地菍，中药名。为野牡丹科植物地菍MelastomadodecandrumLour.的地上部分。分布于浙江、江西、福建、湖南、广东、广西、贵州等地。具有清热解毒，活血止血之功效。常用于高热，肺痈，咽肿，牙痛，赤白痢疾，黄疸，水肿，痛经，崩漏，带下，产后腹痛，瘰疬，痈肿，疔疮，痔疮，毒蛇咬伤。
Di-nie, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It is the aerial part of the wild pomegranate plant Melastoma dodecandrum Lour., which belongs to the family Melastomataceae. It is distributed in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, and other places. It has the functions of clearing heat, detoxification, promoting blood circulation, and stopping bleeding. It is commonly used for high fever, lung abscess, throat swelling, toothache, dysentery, jaundice, edema, dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, leukorrhea, postpartum abdominal pain, scrofula, carbuncle, boils, hemorrhoids, and snake bites.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

清热解毒，活血止血。主治
Clearing heat and detoxifying, promoting blood circulation and stopping bleeding. Used to treat...

高热，肺痈，咽肿，牙痛，赤白痢疾，黄疸，水肿，痛经，崩漏，带下，产后腹痛，瘰疬，痈肿，疔疮，痔疮，毒蛇咬伤。用法用量
High fever, lung abscess, throat swelling, toothache, dysentery, jaundice, edema, dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, abnormal vaginal discharge, postpartum abdominal pain, scrofula, carbuncle, furuncle, hemorrhoids, snakebite. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，15-30g，鲜品用量加倍；或鲜品捣汁。外用：适量，捣敷或煎汤洗。注意事项
Internal use: Decoction, 15-30g, double the amount for fresh herbs; or crush and juice fresh herbs. External use: Apply an appropriate amount, crush for poultice or decoct for washing. Precautions.

孕妇慎服。不宜与麦冬、硫磺、雄黄同用。药理作用
Pregnant women should use with caution. It is not suitable to be used together with Ophiopogon japonicus, sulfur, and realgar. Pharmacological effects.

具有抑菌、抗脂质氧化、抗病毒、抗肿瘤等多种药理作用。相关论述
Possesses various pharmacological effects such as antibacterial, anti-lipid oxidation, antiviral, and anti-tumor activities. Relevant discussions.

1、《生草药性备要》：“洗疳痔，热毒，麻疥，烂脚。理蛇伤。”2、《湖南药物志》：“清热解毒，止痛，利大小便。主治黄疸，水肿，疳积，劳损白带，经漏，瘰疬。”3、《广西本草选编》：“治痔疮，湿疹，外伤出血。”4、《福建药物志》：“清热凉血，消肿解毒。主治风湿痛、疝气、肾炎、肾盂肾炎、菌痢、慢性扁桃体炎、喉炎、小儿脱肛、疳积、胎动不安，白带，血崩，外伤出血，便血，内外痔，预防流行性脑脊脑髓膜炎；叶治牙疳，肺脓疡、痈疽疔疮。”5、《广西民族药简编》：“水煎当茶饮，治习惯性流产；捣汁服，治消化不良的呕吐。”6、《湖北中草药志》：“清热利湿，舒筋活络，补血止血。用于腰腿痛、风湿骨痛、肠炎、痢疾、久疟不愈、盆腔炎、月经过多等症。”临床应用 相关配伍

1. "Sheng Cao Yao Xing Bei Yao": "Used for washing gu disease, hemorrhoids, scabies, and ulcerated feet. Also effective for treating snake bites." 2. "Pharmacopoeia of Hunan Province": "Clears heat, detoxifies, relieves pain, promotes urination and bowel movements. Mainly used for treating jaundice, edema, accumulation syndrome, excessive leukorrhea due to overexertion, irregular menstruation, and scrofula." 3. "Selected Compilation of Guangxi Materia Medica": "Effective for treating hemorrhoids, eczema, and external bleeding from injuries." 4. "Pharmacopoeia of Fujian Province": "Clears heat, cools blood, reduces swelling, and detoxifies. Mainly used for rheumatic pain, hernia, nephritis, pyelonephritis, dysentery, chronic tonsillitis, pharyngitis, pediatric anal prolapse, accumulation syndrome, restless fetus, leukorrhea, menorrhagia, external bleeding from injuries, hematochezia, internal and external hemorrhoids, and prevention of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis; also treats dental caries, pulmonary abscess, carbuncle, and furuncle." 5. "Brief Compilation of Ethnic Medicine in Guangxi": "Decoction for drinking as tea to treat habitual miscarriage; juice for treating indigestion-induced vomiting." 6. "Pharmacopoeia of Hubei Province": "Clears heat, eliminates dampness, relaxes tendons, invigorates blood, and stops bleeding. Used for lumbar and leg pain, rheumatic bone pain, enteritis, dysentery, prolonged malaria, pelvic inflammatory disease, excessive menstruation, and other conditions." Clinical applications and relevant compatibility.

