山慈姑叶，中药名。为兰科杜鹃兰属植物杜鹃兰Cremastraappendiculata（D.Don）Makino或独蒜兰属植物独蒜兰Pleionebulbocodioides（Franch.）Rolfe等的叶。植物杜鹃兰，分布于我国黄河流域至西南、华南等地；植物独蒜兰，分布于我国华东、中南及陕西、甘肃等地。具有清热解毒之功效。主治痈肿疮毒。
Shan-ci-gu-ye, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Leaves of Cremastra appendiculata (D.Don) Makino or Pleione bulbocodioides (Franch.) Rolfe), is the leaf of the orchid plant Cremastra appendiculata (D.Don) Makino or Pleione bulbocodioides (Franch.) Rolfe. Cremastra appendiculata is distributed in the Yellow River Basin, Southwest China, and South China, while Pleione bulbocodioides is distributed in East China, Central and South China, as well as Shaanxi and Gansu provinces. It has the functions of clearing heat and detoxification, and is mainly used to treat carbuncles, swelling, and toxic sores.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热解毒。
Clearing heat and detoxifying.

主治 Indications

痈肿疮毒。
Abscess, swelling, sores, and toxins.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

外用：适量，捣敷。
External use: Apply an appropriate amount and gently rub or pat onto the affected area.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《纲目》：“涂乳痈、便毒尤妙。”
"Compendium of Materia Medica": "Applying it to breast abscesses and carbuncles is especially effective."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

治疮肿，取（山慈菇）茎叶捣为膏，入蜜、贴疮口上。候清血出，效。（《经验方》）
To treat swollen sores, take the stems and leaves of Cremastra appendiculata (Shan Ci Gu), mash them into a paste, mix with honey, and apply to the sore. When clear blood appears, it will be effective. (From "Empirical Prescriptions")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：夏、秋季采收，洗净，鲜用。
Harvest in summer and autumn, wash thoroughly, and use fresh.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：兰科杜鹃兰属植物杜鹃兰或独蒜兰属植物独蒜兰等的叶。
The leaves come from plants such as Cremastra appendiculata (Dendrobium) of the Orchidaceae family or Pleione bulbocodioides (Allium) of the Pleione genus.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

1、杜鹃兰，陆生植物。假鳞茎聚生，近球形，粗1-3厘米。顶生1叶，很少具2叶；叶片椭圆形，长达45厘米，宽4-8厘米，先端急尖，基部收窄为柄。花葶侧生于假鳞茎顶端，直立，粗壮，通常高出叶外，疏生2枚筒状鞘；总状花序疏生多数花；花偏向一侧，紫红色；花苞片狭披针形，等长于或短于花梗（连子房）；花被片呈筒状，先端略开展；萼片和花瓣近相等，倒披针形，长3.5厘米左右，中上部宽约4毫米，先端急尖；唇瓣近匙形，与萼片近等长，基部浅囊状，两侧边缘略向上反折，前端扩大并为3裂，侧裂片狭小，中裂片长圆形，基部具1个紧贴或多少分离的附属物；合蕊柱纤细，略短于萼片。花期6-8月。

1. Cremastra appendiculata, a terrestrial plant. Pseudobulbs are clustered, nearly spherical, 1–3 cm thick. One leaf grows at the top, rarely two; the elliptic leaf can reach up to 45 cm in length and 4–8 cm in width, with an acute apex and a narrowed base forming a petiole. The flower stem arises laterally from the top of the pseudobulb, erect and stout, usually taller than the leaf, sparsely bearing two tubular sheaths; the raceme bears many flowers loosely; flowers are purplish-red and inclined to one side; bracts are narrowly lanceolate, equal to or shorter than the pedicel (including ovary); tepals are tubular, slightly spreading at the apex; sepals and petals are nearly equal, oblanceolate, about 3.5 cm long, ca. 4 mm wide in the upper middle, with an acute apex; labellum is nearly spoon-shaped, almost as long as the sepals, with a shallow sac-like base, margins slightly upturned, expanded and 3-lobed at the front, lateral lobes small, mid-lobe oblong, with a basal appendage that is closely attached or somewhat separated; column slender, slightly shorter than the sepals. Flowering period: June to August.

2、独蒜兰，陆生植物，高15-25厘米。假鳞茎狭卵形或长颈瓶状，长1-2厘米，顶生1枚叶，叶落后留一杯状齿环。叶和花同时出现，椭圆状披针形，长10-25厘米，宽2-5厘米，先端稍钝或渐尖，基部收狭成柄，抱花葶。花葶顶生1朵花。花苞片长圆形，近急尖，等于或长于子房；花淡紫色或粉红色；萼片直立，狭披针形，长达4厘米，宽5-7毫米，先端急尖；唇瓣基部楔形，先端凹缺或几乎不凹缺，边缘具不整齐的锯齿，内面有3-5条波状或近直立的褶片。花期4-5月，果期7月。
2. Pleione bulbocodioides, a terrestrial plant, 15–25 cm tall. Pseudobulb narrowly ovoid or flask-shaped, 1–2 cm long, bearing one leaf at the apex, leaving behind a cup-shaped toothed ring after leaf fall. Leaves and flowers appear simultaneously; leaf blade elliptic-lanceolate, 10–25 cm long, 2–5 cm wide, apex slightly obtuse or gradually pointed, base narrowed into a petiole that clasps the flower stem. One flower per inflorescence, terminal on the scape. Bracts oblong, nearly acute, equal to or longer than the ovary; flowers pale purple or pink; sepals erect, narrowly lanceolate, up to 4 cm long, 5–7 mm wide, apex acute; labellum with wedge-shaped base, apex notched or nearly entire, margins irregularly serrate, with 3–5 wavy or nearly erect lamellae on the inner surface. Flowering period: April to May; fruiting period: July.

分布区域 Distribution Area

植物杜鹃兰，分布于我国黄河流域至西南、华南等地。植物独蒜兰，分布于我国华东、中南及陕西、甘肃等地。
The plant Cremastra appendiculata is distributed from the Yellow River Basin to Southwest and South China. Pleione bulbocodioides is found in East China, Central and Southern China, as well as Shaanxi and Gansu provinces.

生长环境 Growing Environment

1、杜鹃兰，生于山沟阴湿处。2、独蒜兰，生于海拔630-3000米的林下或沟谷旁有泥土的石壁上。

1. Cremastra appendiculata grows in damp and shady mountain valleys. 2. Pleione bulbocodioides grows on muddy rock faces in forests or beside ravines at altitudes of 630–3000 meters.