沙枣花，中药名。为胡颓子科植物沙枣ElaeagnusangustifoliaL.的花。沙枣分布于华北、西北及辽宁等地。具有止咳，平喘之功效。常用于久咳，气喘。
Sha-zao-hua, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It refers to the flowers of Elaeagnus angustifolia L., a plant of the family Elaeagnaceae. Sha-zao is distributed in North China, Northwest China, and Liaoning. It is known for its effects in relieving coughs and asthma, and is often used for chronic cough and wheezing.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

止咳，平喘。
Relieve cough, alleviate asthma.

主治 Indications

用于久咳，气喘。
Used for chronic cough and asthma.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，3-6g；或入丸、散。
Internal administration: Decoction, 3-6g; or in pill or powder form.

相关论述 Related Discussions

1、《沙漠地区药用植物》：“味甘、涩，性温。”

1. "Taste sweet and astringent, nature warm."

2、《沙漠地区药用植物》：“止咳，平喘。”
2. "Relieve cough, alleviate asthma."

3、《新疆药用植物志》：“果枝、叶及花可治疗烧伤，白带，慢性支气管炎，闭合性骨折，消化不良，神经衰弱，肠炎及心脏病。”
3. "The fruit, branches, leaves, and flowers can be used to treat burns, leukorrhea, chronic bronchitis, closed fractures, indigestion, neurasthenia, enteritis, and heart disease."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

治慢性支气管炎：沙枣花（蜜炙）干品6g（鲜品9-15g）。水煎服，每日2次。或沙枣花30g（蜜炙），白芥子、杏仁（去皮，蜜炙）、前胡各9g，甘草3g。共研细末。每次服9g，每日2-3次。（《沙漠地区药用植物》）
Treatment for chronic bronchitis: 6g of dried sand jujube flowers (honey-fried) (9-15g of fresh flowers). Decoction, taken twice daily. Alternatively, use 30g of sand jujube flowers (honey-fried), 9g each of white mustard seeds, almonds (peeled, honey-fried), and qianhu, and 3g of licorice. Grind into fine powder. Take 9g each time, 2-3 times daily. (From "Medicinal Plants in Desert Areas")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：5-6月采花，晾干。
The harvest and processing: Pick flowers from May to June and dry them.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：胡颓子科植物沙枣。
Plant species: Elaeagnus angustifolia, a plant of the Elaeagnaceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

沙枣又名银柳、银柳胡颓子、桂香柳、香柳。落叶灌木或小乔木，高5-10m。枝干受伤后流出透明褐色胶汁。常具亮棕红色硬刺，幼枝密被银白色鳞片，老枝鳞片脱落，栗褐色，光滑；皮孔明显，点状横裂。单叶互生，薄纸质；叶柄长0.5-1cm；叶片椭圆状披针形或披针形，长2.5-8.5cm，宽0.5-2cm，先端尖，基部楔形，全缘，上面幼时被具银白色鳞片，后部分脱落，下面银白色，有光泽，密被白色鳞片；侧脉不明显。花1-3朵生于叶腋，两性，稀单性；花被筒呈钟状或漏斗状，先端4裂，外面银白色，里面黄色，有香味；花盘先端无毛；雄蕊几无花丝；花柱长于雄蕊，先端环状弯曲。果实椭圆形，长约1.5cm，粉红色，被银白色鳞片。花期5-6月，果期9月。
Elaeagnus angustifolia, also known as silver willow, guixiang liu, or fragrant willow, is a deciduous shrub or small tree, 5-10m tall. When injured, the stem exudes a transparent brown resin. It often has bright reddish-brown thorns. Young branches are densely covered with silvery-white scales; old branches lose their scales, becoming smooth chestnut-brown with visible lenticels that appear as dotted transverse cracks. Leaves are alternate, thin and papery; petiole 0.5–1cm long; blade elliptic-lanceolate or lanceolate, 2.5–8.5cm long, 0.5–2cm wide, acute at apex, cuneate at base, entire margin; upper surface sparsely scaly when young, lower surface silvery-white, glossy, densely covered with white scales; lateral veins not prominent. Flowers 1–3 in axils, bisexual, rarely unisexual; perianth tube campanulate or funnel-shaped, 4-lobed at apex, silvery-white outside, yellow inside, fragrant; disk glabrous; stamens nearly sessile; style longer than stamens, apically annular-curved. Fruit ellipsoid, about 1.5cm long, pink, covered with silvery-white scales. Flowering period: May–June; fruiting period: September.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于华北、西北及辽宁等地。
Distributed in North China, Northwest China, Liaoning, and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于沙漠地区，耐旱、耐寒，并在沙地、盐渍化土地和村边、田边广泛栽培。
Found in desert regions, drought-resistant and cold-resistant, widely cultivated in sandy soils, saline-alkaline lands, and near villages and fields.