凹头苋，中药名。为苋科苋属植物凹头苋AmaranthuslividusL.的全草和种子。具有清热利湿之功效。主治肠炎，痢疾，咽炎，乳腺炎，痔疮肿痛出血，毒蛇咬伤。
Ao-tou-xian, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Amaranthus lividus L.). It refers to the whole plant and seeds of the amaranth species Amaranthus lividus L. in the family Amaranthaceae. It has the functions of clearing heat and dampness. It is mainly used to treat enteritis, dysentery, pharyngitis, mastitis, hemorrhoids with swelling and pain, and snake bites.

功效作用 功能
The efficacy and functions.

清热利湿。主治
Clearing heat and dampness. Used to treat

肠炎，痢疾，咽炎，乳腺炎，痔疮肿痛出血，毒蛇咬伤。用法用量
Enteritis, dysentery, pharyngitis, mastitis, painful and bleeding hemorrhoids, and snake bites. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，12-18g。外用：鲜草适量，捣烂敷患处。植物学信息 植物种属
Internal use: Decoction, 12-18g. External use: Appropriate amount of fresh grass, mashed and applied to the affected area. Botanical information: Plant species.

苋科苋属凹头苋。形态特征
Amaranthaceae, genus Amaranthus, refers to the depressed amaranth. Morphological characteristics

一年生草本，高10-30cm，全体无毛；茎伏卧而上升，从基部分枝，淡绿色或紫红色。叶片卵形或菱状卵形，长1.5-4.5cm，宽1-3cm，顶端凹缺，有1芒尖，或微小不显，基部宽楔形，全缘或稍呈波状；叶柄长1-3.5cm。花成腋生花簇，直至下部叶的腋部，生在茎端和枝端者成直立穗状花序或圆锥花序；苞片及小苞片矩圆形，长不及1mm；花被片矩圆形或披针形，长1.2-1.5mm，淡绿色，顶端急尖，边缘内曲，背部有1隆起中脉；雄蕊比花被片稍短；柱头3或2，果熟时脱落。胞果扁卵形，长3mm，不裂，微皱缩而近平滑，超出宿存花被片。种子环形，直径约12mm，黑色至黑褐色，边缘具环状边。花期7-8月，果期8-9月。分布区域
It is an annual herb, 10-30cm tall, and entirely hairless; the stem is prostrate and ascending, branching from the base, pale green or purple-red. The leaves are ovate or rhombic-ovate, 1.5-4.5cm long, 1-3cm wide, with a concave apex, with one awn or slightly inconspicuous, the base broadly wedge-shaped, entire or slightly undulate; petiole 1-3.5cm long. Flowers are axillary, forming clusters, extending to the axils of the lower leaves, those at the stem and branch tips forming erect spike-like or conical inflorescences; bracts and bracteoles are rectangular, less than 1mm long; tepals are rectangular or lanceolate, 1.2-1.5mm long, pale green, acute at the apex, inwardly curved at the margin, with a raised midvein on the back; stamens are slightly shorter than the tepals; styles are 3 or 2, falling off when the fruit is ripe. Capsules are flattened-ovoid, 3mm long, not splitting, slightly wrinkled and nearly smooth, exceeding the persistent tepals. Seeds are annular, about 12mm in diameter, black to blackish-brown, with a ring-shaped margin. Flowering period is from July to August, and fruiting period is from August to September. Distribution area: [not provided]

除内蒙古、宁夏、青海、西藏外，全国广泛分布。还分布于日本、欧洲、非洲北部及南美。生长环境
In addition to Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Qinghai, and Tibet, it is widely distributed throughout the country. It is also found in Japan, Europe, northern Africa, and South America. This plant grows in various environments.

生于田野、人家附近的杂草地上。
Born in the fields and on the outskirts of human settlements, in the wild grasslands.