芜菁，中药名。为十字花科芸苔属植物芜菁BrassicarapaL.的根或叶。植物芜菁，我国各地均有栽培。具有消食下气，解毒消肿之功效。主治宿食不化，心腹冷痛，咳嗽，疔毒痈肿。
Turnip , name of Chinese Medicinal Material. u-jing). It refers to the root or leaves of the plant Brassica rapa L. of the Cruciferae family. Turnips are cultivated in various regions of China. They are known for their effects in aiding digestion, dispelling gas, detoxification, and reducing swelling. They are mainly used to treat indigestion, abdominal pain due to cold, cough, and carbuncles.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

消食下气，解毒消肿。主治
Promoting digestion, relieving bloating, detoxifying, and reducing swelling. Mainly used for治疗。

宿食不化，心腹冷痛，咳嗽，疔毒痈肿。用法用量
Indigestion, cold and pain in the abdomen, cough, and carbuncle with swelling. Dosage and usage.

内服：煮食或捣汁饮。外用：适量，捣敷。注意事项
Internal use: decoction or juice for oral administration. External use: apply an appropriate amount and use as a poultice. Precautions.

不可多食，令人气胀。药理作用
Overeating can cause bloating. Pharmacological effects.

1、抗菌及抗寄生虫作用。2、抑制甲状腺素合成作用。相关论述

1. Antibacterial and antiparasitic effects.2. Inhibition of thyroid hormone synthesis. Related discussions.

1、《新修本草》：“芜菁北人名蔓菁，根、叶及子乃是菘类，与芦菔全别，至于体用亦殊，今言芜菁子似芦菔，或谓芦菔叶不堪食，兼言小薰体是江表不产二物，斟酌注铭，理丧其真尔。”2、《日华子》：“蔓菁梗短，叶大，连地上生阔叶，红色者是蔓菁。”临床应用 相关配伍

1. "Newly Revised Materia Medica": "Turnip is called 'manjing' by people in the north. Its roots, leaves, and seeds belong to the Brassicaceae family, distinct from radish. Their properties and uses are also different. Today, it is said that turnip seeds resemble radish seeds, and some say radish leaves are not edible. It is also mentioned that 'xiaoxun' is a plant not found in the Jiangnan region. Carefully consider and record this information to avoid losing its authenticity."2. "Rihua Zi": "Manjing has short stems, large leaves, and broad leaves that grow on the ground. The red ones are manjing." Clinical applications and relevant combinations.

1、治卒毒肿起，急痛，芜菁根（大者，削去上皮）、熟捣，苦酒和如泥，煮三沸，急搅之出，敷肿，帛裹上，日再三易。（《肘后方》）2、治毒热肿，芜菁根三两，芸薹苗叶根三两。上二味，捣筛为散，以鸡子清和贴之，干即易之。（《外台》引《近效方》）3、治乳痛疼痛寒热，芜菁根叶，净择去土，不用洗，以盐捣敷乳上，热即换，不过三五度。冬无叶即用根。切须避风。（《兵部手集方》）4、治男子阴卒肿痛，捣芜菁根，若马鞭草，敷，并良。（《肘后方》）5、治瘰疬结核，久不瘥，芜菁四十九枚，麒麟竭一两。上二味，同于藏瓶存性烧过，地上出火毒。研细。每服半钱匕，米饮调下，加至一钱匕。（《圣济总录》异效散）6、治小儿头秃疮，不中水芜菁叶，烧作灰，和猪脂敷之。（《千金要方》）加工炮制 采收加工

1. For treating sudden toxic swelling with severe pain, take the roots of turnips (large ones, peel off the skin), mash them after cooking, mix with bitter wine to form a paste, boil it three times, stir vigorously to extract, apply it on the swelling, wrap with silk, change it two to three times a day. (From "Zhou Hou Fang")2. For treating toxic heat swelling, take three liang of turnip roots and three liang of turnip greens. Grind and sift the two ingredients into a powder, mix with chicken egg white, apply it, and change it when dry. (From "Wai Tai" quoting "Jin Xiao Fang")3. For treating breast pain with cold and hot sensations, take turnip roots and leaves, clean and remove the soil, do not wash, grind with salt and apply on the breasts, change when hot, not more than three to five times. In winter, if there are no leaves, use the roots. Must avoid wind. (From "Bing Bu Shou Ji Fang")4. For treating sudden swelling and pain in the male genitals, grind turnip roots and Herba Cynomorii, apply them together. (From "Zhou Hou Fang")5. For treating stubborn lymphadenitis and nodules that do not heal for a long time, take forty-nine turnip seeds and one liang of Qilin horn. Grind the two ingredients together after burning them in a sealed bottle to eliminate the toxic properties. Take half a qian spoonful per dose, mix with rice water, gradually increase to one qian spoonful. (From "Sheng Ji Zong Lu" for extraordinary effects)6. For treating alopecia and sores in children, use turnip leaves burned to ash without water, mix with lard and apply. (From "Qian Jin Yao Fang") Harvesting and processing.

