淡菜，中药名。为贻贝科动物厚壳贻贝MytiluscoruscusGould、贻贝MytilusedulisLinnaeus、翡翠贻贝Pernaviridis（Linnaeus）及其他贻贝类的肉。厚壳贻贝分布于渤海、黄海、东海；贻贝分布于黄海、渤海；翡翠贻贝分布于南海和东海南部。具有补肝肾，益精血，消瘿瘤之功效。常用于虚劳羸瘦，眩晕，盗汗，阳痿，腰痛，吐血，崩漏，带下，瘿瘤。
"Dan-ca, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. refers to the meat of thick-shelled mussel species such as Mytilus coruscus Gould, Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, Perna viridis (Linnaeus), and other mussel species. Thick-shelled mussels are found in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea; mussels are found in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea; and Perna viridis is found in the South China Sea and the southern part of the East China Sea. It is believed to tonify the liver and kidneys, nourish essence and blood, and resolve goiter and tumors. It is commonly used for conditions such as weakness, emaciation, dizziness, night sweats, impotence, lumbago, hemoptysis, menorrhagia, leukorrhea, and tumors.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

补肝肾，益精血，消瘿瘤。主治
Tonify the liver and kidneys, nourish essence and blood, and resolve lumps and tumors. Mainly used for treating...

用于虚劳羸瘦，眩晕，盗汗，阳痿，腰痛，吐血，崩漏，带下，瘿瘤。用法用量
Indicated for deficiency fatigue with emaciation, dizziness, night sweats, impotence, lumbago, hematemesis, metrorrhagia, leukorrhea, and goiter. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，15-30g；或入丸、散。注意事项
Internal administration: decoction, 15-30g; or in pill or powder form. Precautions.

1、《本草拾遗》：“久服令人发脱。”“发石，令肠结。”2、《日华子》：“多食令头闷目暗。”3、《本经逢原》：“久食令人阳痿不起。”药理作用

1. "Compendium of Materia Medica Supplement": "Prolonged use causes hair loss." "Taking hair stones causes intestinal obstruction."2. "Ri Huazi": "Eating too much causes dizziness and blurred vision."3. "Benjing Fengyuan": "Long-term consumption leads to impotence and inability to rise." Pharmacological effects.

1、对心血管系统的作用：对肾上腺素引起的心律失常具有一定的保护作用；2、对肾脏容积和泌尿的影响：在引起血压下降的同时，肾容积明显缩小，尿量亦随之减少；血压及肾容积恢复正常后，尿量亦恢复，并较未用药前有所增加；3、对子宫及平滑肌的影响：对子宫有明显的收缩作用，对电场刺激输精管引起的收缩有明显的增强作用；4、延缓衰老作用；5、抗动脉粥样硬化作用；6、抗凝，改善微循环作用；7、具有溶菌作用。相关论述

1. Effects on the cardiovascular system: It has a certain protective effect on arrhythmias caused by adrenaline.2. Effects on renal volume and urination: While causing a decrease in blood pressure, renal volume significantly decreases, and urine output also decreases accordingly. When blood pressure and renal volume return to normal, urine output also recovers and increases compared to before medication.3. Effects on the uterus and smooth muscles: It has a significant contractile effect on the uterus and enhances the contraction caused by electrical stimulation of the vas deferens.4. Anti-aging effect.5. Anti-atherosclerosis effect.6. Anticoagulant, improvement of microcirculation.7. Has bacteriolytic effects.

1、《食疗本草》：“常时频烧食即若，不宜人。与少米先煮熟后，除肉内两边锁及毛了，再入萝卜或紫苏或冬瓜皮同煮，即更妙。”2、《纲目》：“淡菜生海藻上，故治瘿，与海藻同功。”临床应用 临床应用

1. "Dietary Therapy Materia Medica": "Frequent consumption of burnt food is not suitable for people. It is better to first cook a small amount of rice until it is well done, then remove the tendons and hair from the meat, and cook together with radish, perilla leaves, or winter melon skin, which will be even better."2. "Compendium": "Fresh clams placed on seaweed can treat goiter, and they have a synergistic effect with seaweed." Clinical application.

