沙枣，中药名。为胡颓子科植物沙枣ElaeagnusangustifoliaL.、东方沙枣ElaeagnumangustifoliaL.var.orientalis(L.)Kuntze[E.orientalisL.]和尖果沙枣ElaeagnumoxycarpaSchlecht.的成熟果实。沙枣分布于华北、西北及辽宁等地；东方沙枣分布于内蒙古、宁夏、甘肃、新疆等地；尖果沙枣分布于内蒙古西部、甘肃河西走廊和新疆等地。具有养肝益肾，健脾调经之功效。常用于肝虚目眩，肾虚腰痛，脾虚腹泻，消化不良，带下，月经不调。
Sha-zao, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It refers to the mature fruits of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. (沙枣), Elaeagnus angustifolia L. var. orientalis (东方沙枣), and Elaeagnus oxycarpa Schlecht. (尖果沙枣), all belonging to the family Elaeagnaceae. Sha-zao is distributed in North China, Northwest China, and Liaoning. Dongfang sha-zao is found in Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Gansu, and Xinjiang. Jianguo sha-zao is distributed in western Inner Mongolia, the Hexi Corridor in Gansu, and Xinjiang. It is known for its effects in nourishing the liver and kidneys, invigorating the spleen, and regulating menstruation. It is commonly used for symptoms such as dizziness due to liver deficiency, lumbago due to kidney deficiency, diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, indigestion, leukorrhea, and irregular menstruation.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

养肝益肾，健脾调经。主治
Nourishing the liver and benefiting the kidneys, invigorating the spleen and regulating menstruation. Used to treat...

用于肝虚目眩，肾虚腰痛，脾虚腹泻，消化不良，带下，月经不调。用法用量
Used for liver deficiency causing dizziness, kidney deficiency causing lower back pain, spleen deficiency causing diarrhea, poor digestion, abnormal vaginal discharge, and irregular menstruation. Dosage and administration: [Please provide specific instructions].

内服：煎汤，15-30g。药理作用
Internal administration: Decoction, 15-30g. Pharmacological effects.

尖果沙早果实制得的胶质、鞣质的浓缩物有抗炎作用。相关论述
The concentrated extract of gelatin and tannin obtained from the fruits of the Chinese gall has anti-inflammatory effects. This is supported by relevant studies.

1、《纲目》：“能止饥渴。”2、《内蒙古中草药》：“强壮，调经活血，镇静，健胃脾，止泻。”3、《沙漠地区药用植物》：“止泻、镇静。”4、《全国中草药汇编》：“治消化不良。”5、《食物中药与便方》：“健脾止泻。”临床应用 相关配伍

1. "Can relieve hunger and thirst." 2. "Strengthens the body, regulates menstruation and promotes blood circulation, calms the mind, invigorates the stomach and spleen, and stops diarrhea."3. "Stops diarrhea, calms the mind."4. "Treats indigestion."5. "Invigorates the spleen and stops diarrhea." Clinical applications and related compatibility.

1、治肾虚腰痛，不能反侧：四味果适量，同狗腰子煮食，每日1次。（姚可成《食物本草》）2、治消化不良，胃痛，肠炎下痢：沙枣15-30g。水煎服。（《食物中药与便方》）附注

1. To treat kidney deficiency and lower back pain that worsens when lying on one's back: Take an appropriate amount of four-ingredient fruit and cook it with dog kidney, consume once daily. (From "Food Materia Medica" by Yao Kecheng)2. To treat indigestion, stomach pain, and diarrhea caused by enteritis: Take 15-30g of jujube, decoct in water and take orally. (From "Food Medicine and Prescriptions") Note:

《中国药典》1977年版曾收载。~加工炮制 采收加工
The 1977 edition of the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" once included it. ~ Processing and Preparation, Collection and Processing.

果实成熟时分批采摘，鲜用或烘干。药材鉴别 药材性状
The fruits should be harvested in batches when they are ripe, and can be used fresh or dried. Medicinal materials identification, medicinal properties.

1、沙枣：果实矩圆形或近球形，长1-2.5cm，直径0.7-1.5cm。表面黄色、黄棕色或红棕色，具光泽，被稀疏银白色鳞毛。一端具果柄或果柄痕，另端略凹陷，两端各有放射状短沟纹8条，密被鳞毛。果肉淡黄色，疏松，细颗粒状。果核卵形，表面有灰白色至灰棕色棱线和褐色条纹8条，纵向相间排列，一端有小突尖，质坚硬，剖开后内面有银白色鳞毛及长绢毛。种子1颗。气微香，味甜、酸、涩。2、东方沙枣：果实宽椭圆形，较沙枣大。3、尖果沙枣：果实卵圆形或近圆形，较小，1-1.3cm，表面乳黄色或橙黄色。植物学信息 植物种属

1. Jujube: The fruit is rectangular or nearly spherical, 1-2.5cm long and 0.7-1.5cm in diameter. The surface is yellow, yellow-brown, or reddish-brown, glossy, and sparsely covered with silver-white scales. One end has a fruit stalk or scar, while the other end is slightly concave, with 8 radial short grooves at each end, densely covered with scales. The flesh is light yellow, loose, and granular. The fruit stone is oval, with 8 gray-white to gray-brown ridges and brown stripes on the surface, arranged alternately longitudinally. One end has a small pointed protrusion, and the texture is hard. When cut open, the inner surface has silver-white scales and long silky hairs. It contains one seed. It has a slightly fragrant aroma and tastes sweet, sour, and astringent.2. Chinese Jujube: The fruit is broadly elliptical, larger than jujube.3. Pointed Jujube: The fruit is oval or nearly round, smaller, 1-1.3cm in size, and the surface is creamy yellow or orange-yellow. Botanical information: Plant species.