冬季及翌年3月间采收，鲜用或晒干。药材鉴别 药材性状
Harvest during winter and the following March, for fresh use or drying. Identification of medicinal materials and their characteristics.

块根肉质，膨大成球形、扁圆形或长椭圆形，直径5-15cm。上部淡黄棕色，较光滑，下部类白色或淡黄色，两侧各有1条纵沟，沟中着生多数须状侧根，根头部有环状排列的叶痕。横切面类白色，木质部占大部分，主要为薄壁组织。气微，味谈。叶多皱缩成条状，基生叶展平后呈阔披针形，长20-50cm，羽状深裂，裂片边缘波状或浅齿裂，表面蓝绿色，疏生白色糙毛；叶柄长10-15cm，两侧有叶状小裂片。质厚。气微，味淡。植物学信息 植物种属
The rhizome is fleshy, enlarged into spherical, oval, or elongated shapes, with a diameter of 5-15cm. The upper part is light yellow-brown, relatively smooth, while the lower part is white or light yellow, with a longitudinal groove on each side, bearing numerous root-like lateral roots in the groove, with ring-shaped leaf scars at the root head. The cross-section is white, with the woody part predominating, mainly composed of thin-walled tissues. It has a slight odor and a mild taste. The leaves are wrinkled and elongated, with basal leaves spreading out into broad lanceolate shapes, 20-50cm long, deeply lobed, with wavy or shallowly toothed edges, blue-green surface, sparsely covered with white rough hairs; leaf stalks are 10-15cm long, with leaf-like small lobes on both sides. Thick texture. It has a slight odor and a mild taste. Botanical information about the plant species.

十字花科芸苔属植物芜菁。形态特征
The cruciferous plant turnip belongs to the genus Brassica. Morphological characteristics.

植物芜菁，别名地蔓菁《内蒙古植物志》，扁萝卜、圆根（云南、西藏），盘菜（浙江）。为二年生草本，高达100厘米；块根肉质，球形、扁圆形或长圆形，外皮白色、黄色或红色，根肉质白色或黄色，无辣味；茎直立，有分枝，下部稍有毛，上部无毛。基生叶大头羽裂或为复叶，长20-34厘米，顶裂片或小叶很大，边缘波状或浅裂，侧裂片或小叶约5对，向下渐变小，上面有少数散生刺毛，下面有白色尖锐刺毛；叶柄长10-16厘米，有小裂片；中部及上部茎生叶长圆披针形，长3-12厘米，无毛，带粉霜，基部宽心形，至少半抱茎，无柄。总状花序顶生；花直径4-5毫米；花梗长10-15毫米；萼片长圆形，长4-6毫米；花瓣鲜黄色，倒披针形，长4-8毫米，有短爪。长角果线形，长3.5-8厘米，果瓣具1显明中脉；喙长10-20毫米；果梗长达3厘米。种子球形，直径约1.8毫米，浅黄棕色，近种脐处黑色，有细网状窠穴。花期3-4月，果期5-6月。生长环境
The plant Brassica juncea, also known as Chinese mustard, is a biennial herbaceous plant. It is also called "dimanqing" in Inner Mongolia, "bianluobo" or "yuangen" in Yunnan and Tibet, and "pancai" in Zhejiang. It can grow up to 100 centimeters in height. The root is fleshy, spherical, oblate, or elongated, with white, yellow, or red skin, and white or yellow flesh without a spicy taste. The stem is erect, branching, slightly hairy at the base, and hairless at the top. The basal leaves are large, pinnately lobed or compound, 20-34 centimeters long, with large terminal lobes or leaflets, wavy or shallowly lobed margins, and about 5 pairs of lateral lobes or leaflets gradually decreasing in size downwards, with a few scattered prickles on the upper surface and sharp white prickles on the lower surface. The petiole is 10-16 centimeters long, with small lobes. The stem leaves in the middle and upper parts are lanceolate to elliptic, 3-12 centimeters long, hairless, powdery, with a wide cordate base at least half embracing the stem, and without a petiole. The terminal raceme is 4-5 millimeters in diameter, with a 10-15 millimeter long pedicel, oblong sepals 4-6 millimeters long, bright yellow petals, inverted lanceolate, 4-8 millimeters long, with short claws. The siliques are linear, 3.5-8 centimeters long, with each valve having a prominent midvein, a 10-20 millimeter long beak, and a pedicel up to 3 centimeters long. The seeds are spherical, about 1.8 millimeters in diameter, light yellow-brown, black near the hilum, with fine reticulate pits. The flowering period is from March to April, and the fruiting period is from May to June. Habitat:

喜湿润的砂质壤土，适应偏酸性土壤，要求湿润环境。
Prefers moist sandy loam soil, suitable for slightly acidic soil, and requires a moist environment.