肾子草，中药名。为玄参科植物阿拉伯婆婆纳VeronicapersicaPoir.的全草。具有祛风除湿，壮腰，截疟的功效。主治风湿痹痛，肾虚腰痛，久疟。
Shen-zi-cao, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It is the whole plant of Veronica persica Poir., a plant of the Scrophulariaceae family. It has the effects of dispelling wind and dampness, strengthening the waist, and treating malaria. It is mainly used to treat rheumatic pain, kidney deficiency and back pain, and long-term malaria.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

祛风除湿，壮腰，截疟。
Dispelling wind and dampness, strengthening the waist, and treating malaria.

主治 Indications

风湿痹痛，肾虚腰痛，久疟。
Wind-damp arthralgia, kidney deficiency causing lower back pain, and chronic malaria.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，15-30g。外用：适量，煎水熏洗。
Internal use: Decoction, 15-30g. External use: Appropriate amount, decoct in water for fumigation and washing.

化学成分 Chemical Components

全草含桃叶珊瑚甙，梓醇，婆婆纳甙，毛子草甙，梓果甙，3′-羟基梓果甙，6-O-藜芦酰梓醇，4′-甲氧基高山黄芩素-7-O-D-葡萄糖甙，6-羟基木犀草素-7-O-D-葡萄糖，6-羟基木犀草素-7-O-二葡萄糖甙，大波斯菊甙和木犀草素-7-O-吡喃葡萄糖甙。此外，尚含生物碱。
The whole plant contains compounds such as aucubin, catalpol, verbascoside, phlomisoside, syringin, 3'-hydroxy-syringin, 6-O-veratroyl-catalpol, 4'-methoxy-wogonin-7-O-D-glucoside, 6-hydroxy-luteolin-7-O-D-glucoside, 6-hydroxy-luteolin-7-O-di-glucoside, cosmosiin, and luteolin-7-O-primeveroside. In addition, it also contains alkaloids.

药理作用 Pharmacological Effects

1、抗癌作用：阿拉伯婆婆纳地上部分甲醇提取物，在50μg/ml浓度时，对人表皮样瘤KB（鼻咽）癌细胞有明显细胞生长抑制作用，其抑制率为45.3%。

1. Anti-cancer effect: The methanol extract of the aerial parts of Veronica arvensis, at a concentration of 50 μg/mL, exhibits a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of human epidermoid carcinoma KB (nasopharyngeal) cancer cells, with an inhibition rate of 45.3%.

2、其他作用：从本植物分离得到一种环烯醚萜甙——桃叶珊瑚甙（Ⅰ），水解桃叶珊瑚甙-β-葡萄糖甙得桃叶珊瑚甙元（aucubigenin，Ⅱ）。Ⅰ和Ⅱ对稻和白三叶章秧苗有抑制作用，其抑制浓度分别为1×10⁻⁴ mol/L和6×10⁻³ mol/L。Ⅱ对莴苣和大马唐秧苗的抑制作用比葡萄糖甙更强。Ⅰ对莴苣种子发芽无抑制作用，而Ⅱ则有抑制作用。Ⅱ的抗微生物作用也比Ⅰ强。Ⅱ的半缩醛结构与其抗微生物作用和对植物的抑制作用有关。
2. Other effects: A cyclohexene ether terpene glycoside—aucubin (I)—was isolated from this plant. Hydrolysis of aucubin-β-glucoside yields aucubigenin (II). Both I and II inhibit the seedlings of rice and white clover, with inhibitory concentrations of 1×10⁻⁴ mol/L and 6×10⁻³ mol/L, respectively. Compound II shows a stronger inhibitory effect on lettuce and barnyard grass seedlings than the glucoside. Compound I does not inhibit lettuce seed germination, whereas compound II does. The antimicrobial activity of compound II is also stronger than that of compound I. The hemiacetal structure of compound II is related to its antimicrobial and plant growth-inhibiting effects.

