秋枫木，中药名。为大戟科植物秋枫木BischofiajavanicaBl.的根、树皮。分布于西南、中南、华东等地。具有祛风除湿，化瘀消积之功效。常用于风湿骨痛，噎膈，反胃，痢疾。
Qiu-feng-mu, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Bischofia javanica Bl.) refers to the root and bark of the plant Bischofia javanica Bl. of the Euphorbiaceae family. It is distributed in the southwest, central south, and east China. It is known for its effects of dispelling wind and dampness, resolving blood stasis, and eliminating accumulation. It is commonly used for rheumatic pain, choking sensation in the chest, nausea, and dysentery.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

祛风除湿，化瘀消积。
Dispelling wind and dampness, resolving stasis and dispersing accumulation.

主治 Indications

用于风湿骨痛，噎膈，反胃，痢疾。
Used for rheumatic bone pain, dysphagia, gastric reflux, and dysentery.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，9-15g；或浸酒。外用：适量，捣敷。
Internal use: decoction, 9-15g; or soak in alcohol. External use: appropriate amount, pound and apply.

相关论述 Related Discussions

《广西本草选编》：“祛风化湿。主治风湿骨痛。”
"Guangxi Materia Medica Compilation": "Dispels wind and transforms dampness. Used to treat wind-dampness and bone pain."

《全国中草药汇编》：“行气活血。”
"National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines": "Promotes qi circulation and activates blood."

《福建药物志》：“治膈食反胃。”
"Fujian Pharmacopoeia": "Treats rebellious stomach qi causing nausea."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

治风湿骨痛：秋枫木根或树皮9-15g，浸酒服，并用药酒外擦。（《广西本草选编》）
Treatment for rheumatism and bone pain: 9-15g of autumn maple root or bark, soaked in alcohol for consumption, and also used externally by rubbing with medicated alcohol. (From "Guangxi Materia Medica Compilation")

治膈食反胃：重阳木60g，桑寄生、苦杏仁、白英、石菖蒲、丁葵各15g。水煎冲白糖少许，每日1剂，四次分服。（《福建药物志》）
Treatment for rebellious stomach qi causing nausea: 60g of chongyang wood, 15g each of mulberry mistletoe, bitter apricot kernel, white vitex, acorus, and datura. Decoct in water, add a little white sugar, take one dose daily, divided into four servings. (From "Fujian Pharmacopoeia")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：夏、秋季采收，鲜用，浸酒或晒干用。
Harvest in summer and autumn, use fresh, soak in wine, or dry in the sun.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：大戟科植物秋枫木。
Botanical species: Bischofia polycarpa (L. Hérit.) Airy Shaw, a plant of the Euphorbiaceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

秋枫木又名胡杨、红桐、苳树、赤木。常绿或半常绿乔木，高可达20m。顶枝粗壮，三出复叶，革质；有长达8-20cm的总叶柄；侧生小叶柄长0.5-2cm，顶生小叶柄长2-5cm；小叶片卵形、倒卵形、长椭圆形、椭圆形或稀有披针形，长7-15cm，宽4-8cm，先端急尖或短尾状渐尖，基部宽楔形或钝圆，边缘有疏锯齿，每1cm有锯齿2-3个；两面光滑无毛。花小，单性，雌雄异株，无花瓣；圆锥状花序腋生，雌花序较长，长达15-27cm；萼片5，覆瓦状排列；雄花雄蕊5；退化子房盾状；雌花子房3或4室，每室2胚珠，花柱3，不分裂。果实不开裂，球形或略扁，直径约13mm，淡褐色；种子长约5mm。花、果期全年。
Autumn maple, also known as red toon, tung tree, or redwood, is an evergreen or semi-evergreen tree up to 20m tall. Terminal branches are stout, with leathery trifoliate compound leaves; petiole 8–20 cm long; lateral leaflets with petioles 0.5–2 cm, terminal leaflet with petiole 2–5 cm; leaflets ovate, obovate, oblong, elliptic, or rarely lanceolate, 7–15 cm × 4–8 cm, acute or shortly acuminate at apex, broadly cuneate or obtuse at base, margin sparsely serrate (2–3 teeth per cm); both surfaces glabrous. Flowers small, unisexual, dioecious, without petals; axillary panicles, female inflorescences longer, up to 15–27 cm; 5 sepals imbricate; male flowers with 5 stamens; rudimentary ovary shield-shaped; female flowers with 3–4-celled ovary, each cell with 2 ovules, stigma 3, undivided. Fruit indehiscent, spherical or slightly flattened, ca. 13 mm in diameter, pale brown; seed ca. 5 mm long. Flowering and fruiting throughout the year.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于西南、中南、华东等地。
Distributed in Southwest China, Central South China, East China, and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于山谷阴湿的林中，多见于溪旁近水处。
Grows in damp, shady forests in valleys, commonly found near streams and moist areas.