairy on the veins; petioles are 5-12 centimeters long; bud bracts are ovate, about 10 millimeters long and 7 millimeters wide, densely hairy on the edges. The flowers are purple; the pedicels are 1-1.5 centimeters long, hairless; the perianth above the ovary forms a short tube, about 8 millimeters in diameter, with broadly ovate lobes, covered in long soft hairs, about 10 millimeters long and 8 millimeters wide, gradually narrowing at the apex, sometimes forming a short tip about 1 millimeter long; there are 12 stamens, rarely fewer, nearly equal in length to the pistil, with filaments about 1.5 times longer than the anthers, the connective usually not extending, rarely slightly extending; the ovary is inferior, nearly globose, with 6 ridges, initially hairy, gradually falling off, the style is fused, with a radiating 6-cleft apex, and the stigma is terminal. The flowering period is from May to June.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于我国安徽、湖北、陕西、四川。
Distributed in Anhui, Hubei, Shaanxi, and Sichuan provinces of China.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔1300～2300米林下石缝或溪边湿地上。
Born in the crevices of the forest floor or wetlands by the stream at an altitude of 1300 to 2300 meters.