香毛草，中药名。为败酱科植物小缬草ValerianatanguticaBat.的根或全草。分布于内蒙古、宁夏、甘肃、青海。具有止咳，止血，散瘀，止痛之功效。用于咳嗽，咳血，吐血，衄血，崩漏下血，风湿痹痛，骨折。
Xiang-mao-cao, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. ValerianatanguticaBat) is the root or whole plant of ValerianatanguticaBat, a plant in the Valerianaceae family. It is distributed in Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Gansu, and Qinghai. It is effective in relieving cough, stopping bleeding, promoting blood circulation, and alleviating pain. It is used for cough, hemoptysis, hematemesis, epistaxis, menometrorrhagia, rheumatic arthralgia, and fractures.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

止咳，止血，散瘀，止痛。
Relieve cough, stop bleeding, disperse stasis, and alleviate pain.

主治 Indications

用于咳嗽，咳血，吐血，衄血，崩漏下血，风湿痹痛，骨折。
Indications: cough, hemoptysis, vomiting blood, epistaxis, abnormal uterine bleeding, rheumatic pain, and fractures.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，2-5g。
Internal administration: Decoction, 2-5g.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《青藏高原药物图鉴》：“接骨排脓。治骨折及流感。”
"Medicinal Encyclopedia of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau": "Promotes bone healing and pus drainage. Used for treating fractures and influenza."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、胸腹满痛：炒香毛草2-3钱，水煎服。

1. Fullness and pain in the chest and abdomen: Fry 6-9 grams of Xiang Mao Cao until fragrant, decoct in water and take orally.

2、咳嗽：香毛草2-3钱，水煎调冰糖适量服。
2. Cough: Take 6-9 grams of Xiang Mao Cao, decoct in water, and add an appropriate amount of rock sugar.

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：7-9月采收，洗净，晒干。
Harvest from July to September, wash, and dry.

药材鉴别 Herbal Identification

药材性状：根茎粗短，生多数细根，根直径不足1mm，表面棕黄色，具纵皱纹；质脆易折断，断面黄白色。茎细。叶基生，具长柄；叶片多皱缩破碎，完整者展平后呈3-5全裂，顶端叶片较大，先端微凹，全缘，侧裂片较小，疏离；叶片薄而脆。聚伞花序顶生，花白色或棕黄色。瘦果长圆形，扁平。气芳香，味微苦。以叶多、色绿、根粗壮、色黄、香气浓者为佳。
The herb's characteristics: The rhizome is short and thick, with numerous fine roots less than 1mm in diameter, brownish-yellow in color, and longitudinally wrinkled; it is brittle and easily broken, with a yellowish-white cross-section. The stem is slender. Leaves are basal with long petioles; leaf blades are often wrinkled and fragmented, when intact they are 3-5 parted, with larger terminal segments slightly concave at the apex and entire margins, lateral segments smaller and spaced apart; leaves are thin and fragile. Terminal cymbose inflorescence with white or brownish-yellow flowers. Achenes are oblong and flattened. It has a fragrant odor and slightly bitter taste. Preferred qualities include abundant green leaves, thick yellow roots, and strong fragrance.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：败酱科植物小缬草。
Plant species: Valeriana tangutica (Caprifoliaceae family), commonly known as small valerian.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

小缬草又名唐古特缬草。细弱小草本，高10-15(-20)厘米，全株无毛；根状茎斜升，顶端包有膜质纤维状老叶鞘；根细带状，根状茎及根均具有浓香味。基生叶薄纸质，心状宽卵形或长方状卵形，长1-2-4厘米，宽约1厘米，全缘或大头羽裂，顶裂片圆或椭圆形，长宽约1厘米，全缘，侧裂片1-2对，小椭圆形或狭椭圆形，两端均钝圆，全缘；叶柄长达5厘米；茎上部叶羽状3-7深裂，裂片线状披针形，全缘。半球形的聚伞花序顶生，直径1-2厘米；小苞片披针形，边缘膜质。花白色或有时粉红色，花冠筒状漏斗形，长5-6毫米，花冠5裂，裂片倒卵形；雌雄蕊近等长，均伸出于花冠之外。子房椭圆形、光秃。花期6-7月，果期7-8月。
Small Valerian, also known as Tangut Valerian, is a delicate herb 10-15(-20) cm tall, glabrous throughout. The rhizome is obliquely ascending, covered at the top with membranous fibrous old leaf sheaths. Roots are slender and strap-like, both rhizome and roots having a strong fragrance. Basal leaves are thin and papery, broadly cordate-ovate or oblong-ovate, 1-4 cm long and about 1 cm wide, entire or pinnately lobed with a large terminal lobe that is round or elliptical (about 1 cm in length and width), entire, and 1-2 pairs of smaller lateral lobes, narrowly elliptical, obtuse at both ends, and entire. Petioles up to 5 cm long. Upper stem leaves pinnately 3-7 deeply divided, with linear-lanceolate segments and entire margins. Terminal hemispherical cyme, 1-2 cm in diameter. Bracts lanceolate with membranous edges. Flowers white or sometimes pink, corolla tubular-funnel-shaped, 5-6 mm long, 5-lobed with obovate lobes. Stamens and pistil nearly equal in length, both exserted beyond the corolla. Ovary ellipsoid and glabrous. Flowering from June to July, fruiting from July to August.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于内蒙古、宁夏、甘肃、青海。
Distributed in Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Gansu, and Qinghai.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔1200-3600m的山沟或潮湿草地。
Grows in mountain ravines or damp meadows at altitudes of 1200-3600 meters.