商陆花，中药名。为商陆科商陆属植物商陆PhytolaccaacinosaRoxb.或垂序商陆PhytolaccaamericanaL.的花。植物商陆，分布于全国大部分地区；植物垂序商陆，分布于陕西、河北、江苏、山东、浙江、江西、湖北、广西、四川等地。具有化痰开窍之功效。主治痰湿上蒙，健忘，嗜睡，耳目不聪。
Shang-lu-hua, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It refers to the flowers of the plants in the Phytolacca genus, such as Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. or Phytolacca americana L. The plant Phytolacca is distributed in most parts of the country, while Phytolacca americana is found in Shaanxi, Hebei, Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hubei, Guangxi, Sichuan, and other regions. It is effective in resolving phlegm and opening the orifices, and is used to treat phlegm obstruction, forgetfulness, drowsiness, and dullness of hearing and vision.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

化痰开窍。主治
Resolve phlegm and open the orifices. Mainly used for治疗。

痰湿上蒙，健忘，嗜睡，耳目不聪。用法用量
Phlegm-dampness obstructing the upper orifices, forgetfulness, excessive sleepiness, and dullness of hearing and vision. Dosage and administration.

内服：研末，1-3g。注意事项
Internal administration: 1-3g of powdered medicine. Please pay attention to the following precautions.

孕妇忌服。相关论述
Pregnant women should avoid taking it. Relevant discussions.

《本草图经》：“主人心惛塞，多忘喜误（‘误’一作‘卧’），取花阴干百日，捣末，日暮水服方寸匕。”加工炮制 采收加工
"The Compendium of Materia Medica": "For the treatment of palpitations and forgetfulness, take dried flowers of Gardenia jasminoides for one hundred days, grind them into powder, and take the powder with water in the evening using a square-inch spoon." Processing method: Harvest and process.

7-8月花期采集，去杂质，晒干或阴干。药材鉴别 药材性状
Harvest the flowers in July and August, remove impurities, and dry them in the sun or shade. Identify the medicinal materials and their properties.

花略呈颗粒状圆球形，直径约6mm，棕黄色或淡黄褐色，具短梗。短梗基部有1枚苞片及2枚小苞片，苞片线形。花被片5，卵形或椭圆形，长3-4mm；雄蕊8-10，有时脱落，心皮8-10枚。有时可见顶弯稍反曲的短小柱头。体轻，质柔韧。气微，味淡。植物学信息 植物种属
The flowers are roughly granular and spherical, with a diameter of about 6mm, and are brownish-yellow or light yellow-brown in color, with short stalks. At the base of the short stalk, there is one bract and two small bracts, which are linear in shape. The petals are 5 in number, ovate or elliptical, and 3-4mm long; there are 8-10 stamens, which may sometimes fall off, and 8-10 carpels. Sometimes, a slightly recurved short stigma can be seen. The plant is light in weight, with a soft and flexible texture. It has a mild aroma and a bland taste. Botanical information about the plant species.

商陆科商陆属植物商陆或垂序商陆。形态特征
Polygonaceae, Polygonum chinense or Polygonum capitatum. Morphological characteristics.

1、商陆，多年生草本，高达1.5m。全株光滑无毛。根粗壮，圆锥形，肉质，外皮淡黄色，有横长皮孔，侧根甚多。茎绿色或紫红色，多分枝。单叶互生，具柄；柄的基部稍扁宽；叶片卵状椭圆形或椭圆形，长12-15cm，宽5-8cm，先端急尖或渐尖，基部渐狭，全缘。总状花序生于枝端或侧生于茎上，花序直立；花被片5，初白色后渐变为淡红色；雄蕊8-10；心皮8-10个，分离，但紧密靠拢。浆果，扁圆状，有宿萼，熟时呈深红紫色或黑色。种子肾形黑色。花、果期5-10月。2、垂序商陆，形态与上种相似，区别在于本种茎紫红色，棱角较为明显，叶片通常较上种略窄，总状果序下垂，雄蕊及心皮通常10枚。花期7-8月，果期8-10月。分布区域

1. Polygonum cuspidatum is a perennial herbaceous plant that can grow up to 1.5 meters tall. The entire plant is smooth and hairless. It has thick, conical, fleshy roots with a pale yellow outer skin and horizontal lenticels, and numerous lateral roots. The stems are green or purple-red and often branched. The leaves are alternate, petiolate, with slightly flattened and widened bases; they are ovate-elliptic or elliptic, 12-15 cm long and 5-8 cm wide, with an acute or gradually pointed apex, gradually narrowing base, and entire margins. The inflorescence is a terminal or axillary spike, with upright flowers; the 5 tepals are initially white, later turning pale red; there are 8-10 stamens and 8-10 separate but closely appressed carpels. The fruit is flattened and round with persistent sepals, turning deep purple-red or black when ripe. The kidney-shaped seeds are black. The flowering and fruiting period is from May to October.2. Polygonum chinense is similar in morphology to the above species, but with distinct differences. The stems of this species are purple-red with more prominent edges, the leaves are usually slightly narrower than those of the previous species, and the pendulous racemes of fruits have usually 10 stamens and carpels. It flowers from July to August and fruits from August to October. Distribution area: [missing information].

1、商陆：分布于全国大部分地区。2、垂序商陆：分布于陕西、河北、江苏、山东、浙江、江西、湖北、广西、四川等地。生长环境

1. Polygonum chinense: distributed in most parts of the country.2. Polygonum chinense var. angustissimum: distributed in Shaanxi, Hebei, Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hubei, Guangxi, Sichuan, and other regions. Growing environment.

1、商陆，生于路旁疏林下，或栽培于庭园。2、垂序商陆，生于林下、路边及宅旁阴湿处。

1. Polygonum aviculare grows naturally on the roadside under sparse forests, or it can be cultivated in gardens.2. Polygonum chinense grows in damp and shady places under forests, along roadsides, and near houses.