药膳食疗：韭菜炒淡菜：功效：治疗肝肾不足引起的眩晕、盗汗、腰痛、阳痿、小便余沥不尽等。原材料：淡菜10-30g，韭菜60g，葱、姜、盐、味精各适量。做法：将淡菜用开水泡发至软后，洗净、沥干，韭菜切段，油锅上火将葱、姜下入锅中爆香，然后下入淡菜、韭菜，翻炒至熟，起锅前加入盐味精调味即可。用法：佐餐食用。相关配伍
Medicated diet: Stir-fried leeks with razor clams: Effects: Treat dizziness, night sweats, lower back pain, impotence, incomplete urination caused by deficiency of liver and kidney. Ingredients: 10-30g razor clams, 60g leeks, appropriate amount of scallions, ginger, salt, and MSG. Method: Soak the razor clams in boiling water until soft, wash and drain them, cut the leeks into sections, heat the oil in a wok, stir-fry the scallions and ginger until fragrant, then add the razor clams and leeks, stir-fry until cooked, season with salt and MSG before removing from heat. Usage: Eat with meals. Related compatibility.

1、治头晕及睡中盗汗：淡菜（焙燥，研细粉）100g，陈皮（研细粉）60g。研和，蜂蜜为丸。每服5g，每日3次。（《现代实用中药》）2、治高血压病：淡菜30g，松花蛋1个。共煮服。（《中国药用海洋生物》）3、治贫血：淡菜50g，熟地40g，黄芪50g，当归10g。水煎服，日服2次。（《中国动物药》）4、治阳痿，肾虚腰痛：淡菜30g，狗肾1具。煎煮至熟烂，饮汁食肉，为1天量。（《山东药用动物》）5、治经血多：淡菜30-60g。与猪肉共煮，行经前服。（《中国药用海洋生物》）6、治瘿气（地方性甲状腺肿）：淡菜30g，昆布15g。煎煮熟烂，连药带汁1次服，日服2次，连服2星期为1疗程，间隔1星期再服。（《山东药用动物》）附注

1. Treatment for dizziness and night sweats: 100g of dried razor clam (roasted and finely ground), 60g of tangerine peel (finely ground). Mix and roll into pills with honey. Take 5g each time, 3 times a day. (From "Modern Practical Chinese Medicine")2. Treatment for hypertension: 30g of dried razor clam, 1 pine pollen egg. Boil together and consume. (From "Chinese Medicinal Marine Organisms")3. Treatment for anemia: 50g of dried razor clam, 40g of cooked rehmannia, 50g of astragalus, 10g of dang gui. Decoction and take twice a day. (From "Chinese Animal Medicine")4. Treatment for impotence and kidney deficiency with lower back pain: 30g of dried razor clam, 1 dog kidney. Cook until well done, drink the juice and eat the meat, as one day's dose. (From "Shandong Medicinal Animals")5. Treatment for excessive menstrual bleeding: 30-60g of dried razor clam. Boil together with pork, and take before menstruation. (From "Chinese Medicinal Marine Organisms")6. Treatment for endemic goiter (local thyroid enlargement): 30g of dried razor clam, 15g of kelp. Cook until well done, take the medicine and juice at once, twice a day, for two weeks as one course of treatment. Repeat after one week break. (From "Shandong Medicinal Animals") Note:

我国贻贝科软体动物已定名的有50余种，其中厚壳贻贝、翡翠贻贝的肉个体大，肉质鲜美，优于紫贻贝，但产量不及紫贻贝。其他如：偏顶蛤ModiolusmodiolusLinnaeus（分布于黄海、渤海）；寻氏肌蛤Musculussenhousei（Benson）[BrachydontessenhouseiBenson]（广泛分布于我国沿海）的干燥软体均已作淡菜应用。加工炮制 采收加工
More than 50 species of bivalve mollusks in the Yibeike family have been officially named in China. Among them, the meat of the thick-shell Yibeike and the emerald Yibeike is large in size and delicious, superior to the purple Yibeike, but their production is lower. Other species, such as the Modiolus modiolus (found in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea) and the Musculus enhousei (widely distributed along the Chinese coast), have also been dried and used as a delicacy. Processing and harvesting are involved in their production.

全年均可采，捕得后，剥取其肉，晒干。药材鉴别 药材性状
It can be harvested all year round. After catching it, remove the flesh and sun-dry it. Identification of medicinal materials, characteristics of medicinal materials.

