丁萝卜，中药名。为菊科植物台湾莴苣LactucaformosanaMaxim.的全草。分布于河北、河南、山西、陕西、甘肃、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖北、四川、贵州等省。具有清热解毒，祛风湿，活血之功效。常用于疔疮痈肿，咽喉肿痛，乳痈，疥癣，痔疮，蛇咬伤，风湿痹痛，跌打损伤。
Ding-luo-bo, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the whole herb of Lactuca formosana Maxim., a plant of the Asteraceae family. It is distributed in provinces such as Hebei, Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Hubei, Sichuan, and Guizhou. It has the functions of clearing heat and detoxification, dispelling wind and dampness, and promoting blood circulation. It is commonly used for treating carbuncles, furuncles, sore throat, breast abscess, scabies, hemorrhoids, snake bites, rheumatic arthralgia, and bruises.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热解毒，祛风湿，活血。
Clearing heat, detoxifying, dispelling dampness, and promoting blood circulation.

主治 Indications

疔疮痈肿，咽喉肿痛，乳痈，疥癣，痔疮，蛇咬伤，风湿痹痛，跌打损伤。
Boils, carbuncles, sore throat, mastitis, scabies, hemorrhoids, snake bites, rheumatic pain, and bruises.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：15-30g，或泡酒。外用：适量，捣敷，或煎水洗患处。
Internal use: 15-30g, or soak in alcohol. External use: appropriate amount, crush for application, or decoct in water for washing the affected area.

药理作用 Pharmacological Effects

降低血胆固醇。
Lowering blood cholesterol.

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1. 治扁桃体炎：丁萝卜鲜根15-25g（干根5-10g），水煎，日服3次，若制成丸散，则每服2.5-5g，温开水送服，效果良好。（《全国中草药汇编》）
   Treatment of tonsillitis: Fresh roots of Radix Platycodi 15-25g (5-10g for dried roots), decocted in water, taken 3 times a day. If made into pills or powder, the dosage is 2.5-5g per dose, taken with warm water. It has a good therapeutic effect. (From "Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines Nationwide")

2. 治慢性阑尾炎及阑尾周围炎：丁萝卜鲜全草50g，红花5g，桃仁15g，大血藤50g，与黄酒、水合煎服，一日2次。（《全国中草药汇编》）
   Treatment of chronic appendicitis and periappendicitis: Fresh whole plant of Radix Platycodi 50g, safflower 5g, peach kernel 15g, large bloodvine 50g, decocted with yellow wine and water, taken twice a day. (From "Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines Nationwide")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：春、夏间采收，洗净，鲜用或晒干。
Harvesting and processing: Harvest in spring or summer, wash and use fresh or dry in the shade.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：菊科植物台湾莴苣。
Plant species: Lactuca formosana Maxim., a plant of the Asteraceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

一年生或二年生草本，高80-120cm，体内含有乳白色汁液。主根圆锥形，1至数条。茎直立，单一，上部多分枝。叶通常无柄；叶片披针形或长圆状披针形，长6-14cm，基部下延呈耳廓状抱茎，耳缘具锯齿，有毛，尤其是嫩叶背面的主脉上具有长毛，少有无毛的，边缘羽状分裂，裂片边缘复作齿牙状，顶端裂片较大，两侧裂片略下倾，先端尖锐、短渐尖或钝。夏、秋季开淡黄色花，头状花序排列成圆锥状，总苞长12-15mm，内层苞片披针形，长约10mm，全部为舌状花；雄蕊5，着生于花冠上；子房下位。瘦果先端的喙长1-4mm。
A biennial or annual herb, 80-120cm tall, with milky white sap inside. The main root is conical, usually 1 to several. The stem is erect, single, and branched in the upper part. The leaves are usually sessile; leaf blades are lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate, 6-14cm long, with the base extending downward to clasp the stem like auricles, the auricle margin serrated, hairy, especially with long hairs on the main veins on the back of young leaves, few are hairless, margin pinnately lobed, lobes with toothed margins, the terminal lobe larger, the lateral lobes slightly downward, apex acute, shortly acuminate, or obtuse. In summer and autumn, pale yellow flowers bloom in a head-like inflorescence arranged in a conical shape, with the involucre 12-15mm long, inner bracts lanceolate, about 10mm long, all ligulate flowers; stamens 5, attached to the corolla; ovary inferior. The beak at the tip of the achene is 1-4mm long.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于河北、河南、山西、陕西、甘肃、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖北、四川、贵州等省。
Distributed in provinces such as Hebei, Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Hubei, Sichuan, and Guizhou.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于山坡、路边、草地等处。
Born on mountain slopes, roadsides, grasslands, and other places.