罂粟，中药名。为罂粟科植物野罂粟PapavernudicauleL.黑水野罂粟PapavernudicauleL.subsp.amurenseN.A.Busch和海罂粟GlauciumfimbrilligerumBoiss.的果实、果壳或带花的全草。野罂粟分布于东北及内蒙古、山西、宁夏、新疆等地；黑水野罂粟分布于东北、华北、华中等地；海罂粟分布于新疆。具有敛肺止咳，涩肠止泻，镇痛之功效。用于久咳喘息，泻痢，便血，脱肛，遗精，带下，头痛，胃痛，痛经。
Wild poppy, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It refers to the fruit, fruit shell, or whole plant with flowers of the plants in the Papaveraceae family, including Papaver nudicaule L. subsp. amurense N.A. Busch and Glaucium fimbrilligerum Boiss. Wild poppy is distributed in Northeast China, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Ningxia, Xinjiang, etc.; black water poppy is distributed in Northeast China, North China, and Central China; sea poppy is distributed in Xinjiang. It has the functions of astringing the lungs to stop coughing, astringing the intestines to stop diarrhea, and relieving pain. It is used for chronic cough, asthma, diarrhea, dysentery, hemorrhoids, spermatorrhea, leukorrhea, headache, stomachache, and dysmenorrhea.

功效作用 功能
The efficacy and functions

敛肺止咳，涩肠止泻，镇痛。主治
Consolidating the lungs to stop coughing, astringing the intestines to stop diarrhea, and relieving pain. Mainly used to treat...

用于久咳喘息，泻痢，便血，脱肛，遗精，带下，头痛，胃痛，痛经。用法用量
Used for chronic cough, wheezing, diarrhea, dysentery, rectal prolapse, spermatorrhea, leukorrhea, headache, stomach ache, and dysmenorrhea. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，3-6g。注意事项
Internal administration: Decoction, 3-6g. Precautions.

本品有毒，不可多服。服用过量可出现头昏，耳鸣，皮肤出疹，瘙痒，青紫等毒性反应。药理作用
This product is toxic and should not be taken in large doses. Overdosing may lead to dizziness, tinnitus, skin rash, itching, and other toxic reactions such as cyanosis. Pharmacological actions

1、野罂粟对自发活动是抑制的。

1. Wild poppy has an inhibitory effect on spontaneous activity.

2、对肠管呈兴奋作用，增强肠蠕动。
2. It has an excitatory effect on the intestines, enhancing intestinal peristalsis.

3、对呼吸无影响。
3. No impact on respiration.

4、纳洛酮能对抗吗啡的镇痛作用，但不对抗野罂粟生物碱的镇痛作用。
Naloxone can counteract the analgesic effects of morphine, but it does not counteract the analgesic effects of endogenous opioids.

5、野罂粟生物碱无成瘾性。
5. The alkaloids in wild poppy are non-addictive.

相关论述
"Relevant discussion"

《吉林中草药》：“涩肠止痛，解毒。治肠炎，痢疾。”临床应用 临床应用
"Jilin Traditional Chinese Medicine: 'Astringent intestines, relieves pain, detoxifies. Used to treat enteritis and dysentery.' Clinical application."

治疗慢性气管炎。相关配伍
Treatment of chronic bronchitis. Related prescriptions.

1、治肠炎，痢疾：丽春花6g，刺黄柏9g，土木香3g。水煎服。
Treatment for enteritis and dysentery: 6g of Lonicera japonica, 9g of Phellodendron amurense, and 3g of Agastache rugosa. Decoction and oral administration.

2、治水泻不止：丽春花、紫参、列当各9g。水煎服。
2. To treat persistent diarrhea: 9g of Luchunhua (Flos Puerariae), Zishen (Radix Adenophorae), and Liedang (Herba Verbenae) each. Decoction and take orally.

3、治久咳自汗：丽春花、乌梅各9g，土木香，贝母各6g。水煎服。（1-3方出自《新疆中草药》）
3. Treatment for long-term cough with spontaneous sweating: 9g of Luchunhua, 9g of Wumei, 6g of Tumuxiang, and 6g of Beimu. Decoction and take orally. (Prescription 1-3 from "Xinjiang Chinese Herbal Medicine")

加工炮制 采收加工
processing and preparing, harvesting and processing

夏、秋季采收，除去须根，泥土，晒干。植物学信息 植物种属
Harvest in summer and autumn, remove the roots and soil, and dry in the sun. Botanical information: plant species.