胡颓子科植物沙枣、东方沙枣和尖果沙枣。形态特征
Morphological characteristics of plants in the Honeysuckle family include the Chinese date, the Oriental date, and the Jujube.

1、沙枣又名银柳、银柳胡颓子、桂香柳、香柳。落叶灌木或小乔木，高5-10m。枝干受伤后流出透明褐色胶汁。常具亮棕红色硬刺，幼枝密被银白色鳞片，老枝鳞片脱落，栗褐色，光滑；皮孔明显，点状横裂。单叶互生，薄纸质；叶柄长0.5-1cm；叶片椭圆状披针形或披针形，长2.5-8.5cm，宽0.5-2cm，先端尖，基部楔形，全缘，上面幼时被具银白色鳞片，后部分脱落，下面银白色，有光泽，密被白色鳞片；侧脉不明显。花1-3朵生于叶腋，两性，稀单性；花被筒呈钟状或漏斗状，先端4裂，外面银白色，里面黄色，有香味；花盘先端无毛；雄蕊几无花丝；花柱长于雄蕊，先端环状弯曲。果实椭圆形，长约1.5cm，粉红色，被银白色鳞片。花期5-6月，果期9月。2、东方沙枣与正种的区别在于：本变种花枝下部的叶片阔椭圆形，宽1.8-3.2cm，上部的叶片披针形或椭圆形，两端钝；花盘无毛或有时微被小柔毛；果实大，阔椭圆形，长1.5-2.5cm，栗红色或黄色。3、尖果沙枣又名黄果沙枣。本种与前两种的区别在于：叶片窄长圆形至线状披针形；枝具明显的棘针；花盘先端有毛，萼筒漏斗形或钟形；果实较小，长5-10mm，乳黄色或橙黄色。花期5-6月，果期9-10月。分布区域

1. Sha Zao, also known as Yin Liu, Yin Liu Hu Tui Zi, Gui Xiang Liu, Xiang Liu. Deciduous shrub or small tree, 5-10m tall. Clear brownish gum oozes from the branches when injured. Often with bright reddish-brown hard thorns, young branches densely covered with silver-white scales, old branches scales shed, chestnut brown, smooth; bark pores obvious, dot-like cracked. Alternate leaves, thin papery; petiole 0.5-1cm long; leaf blade elliptic-lanceolate or lanceolate, 2.5-8.5cm long, 0.5-2cm wide, apex acute, base cuneate, entire margin, upper surface covered with silver-white scales when young, scales shed in the posterior part, lower surface silver-white, glossy, densely covered with white scales; lateral veins not obvious. 1-3 flowers born in leaf axils, bisexual, rarely unisexual; corolla tubular bell-shaped or funnel-shaped, 4-lobed at the apex, silver-white outside, yellow inside, fragrant; disc apex glabrous; stamens nearly without filaments; pistil longer than stamens, apex ring-shaped and curved. Fruit elliptic, about 1.5cm long, pink, covered with silver-white scales. Flowering period from May to June, fruiting period in September.2. The difference between the Oriental Sha Zao and the typical species lies in: the lower leaves of this variety are broadly elliptic, 1.8-3.2cm wide, the upper leaves are lanceolate or elliptic, blunt at both ends; the disc is glabrous or sometimes slightly covered with small soft hairs; the fruit is large, broadly elliptic, 1.5-2.5cm long, chestnut red or yellow.3. Sharp-fruited Sha Zao, also known as Yellow-fruited Sha Zao. The difference between this species and the previous two lies in: the leaves are narrow, elongated oval to linear-lanceolate; branches have distinct thorns; the disc apex is hairy, calyx tube funnel-shaped or bell-shaped; the fruit is smaller, 5-10mm long, milky yellow or orange-yellow. Flowering period from May to June, fruiting period from September to October. Distribution area.

1、沙枣：分布于华北、西北及辽宁等地。2、东方沙枣：分布于内蒙古、宁夏、甘肃、新疆等地。3、尖果沙枣：分布于内蒙古西部、甘肃河西走廊和新疆等地。生长环境

1. Sha Zao: Distributed in North China, Northwest China, Liaoning, and other regions.2. Oriental Sha Zao: Distributed in Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang, and other regions.3. Pointed Fruit Sha Zao: Distributed in western Inner Mongolia, the Hexi Corridor in Gansu, Xinjiang, and other regions. Growing environments.

1、沙枣生于沙漠地区，耐旱、耐寒，并在沙地、盐渍化土地和村边、田边广泛栽培。2、东方沙枣生境同沙枣。3、尖果沙枣生于海拔400-660m的戈壁沙滩或沙丘的低洼潮湿地区和田边、路边，野生或栽培。

1. Sand jujube grows in desert areas, is drought-resistant and cold-resistant, and is widely cultivated in sandy, saline-alkali soil, as well as on the outskirts of villages and fields.2. The habitat of Oriental jujube is similar to that of sand jujube.3. Thorny jujube grows in low-lying, humid areas of desert beaches or sand dunes at altitudes of 400-660 meters, as well as on the outskirts of fields and roadsides, either wild or cultivated.