算盘子，中药名。为大戟科植物算盘子Glochidionpuberum(L.)Hutch.的果实。分布于长江流域以南各地。具有清热除湿，解毒利咽，行气活血之功效。常用于痢疾，泄泻，黄疸，疟疾，淋浊，带下，咽喉肿痛，牙痛，疝痛，产后腹痛。
"Suan-pan-z, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. refers to the fruit of the plant Glochidion puberum (L.) Hutch. of the Euphorbiaceae family, distributed in various regions south of the Yangtze River. It is known for its effects of clearing heat and dampness, detoxifying, relieving sore throat, promoting blood circulation, and regulating qi. It is commonly used for dysentery, diarrhea, jaundice, malaria, cloudy urine, leukorrhea, sore throat, toothache, hernia pain, and postpartum abdominal pain.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热除湿，解毒利咽，行气活血。
Clearing heat and dampness, detoxifying and relieving sore throat, promoting qi circulation and activating blood circulation.

主治 Indications

痢疾，泄泻，黄疸，疟疾，淋浊，带下，咽喉肿痛，牙痛，疝痛，产后腹痛。
Dysentery, diarrhea, jaundice, malaria, gonorrhea, leukorrhea, sore throat, toothache, hernia pain, postpartum abdominal pain.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，9-15g。
Internal administration: Decoction, 9-15g.

注意事项 Precautions

有小毒，不可过量服用。
It is slightly toxic; should not be taken in excess.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

1、《分类草药性》：“清火，消虚气。治牙痛，淋浊，膀胱疝气。”
2、《安徽中草药》：“除湿止泻，清热解毒，活血散瘀。主治睾丸炎，痔疮肿痛，赤白带下，产后腹痛。”

1. "Herbal properties: Clearing heat, dispelling deficiency qi. Used to treat toothache, cloudy urine, and bladder hernia."
2. "Anhui Medicinal Herbs: Eliminating dampness and stopping diarrhea, clearing heat and detoxifying, promoting blood circulation and dispersing stasis. Mainly used for orchitis, painful hemorrhoids, abnormal vaginal discharge, and postpartum abdominal pain."

临床应用 Clinical Application

治疗痢疾。
Treatment for dysentery.

相关配伍 Relevant Herbal Combinations

1、治黄疸：算盘子60g，大米（炒焦黄）30-60g。水煎服。（《甘肃中草药手册》）
2、治尿道炎，小便不利：野南瓜果实15-30g。水煎服。（《湖北中草药志》）

1. Treatment for jaundice: 60g of Glochidion puberum, 30-60g of rice (fried until golden). Decoct in water and take orally. (From "Gansu Herbal Manual")
2. Treatment for urethritis and difficult urination: 15-30g of wild pumpkin fruits. Decoct in water and take orally. (From "Hubei Herbal Records")

附注 Note

该物种在贵州产量及蕴藏量较大，可大量开发利用。
This species has a large output and reserves in Guizhou, which can be extensively developed and utilized.

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：秋季采摘，拣净杂质，晒干。
Harvest in autumn, remove impurities, and sun-dry.

药材鉴别 Medicinal Material Identification

药材性状：蒴果扁球形，形如算盘珠，常具8-10条纵沟。红色或红棕色，被短绒毛，先端具环状稍伸长的宿存花柱。内有数颗种子，种子近肾形，具纵棱，表面红褐色。气微，味苦、涩。
Characteristics of the medicinal material: The fruit is a flattened spherical capsule, resembling an abacus bead, often with 8-10 longitudinal grooves. It is red or reddish-brown, covered with short hairs, and has a slightly elongated persistent stigma ring at the apex. Inside, there are several kidney-shaped seeds with longitudinal ridges, and the surface is reddish-brown. It has a mild odor, bitter and astringent taste.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：大戟科植物算盘子。
The plant species is Glochidion puberum, belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

直立灌木，高1-5米，多分枝；小枝灰褐色；小枝、叶片下面、萼片外面、子房和果实均密被短柔毛。叶片纸质或近革质，长圆形、长卵形或倒卵状长圆形，稀披针形，长3-8厘米，宽1-2.5厘米，顶端钝、急尖、短渐尖或圆，基部楔形至钝，上面灰绿色，仅中脉被疏短柔毛或几无毛，下面粉绿色；侧脉每边5-7条，下面凸起，网脉明显；叶柄长1-3毫米；托叶三角形，长约1毫米。花小，雌雄同株或异株，2-5朵簇生于叶腋内，雄花束常着生于小枝下部，雌花束则在上部，或有时雌花和雄花同生于一叶腋内；雄花花梗长4-15毫米；萼片6，狭长圆形或长圆状倒卵形，长2.5-3.5毫米；雄蕊3，合生呈圆柱状；雌花花梗长约1毫米；萼片6，与雄花的相似，但较短而厚；子房圆球状，5-10室，每室有2颗胚珠，花柱合生呈环状，长宽与子房几相等，与子房接连处缢缩。蒴果扁球状，直径8-15毫米，边缘有8-10条纵沟，成熟时带红色，顶端具有环状而稍伸长的宿存花柱，种子近肾形，具三棱，长约4毫米，朱红色。花期4-8月，果期7-11月。
Upright shrub, 1–5 meters tall, highly branched; young branches grayish-brown; young stems, lower leaf surfaces, outer sepals, ovary, and fruit densely covered with short soft hairs. Leaves papery or nearly leathery, oblong, ovate, or oblanceolate, rarely lanceolate, 3–8 cm long, 1–2.5 cm wide, apex blunt, acute, shortly acuminate, or rounded, base cuneate to obtuse, upper surface gray-green, sparsely short-pubescent only along midvein or nearly glabrous, lower surface powdery green; lateral veins 5–7 per side, prominent beneath, reticulate venation distinct; petiole 1–3 mm long; stipules triangular, about 1 mm long. Flowers small, monoecious or dioecious, 2–5 clustered in leaf axils; male inflorescences usually on lower parts of branches, female ones on upper parts, sometimes both sexes in same axil; male pedicels 4–15 mm long; sepals 6, narrowly oblong or oblong-spatulate, 2.5–3.5 mm long; stamens 3, fused into a cylindrical column; female pedicel about 1 mm long; sepals similar to male but shorter and thicker; ovary globose, 5–10-celled, each cell with 2 ovules; styles fused into a ring, nearly equal in size to ovary, constricted at junction with ovary. Capsule depressed-globose, 8–15 mm in diameter, with 8–10 longitudinal grooves, turning reddish when mature, apex bearing a ring-like, slightly elongated persistent style; seeds nearly reniform, trigonous, about 4 mm long, bright red. Flowering from April to August, fruiting from July to November.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于长江流域以南各地。
Distributed throughout regions south of the Yangtze River Basin.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生山坡灌丛中。
Growing in thickets on hillsides.