罂粟科植物野罂粟、黑水野罂粟和海罂粟。形态特征
Papaveraceae plants include wild poppy, black field poppy, and sea poppy. Here are their morphological characteristics.

1、野罂粟，多年生草本，高20-60厘米。主根圆柱形，延长，上部粗2-5毫米，向下渐狭，或为纺锤状；根茎短，增粗，通常不分枝，密盖麦杆色、覆瓦状排列的残枯叶鞘。茎极缩短。叶全部基生，叶片轮廓卵形至披针形，长3-8厘米，羽状浅裂、深裂或全裂，裂片2-4对，全缘或再次羽状浅裂或深裂，小裂片狭卵形、狭披针形或长圆形，先端急尖、钝或圆，两面稍具白粉，密被或疏被刚毛，极稀近无毛；叶柄长(1-)5-12厘米，基部扩大成鞘，被斜展的刚毛。花葶1至数枚，圆柱形，直立，密被或疏被斜展的刚毛。花单生于花葶先端；花蕾宽卵形至近球形，长1.5-2厘米，密被褐色刚毛，通常下垂；萼片2，舟状椭圆形，早落；花瓣4，宽楔形或倒卵形，长(1.5-)2-3厘米，边缘具浅波状圆齿，基部具短爪，淡黄色、黄色或橙黄色，稀红色；雄蕊多数，花丝钻形，长0.6-1厘米，黄色或黄绿色，花药长圆形，长1-2毫米，黄白色、黄色或稀带红色；子房倒卵形至狭倒卵形，长0.5-1厘米，密被紧贴的刚毛，柱头4-8，辐射状。蒴果狭倒卵形、倒卵形或倒卵状长圆形，长1-1.7厘米，密被紧贴的刚毛，具4-8条淡色的宽肋；柱头盘平扁，具疏离、缺刻状的圆齿。种子多数，近肾形，小，褐色，表面具条纹和蜂窝小孔穴。花果期5-9月。

1. Wild poppy is a perennial herb, 20-60 centimeters tall. The main root is cylindrical, elongated, 2-5 millimeters thick at the top, gradually narrowing downwards, or spindle-shaped; the rhizome is short, thickened, usually unbranched, densely covered with withered leaf sheaths arranged in a wheat straw-like or tile-like pattern. The stem is greatly shortened. All the leaves are basal, with ovate to lanceolate leaf blades, 3-8 centimeters long, shallowly lobed, deeply lobed, or entire, with 2-4 pairs of lobes, entire or shallowly lobed or deeply lobed again, with narrow ovate, narrow lanceolate, or oblong lobes, acute, obtuse, or rounded at the apex, slightly powdery on both sides, densely or sparsely covered with stiff hairs, and almost hairless in rare cases; the petiole is (1-)5-12 centimeters long, with the base enlarged into a sheath, covered with obliquely spreading stiff hairs. The flower stalk is 1 to several, cylindrical, erect, densely or sparsely covered with obliquely spreading stiff hairs. The flower is solitary at the apex of the flower stalk; the flower bud is broadly ovate to nearly spherical, 1.5-2 centimeters long, densely covered with brown stiff hairs, usually drooping; the sepals are 2, boat-shaped or elliptic, early falling off; the petals are 4, broadly wedge-shaped or inverted ovate, (1.5-)2-3 centimeters long, with shallowly serrated margins, short claws at the base, pale yellow, yellow, or orange-yellow, rarely red; numerous stamens, filaments lanceolate, 0.6-1 centimeter long, yellow or yellow-green, anthers oblong, 1-2 millimeters long, yellowish-white, yellow, or rarely reddish; ovary inverted ovate to narrowly inverted ovate, 0.5-1 centimeter long, densely covered with closely appressed stiff hairs, with 4-8 radiating stigmas. The capsule is narrowly inverted ovate, inverted ovate, or narrowly oblong, 1-1.7 centimeters long, densely covered with closely appressed stiff hairs, with 4-8 pale ribs; the stigma is flat and disc-shaped, with scattered, notch-like rounded teeth. Numerous seeds, nearly kidney-shaped, small, brown, with striped and honeycomb-like pores on the surface. The flowering and fruiting period is from May to September.