1、治胃痛：干山地菍30-75g，樟木皮30g，水煎服。(《新会草药》)2、治肝炎，肝肿大：干地菍全草60g，兔子1只，分别水炖，两液混匀，即呈白色块状，用瓷匙装服。上为1剂。(《常用青草药手册》)3、治小儿小便混浊（状如牛乳，疳积引起）：干地菍全草30g，冰糖适量，水煎早晚分服。(《常用青草药手册》)4、治脓疱疮：鲜地菍全草1-1.5kg。水煎洗患处。(《常用青草药手册》)加工炮制 采收加工

1. Treatment for stomach pain: 30-75g of dried Hedyotis diffusa, 30g of Cinnamomum camphora bark, decoct in water and take orally. (From "Xinhui Herbal Medicine")2. Treatment for hepatitis and hepatomegaly: 60g of whole dried Hedyotis diffusa, 1 rabbit, stew separately in water, mix the two liquids evenly until it forms white blocks, take orally with a porcelain spoon. This is one dose. (From "Handbook of Common Green Herbal Medicines")3. Treatment for cloudy urine in children (resembling milk, caused by accumulation of phlegm-heat): 30g of whole dried Hedyotis diffusa, appropriate amount of rock sugar, decoct in water and take in divided doses in the morning and evening. (From "Handbook of Common Green Herbal Medicines")4. Treatment for pyogenic skin lesions: 1-1.5kg of fresh whole Hedyotis diffusa, decoct in water and use for washing the affected area. (From "Handbook of Common Green Herbal Medicines")Processing and preparation: Harvesting and processing.

5-6月采收，洗净，除去杂质，晒干或烘干。药材鉴别 药材性状
Harvest in May to June, clean, remove impurities, and dry in the sun or with heat. Medicinal material identification and characteristics.

茎四棱形，多分枝，长10-25cm，直径1-2mm，表面灰褐色或棕褐色，扭曲，有纵条纹，节处有细须根。叶对生，深绿色，多皱缩破碎，展开后呈卵形或椭圆形，长1-4cm，宽0.8-3cm，仅上面边缘和下面脉上生极疏的糙伏毛。花棕褐色，萼筒5裂，花瓣5。气微，味微酸涩。植物学信息 植物种属
The stem is four-angled, highly branched, 10-25cm long, 1-2mm in diameter, with a gray-brown or brown surface, twisted, longitudinally striped, and with fine root hairs at the nodes. The leaves are opposite, deep green, often wrinkled and broken, ovate or elliptic when unfolded, 1-4cm long, 0.8-3cm wide, with very sparse rough hairs only on the upper edges and lower veins. The flowers are brown, with a 5-lobed calyx and 5 petals. It has a mild aroma and a slightly sour astringent taste. Botanical information about the plant species.

野牡丹科植物地菍。形态特征
Wild peony is a plant of the Ranunculaceae family. Its morphological characteristics include:

地菍，又名紫茄子、山辣茄、库卢子、地樱子、地枇杷。矮小灌木，高10-30cm。茎匍匐上升，逐节生根，分枝多，披散，地上各部被糙伏毛。叶对生；叶柄长2-6mm；叶片坚纸质，卵形或椭圆形，长1-4cm，宽0.8-3cm，先端急尖，基部广楔形，全缘或具密浅细锯齿；基出脉3-5条。聚伞花序顶生，有花1-3朵，基部有叶状总苞2；花梗2-10mm；花5数，花萼管长约5mm，被糙伏毛，毛基部膨大呈圆锥状，有时2-3簇生，裂片披针形，长2-3mm，边缘具刺毛状缘毛，裂片间具1小裂片；花瓣淡紫色至紫红色，菱状倒卵形，上部略偏斜，长1.2-2cm，宽1-1.5cm，先端有1束刺毛，被疏缘毛；雄蕊5长5短，长者药隔基部延伸，弯曲，末端具2小瘤；短者药隔不伸延，药隔基部具2小瘤；子房下位，先端具刺毛。蒴果坛状球形，平截，近先端略缢缩，肉质，不开裂，长7-9mm，直径约7mm，宿存萼被糙伏毛。花期5-7月，果期7-9月。分布区域
Ditranthera, also known as purple eggplant, mountain pepper, kulu zi, diyingzi, and dipipa. It is a small shrub, 10-30cm tall. The stem is prostrate and ascending, rooting at each node, with many branches, spreading, and covered with rough appressed hairs on all parts above ground. Leaves are opposite; petioles are 2-6mm long; leaf blades are stiffly papery, ovate or elliptic, 1-4cm long, 0.8-3cm wide, acute at the apex, broadly cuneate at the base, entire or with dense shallow serrations; 3-5 basal veins. Umbel-like cymes are terminal, with 1-3 flowers, and 2 leaf-like bracts at the base; flower stalks are 2-10mm long; flowers are pentamerous, with a calyx tube about 5mm long, covered with rough appressed hairs, with a swollen base forming a conical shape, sometimes 2-3 clusters, lobes lanceolate, 2-3mm long, with prickly marginal hairs, and 1 small lobe between the lobes; petals are pale purple to purple-red, rhomboid-ovate, slightly oblique at the upper part, 1.2-2cm long, 1-1.5cm wide, with a tuft of prickly hairs at the apex, sparsely ciliate; stamens 5 long and 5 short, the longer ones with an extended base of the connective, curved, and with 2 small tubercles at the tip; the shorter ones with no extension of the connective, with 2 small tubercles at the base; ovary inferior, with prickly hairs at the apex. Capsules are ovoid-globose, flat-topped, slightly constricted near the apex, fleshy, indehiscent, 7-9mm long, about 7mm in diameter, persistent calyx covered with rough appressed hairs. Flowering period is from May to July, and fruiting period is from July to September. Distribution area.

分布于浙江、江西、福建、湖南、广东、广西、贵州等地。生长环境
Distributed in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou and other regions. Growing environment.

生于海拔1250m以下的山坡矮草丛中，为酸性土壤常见的植物。
Born in the low grassy slopes below 1250 meters above sea level, this plant is commonly found in acidic soil.