本品呈椭圆状楔形。前端圆，后端扁，后端两侧有大而圆的闭壳肌。外质膜极发达，足小，呈棒状，两外套膜间有明显的生殖腺。外套后端有一点愈合，形成明显的入水孔和出水孔，入水孔皆呈紫褐色，其入水孔周边的分枝状小触手颜色更深。出水孔紫褐色，全体深棕色。背部透过外套膜可见深褐色的脏团。生殖腺颜色较深。气微腥，味咸，嚼之有海米样鲜腥气。动物学信息 动物属种
This product is elliptical wedge-shaped. The front end is round, the rear end is flat, and there are large and round adductor muscles on both sides of the rear end. The outer membrane is well developed, the foot is small and rod-shaped, and there are obvious reproductive glands between the two mantle membranes. There is a point of healing at the posterior end of the mantle, forming a distinct intake pore and outflow pore. The intake pores are purplish-brown, with the branching small tentacles around the intake pores being even darker in color. The outflow pore is purplish-brown, and the entire body is dark brown. A dark brown visceral mass can be seen through the mantle. The reproductive glands are darker in color. It has a slightly fishy smell, a salty taste, and a fresh fishy smell when chewed. Zoological information: Animal genus and species.

贻贝科动物厚壳贻贝、贻贝、翡翠贻贝及其他贻贝。形态特征
Family Veneridae animals include thick-shelled venerid clams, venus clams, jade clams, and other types of venerid clams. They have distinct morphological characteristics.

1、厚壳贻贝：贝壳呈楔形，壳的长度约为高的2倍，为宽的3倍，一般壳长116-160mm。壳质厚，壳顶尖细，位于壳的最前端，稍向腹面弯曲，腹缘略直，足丝孔狭缝状，位于近壳顶处。背缘与腹缘构成近45°角向后上方延伸，背缘与后缘相接处形成一较大钝角，后缘圆。壳面由壳顶沿腹缘形成一条隆起，将壳面分为上、下两部分，两壳闭合时在腹面形成一菱形平面。生长线极明显，但不规则，无放射肋。壳皮厚，棕黑色，壳的边缘向内卷曲成镶边状的红褐色狭缘。壳顶常剥蚀，露出白色壳质，干后壳皮常呈崩裂状。壳内面呈灰白色或灰蓝色，具珍珠样光泽，外套痕及闭壳肌痕明显，前闭壳肌痕小，卵圆形或心形，位于壳顶后方；后闭壳肌痕大，椭圆形，位于后端略偏背缘。壳顶内面铰合齿2枚，小型，呈八字形。韧带褐色，位于背缘前方。外套缘具有分枝状的触手。足前端呈棒状；后端微扁呈片状。足丝粗壮，淡黄褐色。2、贻贝：又名紫贻贝。贝壳呈楔形或不等三角形，壳长度不及高的2倍，宽度为高的1/4-1/3，一般壳长60-80mm。壳质薄，前端尖细，后端宽广。壳顶在壳的最前端，前方有淡褐色的菱形小月面。壳腹缘较直，足丝伸出处略凹入。背缘与腹缘形成的夹角大于45°。后缘宽圆。壳表面自壳顶起沿腹缘向后突起，达壳的中部后渐收缩。生长线细而明显，自壳顶始，或环形排列生长，放射肋不明显。壳皮黑褐色，具光泽，并包被壳的边缘，壳顶及腹缘常呈淡褐色，顶部壳皮易脱落，露出淡紫色壳质。壳内面白色或淡紫色，具珍珠样光泽。外套痕、闭壳肌痕明显，前闭壳肌痕小，半月形，位于壳顶下方；后闭壳肌痕大，椭圆形，位于后端略偏背缘。缩足肌痕、中足丝收缩肌痕及后足足丝收缩肌痕愈合成一狭长的带状，并与后闭壳肌痕相连。铰合部长，约等于壳长的1/2，有不发达的铰合齿2-12枚。韧带深褐色，约与铰合部等长。足丝较细软，淡褐色。3、翡翠贻贝：贝壳呈楔形，壳质中等厚，一般壳长136mm，高58mm，宽38.5mm。壳顶尖，呈喙状，腹缘直或稍弯，背缘与腹缘约成30°角。壳表面翠绿色，前半部常呈绿褐色，光滑而有光泽，壳面前端具有隆起肋。生长线较细密，绕壳顶环生。壳内面瓷白色，珍珠光泽不强，由壳皮卷入的角质层狭缘为碧绿色。无前闭壳肌痕；后闭壳肌痕大，略呈圆形，位于壳后端背侧。铰合齿左壳2枚，右1枚。外套缘较薄，具有触手状突起。足细呈棒状，足丝细软，淡黄色。

