涩梨，中药名。为蔷薇科植物台湾林檎Malusdoumeri(Bois)Chev.[PirusdoumeriBois.Malusformosana(Kaw.etKoidz.)Kaw.etKoidz.]的果实。台湾林檎主产于台湾、广西等地。具有消食导滞，理气健脾之功效。常用于食积停滞，脘腹张痛，泄泻。
Se-li, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. The fruit of the rose family plant Taiwan apple Malus doumeri (Bois) Chev. [Pirus doumeri Bois. Malus formosana (Kaw. et Koidz.) Kaw. et Koidz.]. Taiwan apple is mainly produced in Taiwan, Guangxi, and other places. It has the functions of promoting digestion, relieving stagnation, regulating qi, and invigorating the spleen. It is often used for food stagnation, abdominal distention and pain, and diarrhea.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

消食导滞，理气健脾。主治
Promoting digestion and resolving stagnation, regulating qi and invigorating the spleen. This is the main treatment.

用于食积停滞，脘腹胀张痛，泄泻。用法用量
Indications: Used for food stagnation, abdominal distension and pain, and diarrhea.Dosage: Follow the prescribed dosage.

内服：煎汤，果9-15g；果炭碳6-15g。相关论述
Internal administration: Decoction, 9-15g of fruit; 6-15g of fruit charcoal. Relevant discussion.

1、《广西本草选编》：“理气健脾，消食导滞。”2、《台湾药用植物志》：“上人以果供食，果煎服为健胃剂。”临床应用 相关配伍

1. "Compendium of Materia Medica from Guangxi: 'Regulate Qi, invigorate the spleen, promote digestion, and relieve stagnation.'"2. "Flora of Medicinal Plants in Taiwan: 'The ripe fruit can be consumed as food, and a decoction of the fruit is used as a digestive tonic.' Clinical applications and relevant compatibility."

1、治食积停滞，脘腹胀满疼痛：山楂果9～15g。水煎服。2、治大便溏泄：山楂炭6～12g。水煎服。(1～2方出自《广西本草选编》)加工炮制 采收加工

1. For treating food stagnation with abdominal distention and pain: take 9-15g of hawthorn fruit, decoct in water and take orally.2. For treating loose stools: take 6-12g of hawthorn charcoal, decoct in water and take orally. (The above prescriptions are from "Compilation of Guangxi Materia Medica"). Processing and preparation: harvesting and processing.

果实成熟时采摘，鲜用或用沸水烫10min后，捞起切片，晒干。药材鉴别 药材性状
The fruit is harvested when ripe, and can be used fresh or blanched in boiling water for 10 minutes, then sliced and dried in the sun. Identification of medicinal materials and their characteristics.

1、药材性状本品果实球形，直径4～5．5cm，表面棕红色或棕褐色，具细纹，无斑点；顶端隆起，有宿萼，萼片反卷。干品为类圆形切片，直径1．5～4．2cm，厚0．3～lcm。外皮棕红色至紫棕色，有细皱纹，边缘略内卷。果肉厚0．4～1．2cm，淡棕红色，中部横切片可见5个子房室，每室具种子2粒。种子皮薄而易碎，但种子多脱落而中空。顶部切片可见管状突起的宿存萼筒，有微柔毛或无毛。有的切片可见残存的果柄。气微，味酸、微涩。2、饮片性状焦涩梨形同涩梨，表面焦黑色，内部焦褐色。植物学信息 植物种属

1. The medicinal material has spherical fruits with a diameter of 4-5.5cm. The surface is reddish-brown or brown, with fine lines but no spots. The top is raised with persistent sepals that are curled back. When dried, it forms circular slices with a diameter of 1.5-4.2cm and a thickness of 0.3-1cm. The outer skin ranges from reddish-brown to purplish-brown, with fine wrinkles and slightly curled edges. The flesh is 0.4-1.2cm thick, pale reddish-brown, and cross-sections in the middle reveal 5 locules, each containing 2 seeds. The seed coat is thin and fragile, with many seeds detached and hollow. In top sections, there are tubular protrusions of persistent sepals, sometimes with fine hairs or without hairs. Some sections may show remnants of the fruit stalk. It has a mild aroma, sour taste, and slightly astringent flavor.2. The dried slices have a scorched and astringent pear-like shape, with a scorched black surface and a scorched brown interior. Botanical information about the plant species.

蔷薇科植物台湾林檎。形态特征
Rosaceae plant Taiwan apple. Morphological characteristics.

台湾林檎：又名台湾海棠。乔木，高达15m。嫩枝被长柔毛，老枝暗灰褐色或紫褐色，无毛。单叶互生；叶柄长1．5～3cm；托叶膜质，线状披针形，早落；叶片长椭圆形至卵状披针形，长9～15cm，宽4～6．5cm，边缘有不整齐尖锐锯齿，嫩时两面有白色绒毛，成熟时脱落。花两性；花序近似伞形，有花4～5朵，花梗长1．5～3cm，有白色绒毛；花黄白色，直径2．5～3cm；萼筒倒钟形，外面有绒毛；萼片卵状披针形，全缘，内面密被白色绒毛；花瓣5，卵形，基部具短爪；雄蕊约30，花药黄色；花柱4～5，基部有长绒毛，较雄蕊长，柱头半圆形。梨果球形，直径4～5．5cm，黄红色，宿萼有短筒，萼片反折，先端隆起，果心分离，外面有红点；果梗长1～3cm。花、果期夏秋季。分布区域
Taiwan Apple: also known as Taiwan Malus. It is a tall tree, reaching up to 15 meters in height. The young branches are covered with long soft hairs, while the old branches are dark gray-brown or purple-brown and hairless. The leaves are alternate; leaf stalks are 1.5-3 cm long; stipules membranous, linear-lanceolate, early falling off; leaf blades are oblong-ovate to lanceolate, 9-15 cm long, 4-6.5 cm wide, with irregular sharp serrations on the edges. When young, both sides of the leaves have white hairs, which fall off when mature. The flowers are bisexual; the inflorescence is umbel-like, with 4-5 flowers, flower stalks are 1.5-3 cm long, with white hairs; flowers are yellow-white, 2.5-3 cm in diameter; calyx tube is inverted bell-shaped, hairy on the outside; sepals are lanceolate-ovate, entire, densely covered with white hairs on the inside; petals are 5, ovate, with short claws at the base; stamens are about 30, anthers are yellow; pistils are 4-5, with long hairs at the base, longer than stamens, and the stigma is semi-circular. The fruit is spherical, 4-5.5 cm in diameter, yellow-red, with a short tube at the persistent calyx, sepals reflexed, apex raised, fruit core separated, and red spots on the outside; fruit stalk is 1-3 cm long. The flowering and fruiting period is in summer and autumn. Distribution area.

生于海拔1000～2000m的阔叶树林中。产台湾、广西等地。
Originating from broad-leaved forests at an altitude of 1000 to 2000 meters. Found in Taiwan, Guangxi, and other regions.