2、黑水野罂粟，一年生草本，高约40cm。全株密生硬毛，富含乳汁，折断有白浆。叶全部基生；有短柄，具伸展的硬毛；叶卵形或长卵形，羽状深裂，裂片卵形、长卵形或披针形，边缘具同等深度缺刻，两面有硬毛，质稍肥厚。花大而美丽，白色，单生于一长花葶上；花瓣4枚，广倒卵形，长2.5-3.2cm，先端具波状缺刻；子房倒卵形，柱头分裂呈辐射状，8-16裂。蒴果卵形，孔裂。花期6-8月，果期7-8月。
2. Black water poppy is an annual herb, about 40cm tall. The whole plant is densely covered with stiff hairs, rich in latex, and breaks with white sap. The leaves are all basal, with short stalks and spreading stiff hairs. They are ovate or elongate-ovate, deeply lobed, with lobes ovate, elongate-ovate, or lanceolate, with equally deep serrations on the edges, and stiff hairs on both sides, slightly thick in texture. The flowers are large and beautiful, white, solitary on a long flower stalk; with 4 petals, broadly ovate, 2.5-3.2cm long, and with serrations at the apex; the ovary is inverted ovate, and the stigma is radially divided into 8-16 lobes. The capsule is ovate and dehiscent. The flowering period is from June to August, and the fruiting period is from July to August.

3、海罂粟又名：鳞果海罂粟。一年生草本，高约30厘米或更高。茎直立，不分枝。基生叶轮廓狭倒披针形，长7-10厘米，大头羽状深裂，下部裂片三角形，上部裂片卵形，具不规则的粗齿，顶生裂片近四方形，上端具粗齿；叶柄扁平；茎生叶宽长圆形，长1-3厘米，羽状分裂，裂片渐尖，基部心形、抱茎。花单个顶生，具长而粗壮的花梗；苞片宽卵形，具粗齿。花芽纺锤形，长1.5-2厘米，粗约5毫米，外面光滑；花瓣长约2厘米，橙黄色，具斑点。蒴果线状圆柱形，长12-18厘米，疏被紧贴、乳突状皮刺，成熟时自先端向基部开裂；果梗极长。花果期6-10月。分布区域
3. Papaver rhoeas, also known as the corn poppy, is an annual herb that grows to a height of about 30 centimeters or more. The stem is erect and unbranched. The basal leaves are narrowly lanceolate, 7-10 centimeters long, deeply pinnately lobed, with triangular lobes at the base and ovate lobes with irregular coarse teeth towards the top; the terminal lobe is nearly square with coarse teeth at the top. The petioles are flat. The stem leaves are broadly ovate, 1-3 centimeters long, pinnately lobed, gradually pointed, and heart-shaped at the base, clasping the stem. The solitary flowers are borne at the apex, with long and stout pedicels; the bracts are broadly ovate with coarse teeth. The flower buds are spindle-shaped, 1.5-2 centimeters long and about 5 millimeters thick, smooth on the outside; the petals are approximately 2 centimeters long, orange-yellow, and spotted. The capsule is linear-cylindrical, 12-18 centimeters long, sparsely covered with closely appressed, wart-like prickles, and opens from the apex to the base when mature; the fruit stalk is extremely long. The flowering and fruiting period is from June to October. This plant is distributed in... (the distribution area is not provided in the original text)

1、野罂粟：分布于东北及内蒙古、山西、宁夏、新疆等地。

1. Wild poppy: distributed in Northeast China, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Ningxia, Xinjiang, and other regions.

2、黑水野罂粟：分布于东北、华北、华中等地。
2. Black Water Poppy: Distributed in Northeast China, North China, Central China, and other regions.

3、海罂粟：分布于新疆。生长环境
3. Sea poppy: distributed in Xinjiang. Growing environment

1、野罂粟：生于山坡高燥地带。

1. Wild poppy: Grows in high and dry mountainous areas.

2、黑水野罂粟：生于山野、路旁、石砾地或河岸沙地。
2. Black field poppy: It grows in the wild, along roadsides, on gravelly ground, or on riverbank sandy soil.

3、海罂粟：生于沙砾石堆或干燥山坡。
3. Sea poppy: It grows in gravelly rock piles or dry slopes.