1. Thick-shelled ark clam: The shell is wedge-shaped, with a length about twice the height and three times the width, generally ranging from 116-160mm in length. The shell is thick, with a pointed apex located at the front end of the shell, slightly curved towards the ventral side, and the ventral margin is slightly straight. The byssal orifice is slit-like and narrow, located near the shell apex. The dorsal and ventral margins extend backward and upward at an angle of about 45 degrees, forming a large blunt angle where they meet the posterior margin, which is rounded. A ridge runs along the ventral margin from the shell apex, dividing the shell surface into upper and lower parts, forming a rhomboid plane on the ventral side when the two shells are closed. Growth lines are very distinct but irregular, without radial ribs. The shell is thick and dark brown, with the shell edge curled inward to form a reddish-brown narrow margin. The shell apex is often eroded, exposing white shell material, and the dried shell surface often cracks. The inner shell surface is grayish-white or gray-blue, with a pearly luster, and clear impressions of the adductor muscle scars and pallial line. The anterior adductor muscle scar is small, oval or heart-shaped, located behind the shell apex; the posterior adductor muscle scar is large, elliptical, and slightly towards the dorsal margin at the posterior end. There are two small hinge teeth on the inner shell surface, shaped like the figure eight. The ligament is brown and located in front of the dorsal margin. The mantle edge has branched tentacles. The anterior end of the foot is cylindrical; the posterior end is slightly flattened and leaf-like. The foot threads are stout, pale yellow-brown.2. Ark clam: Also known as the purple ark clam. The shell is wedge-shaped or unequal triangular, with a length less than twice the height and a width of 1/4 to 1/3 of the height, generally ranging from 60-80mm in length. The shell is thin, with a pointed and slender anterior end and a broad posterior end. The shell apex is at the very front of the shell, with a small rhomboid pale brown lunule in front. The ventral margin of the shell is relatively straight, with a slight concavity where the foot threads protrude. The angle formed by the dorsal and ventral margins is greater than 45 degrees. The posterior margin is wide and rounded. The shell surface protrudes from the shell apex along the ventral margin and gradually tapers towards the middle of the shell. Growth lines are fine and distinct, starting from the shell apex and sometimes arranged in concentric circles, with no prominent radial ribs. The shell periostracum is black-brown, glossy, covering the shell edge, apex, and ventral margin often in light brown. The top of the shell is easily shed, revealing a light purple shell material. The inner shell surface is white or light purple, with a pearly luster. The adductor muscle scars and pallial line are clear, with the anterior adductor muscle scar being small and crescent-shaped, located below the shell apex; the posterior adductor muscle scar is large, elliptical, and slightly towards the dorsal margin at the posterior end. The scars of the retractor muscle, the middle foot retractor muscle, and the posterior foot retractor muscle merge into a narrow band, connecting to the posterior adductor muscle scar. The hinge area is long, about half the length of the shell, with 2-12 undeveloped hinge teeth. The ligament is dark brown, about the same length as the hinge area. The foot threads are thin and soft, pale brown.3. Jade ark clam: The shell is wedge-shaped, with a moderately thick shell. The shell is approximately 136mm long, 58mm high, and 38.5mm wide. The shell apex is pointed and beak-like, the ventral margin is straight or slightly curved, and the angle between the dorsal and ventral margins is about 30 degrees. The shell surface is jade green, often green-brown in the front half, smooth and glossy, with raised ribs at the front end of the shell. Growth lines are fine and dense, encircling the shell apex. The inner shell surface is porcelain white, with a weak pearly luster, and the narrow margin of the horny layer rolled into the shell is bluish-green. There is no anterior adductor muscle scar; the posterior adductor muscle scar is large, slightly circular, and located on the dorsal side at the posterior end of the shell. There are two hinge teeth on the left shell and one on the right. The mantle edge is thin, with tentacle-like projections. The foot is slender and cylindrical, with soft, pale yellow foot threads.