镰形棘豆，中药名。为豆科植物镰形棘豆OxytropisfalcataBunge的全草。分布于甘肃、青海、新疆、四川、西藏等地。具有清热解毒，生肌止痛之功效。常用于发热，流感，扁桃体炎，咽喉炎，急、慢性气管炎，便血，痢疾，痈疽疮肿。
Lian-xing-ji-dou, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the whole herb of the leguminous plant Oxytropis falcata Bunge, is distributed in Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Sichuan, Tibet, and other regions. It has the functions of clearing heat, detoxifying, promoting tissue regeneration, and relieving pain. It is commonly used for fever, influenza, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, acute and chronic bronchitis, hemorrhoids, dysentery, and carbuncles.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热解毒，生肌止痛。
Clearing heat, detoxifying, promoting tissue regeneration, and relieving pain.

主治 Indications

发热，流感，扁桃体炎，咽喉炎，急、慢性气管炎，便血，痢疾，痈疽疮肿。
Fever, influenza, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, acute and chronic bronchitis, hematochezia, dysentery, carbuncles and furuncles.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，3-9g。外用：适量，研末撒。
Internal use: Decoction, 3-9g. External use: appropriate amount, grind into powder and sprinkle.

注意事项 Precautions

孕妇禁用。
Not suitable for pregnant women.

药理作用 Pharmacological Actions

1. 兴奋肾上腺皮质功能。2. 增加肝糖原含量。
2. Exciting the adrenal cortex to enhance its function. 2. Increasing glycogen storage in the liver.

相关论述 Related Discussions

《高原中草药治疗手册》：“治流感、扁桃体炎、痈疽肿毒、麻风。孕妇禁用。”
"Manual of Herbal Medicine for Plateau Regions": "Treats influenza, tonsillitis, abscesses, and leprosy. Not suitable for pregnant women."

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：7-8月采挖全草，洗净，切段，晒干。
Harvest the whole plant in July and August, wash it, cut it into sections, and dry it in the sun.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：豆科植物镰形棘豆。
The leguminous plant is Oxytropis falcata (Sickle-shaped Spiny Vetch).

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

镰形棘豆，又名镰荚棘豆。多年生草本，高1-35厘米，具粘性和特异气味。根径6毫米，直根深，暗红色。茎缩短，木质而多分枝，丛生。羽状复叶长5-12(-20)厘米；托叶膜质，长卵形，于2/3处与叶柄贴生，彼此合生，上部分离，分离部分披针形，先端尖，密被长柔毛和腺点；叶柄与叶轴上面有细沟，密被白色长柔毛；小叶25-45，对生或互生，线状披针形、线形，长5-15(-20)毫米，宽1-3(-4)毫米，先端钝尖，基部圆形，上面疏被白色长柔毛，下面密被淡褐色腺点。6-10花组成头形总状花序；花葶与叶近等长，或较叶短，直立，疏被白色长柔毛，稀有腺点；苞片草质，长圆状披针形，长8-12毫米，宽约4毫米，先端渐尖，基部圆形，密被褐色腺点和白色、黑色长柔毛，边缘具纤毛；花长20-25毫米；花萼筒状，长11-16(-18)毫米，宽约3毫米，密被白色长柔毛和黑色柔毛，密生腺点，萼齿披针形、长圆状披针形，长3-4.5毫米；花冠蓝紫色或紫红色，旗瓣长18-25毫米，瓣片倒卵形，长15毫米，宽8-11毫米，先端圆，瓣柄长10毫米，翼瓣长15-22毫米，瓣片斜倒卵状长圆形，先端斜微凹2裂，背部圆形，龙骨瓣长16-18毫米，喙长2-2.5毫米；子房披针形，被贴伏白色短柔毛，具短柄，含胚珠38-46。荚果革质，宽线形，微蓝紫色，稍膨胀，略成镰刀状弯曲，长25-40毫米，宽6-8毫米，喙长4-6毫米，被腺点和短柔毛，隔膜宽2毫米，不完全2室；果梗短。种子多数，肾形，长2.5毫米，棕色。花期5-8月，果期7-9月。
Sickle-shaped spiny vetch, also known as sickle-podded oxytropis, is a perennial herb, 1–35 cm tall, with stickiness and a distinctive odor. The root is 6 mm in diameter, straight and deep, dark red. The stem is shortened, woody, highly branched, and grows in tufts. The pinnate leaves are 5–12 (–20) cm long; stipules are membranous, ovate-lanceolate, fused with the petiole for two-thirds of their length and fused to each other, with the upper free portion lanceolate, pointed, densely covered with long soft hairs and glandular dots; the petiole and rachis have fine grooves on the upper side and are densely covered with white long soft hairs; leaflets are 25–45, opposite or alternate, linear-lanceolate or linear, 5–15 (–20) mm long, 1–3 (–4) mm wide, bluntly pointed, rounded at the base, sparsely hairy above, densely dotted with light brown glands below. 6–10 flowers form a head-like raceme; the peduncle is nearly equal to or shorter than the leaves, erect, sparsely covered with white long soft hairs, occasionally with glandular dots; bracts are herbaceous, oblong-lanceolate, 8–12 mm long, about 4 mm wide, gradually pointed, rounded at the base, densely covered with brown glandular dots and white and black long soft hairs, fringed at the edges; flowers are 20–25 mm long; calyx tubular, 11–16 (–18) mm long, about 3 mm wide, densely covered with white and black soft hairs and glandular dots; calyx teeth are lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 3–4.5 mm long; corolla blue-purple or purple-red; standard petal 18–25 mm long, blade obovate, 15 mm long, 8–11 mm wide, apex rounded, claw 10 mm long; wing petals 15–22 mm long, blade obliquely obovate-oblong, slightly notched and bilobed at the apex, back rounded; keel petals 16–18 mm long, beak 2–2.5 mm long; ovary lanceolate, appressed white short-pubescent, shortly stalked, with 38–46 ovules. Pod leathery, broadly linear, slightly bluish-purple, slightly inflated, sickle-shaped and curved, 25–40 mm long, 6–8 mm wide, beak 4–6 mm long, covered with glandular dots and short soft hairs, septum 2 mm wide, incompletely 2-celled; fruit stalk short. Seeds numerous, kidney-shaped, 2.5 mm long, brown. Flowering period from May to August, fruiting period from July to September.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于甘肃、青海、新疆、四川、西藏等地。
Distributed in Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Sichuan, Tibet, and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔4500-5200m的山坡草地、沙砾地、冰川阶地、河岸沙地。
Grows on mountain meadows, gravel grounds, glacial terraces, and riverbank sandy soils at an altitude of 4500–5200 meters.