倒钩刺，中药名。为蔷薇科植物三叶悬钩子RubusdelavayiFranch.的全株。分布于云南。具有清热解毒，除湿止痢，驱蛔之功效。常用于扁桃体炎，急性结合膜炎，腮腺炎，乳腺炎，无名肿毒，风湿痹痛，痢疾，蛔虫症。
Dao-gou-ci, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the whole plant of Rubus delavayi Franch., a plant of the Rosaceae family, is distributed in Yunnan. It has the functions of clearing heat and detoxification, eliminating dampness and stopping diarrhea, and expelling roundworms. It is commonly used for tonsillitis, acute conjunctivitis, parotitis, mastitis, unidentified swelling and toxicity, rheumatic pain, dysentery, and roundworm disease.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热解毒，除湿止痢，驱蛔。
Clearing heat and detoxifying, eliminating dampness and stopping diarrhea, expelling roundworms.

主治 Indications

用于扁桃体炎，急性结合膜炎，腮腺炎，乳腺炎，无名肿毒，风湿痹痛，痢疾，蛔虫症。
Used for tonsillitis, acute conjunctivitis, parotitis, mastitis, unidentified swelling and toxicity, rheumatic pain, dysentery, and helminthiasis.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，15-30g。外用：适量，鲜品捣敷。
Internal use: Decoction, 15-30g. External use: Appropriate amount, fresh product mashed for application.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《云南中草药》：“清热解毒，除湿止痢，驱蛔。主治扁桃腺炎，火眼，痢疾，疥疮，风湿性关节炎。”
"Yunnan Herbal Medicine": "Clears heat, detoxifies, eliminates dampness, stops diarrhea, and expels intestinal worms. Used to treat tonsillitis, conjunctivitis, dysentery, scabies, and rheumatoid arthritis."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、治蛔虫病：每用（倒钩刺）15g。水煎服或配伍应用。

1. Treatment of roundworm disease: Use 15g of Dao Gou Ci (Uncaria rhynchophylla) per dose. Decoct in water for oral administration or use in combination with other herbs.

2、治腮腺炎，乳腺炎，无名肿毒：用鲜品捣烂外用。（1-2方出自《云南中草药》）
2. Treatment of parotitis, mastitis, and unknown swellings: Crush fresh herbs for external application. (Formulas 1–2 are from "Yunnan Chinese Herbal Medicine".)

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：夏、秋季采集全株，洗净，鲜用或切碎晒干。
Harvest and process: Collect the whole plant in summer and autumn, wash it, and use fresh or cut into pieces and dry in the sun.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：蔷薇科植物三叶悬钩子。
Plant species: Rubus delavayi Franch., a plant in the Rosaceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

三叶悬钩子：又名德氏悬钩子、三叶藨。直立小灌木，高1-2m。茎枝无毛，具倒钩锐皮刺。三出复叶，互生；叶柄长3-4cm，有细小皮刺，顶生小叶柄长5-8mm；托叶刚毛状；小叶片披针形，长4-6cm，宽8-15mm，先端渐尖，基部渐狭，边缘具齿，两面光滑，粉绿色。花1-2朵腋生或顶生，花梗长1-2cm，与萼均有细柔毛及皮刺；萼片披针形，附属物叶状，线形，具刺；花白色，直径约1cm，花瓣倒卵形，外面有短柔毛，较萼片短；雄蕊花丝密被柔毛；花柱短于雄蕊，无毛。聚合果球形，直径约1cm，肉质，多汁，成熟时橘黄色。花期5-6月，果期6-7月。
Rubus delavayi: Also known as Delavay's raspberry or San Ye Biao. An erect small shrub, 1–2 m tall. Stems are glabrous, bearing sharp hooked prickles. Trifoliate leaves are alternate; petioles 3–4 cm long with small prickles, terminal leaflet with a petiolule 5–8 mm long; stipules bristle-like; leaflets lanceolate, 4–6 cm long, 8–15 mm wide, apex gradually acuminate, base cuneate, margins serrated, both surfaces smooth, pale green. Flowers 1–2, axillary or terminal, pedicels 1–2 cm long, calyx and pedicel covered with fine soft hairs and prickles; sepals lanceolate, appendages foliaceous, linear, spiny; flowers white, about 1 cm in diameter, petals obovate, with short pubescence externally, shorter than sepals; stamens densely pubescent; style shorter than stamens, glabrous. Aggregate fruit globose, about 1 cm in diameter, fleshy, juicy, turning orange-yellow when mature. Flowering period: May–June; fruiting period: June–July.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于云南。
Distributed in Yunnan.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔2000-3000m的山坡杂木林下。
Grows under mixed broadleaf forests on mountain slopes at an altitude of 2000–3000 meters.