相关论述 Relevant Discussions

1、《贵州民间药物》：“解热毒。治肾虚腰痛，疥疮，风湿疼痛，久疟，小儿阴囊肿大。”

1. Guizhou Folk Medicine: "Clears heat toxins. Used to treat kidney deficiency-induced lower back pain, scabies, rheumatic pain, chronic malaria, and pediatric scrotal swelling."

2、《贵州草药》：“截疟。”
2. Guizhou Herbal Medicine: "Effective in treating malaria."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、治久疟：灯笼草30g，臭常山3g。煎水服。

1. Treatment for chronic malaria: 30g of Veronica arvensis, 3g of Dichroa febrifuga. Decoct and take orally.

2、治风湿疼痛：灯笼草30g。煮酒温服。
2. Treatment for rheumatic pain: 30g of Veronica arvensis. Boil with wine and take warm.

3、治肾虚腰痛：灯笼草30g。炖肉吃。
3. Treatment for kidney deficiency and lower back pain: 30g of Veronica arvensis. Stew with meat and consume.

4、治疥疮：灯笼草适量。煎水洗。
4. Treatment for scabies: Appropriate amount of Veronica arvensis. Decoct and wash affected area.

5、治小儿阴囊肿大：灯笼草90g。煎水熏洗。（1-5方出自《贵州民间药物》）
5. Treatment for pediatric scrotal swelling: 90g of Veronica arvensis. Decoct and use for fumigation and washing. (Formulas 1–5 are from Guizhou Folk Medicine)

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：夏季采收，鲜用或晒干。
Harvest in summer, use fresh or sun-dry.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：玄参科婆婆纳属阿拉伯婆婆纳。
Veronica arvensis, a plant of the Scrophulariaceae family, genus Veronica.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

二年生草本，高10-50cm。茎铺散多分枝，密生两列多细胞柔毛。基部叶对生，上部叶互生；无柄或具短柄；叶片卵形或圆形，长0.6-2cm，宽0.5-1.8cm，先端钝圆，基部浅心形，平截或浑圆，边缘具钝齿，两面疏生柔毛。总状花序；苞片互生，与叶同形且几等大；花梗长于苞片；花萼4裂，裂片卵状披针形，有睫毛，三出脉；花冠蓝色、紫色或蓝紫色，长4-6mm，喉部疏被毛；雄蕊2，短于花冠，子房上位，柱头头状。蒴果肾形，宽大于长，被腺毛，成熟后几无毛，网脉明显，凹口角度超过90°，宿存的花柱长约2.5mm，超出凹口。种子背面具深横纹，长约1.6mm。花期3-5月。
A biennial herb, 10–50 cm tall. The stem is spreading and much branched, densely covered with two rows of multicellular soft hairs. Basal leaves are opposite, upper leaves alternate; petioles absent or short; leaf blades ovate or round, 0.6–2 cm long, 0.5–1.8 cm wide, with bluntly rounded apex, shallowly cordate, truncate, or rounded base, margin with obtuse teeth, sparsely soft-hairy on both surfaces. Inflorescence racemose; bracts alternate, similar in shape and nearly equal in size to the leaves; pedicels longer than bracts; calyx 4-lobed, lobes lanceolate-ovate, ciliate, with three veins; corolla blue, purple, or bluish-purple, 4–6 mm long, sparsely hairy in the throat; stamens 2, shorter than corolla; ovary superior, stigma capitate. Capsule kidney-shaped, wider than long, glandular-pubescent, nearly glabrous when mature, reticulate-veined, sinus angle over 90°, persistent style about 2.5 mm long, projecting beyond the sinus. Seeds with deep transverse ridges on the back, ca. 1.6 mm long. Flowering period: March to May.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于华东、华中及新疆、贵州、云南、西藏东部。
Distributed in East China, Central China, Xinjiang, Guizhou, Yunnan, and eastern Tibet.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于路边及荒野杂草中。
Found along roadsides and among wild weeds.