山矾花，中药名。为山矾科山矾属植物山矾SymplocoscaudataWall.[SymplocossumuntiaBuch.-Ham.exD.Don]的花。植物山矾，分布于我国江苏、浙江、福建、台湾、广东（海南）、广西、江西、湖南、湖北、四川、贵州，云南。具有化痰解郁，生津止渴之功效。主治咳嗽胸闷，小儿消渴。
Shan-fan-hua, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. s the flower of Symplocos caudata Wall. [Symplocos sumuntia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don], a plant belonging to the Symplocaceae family. The plant is distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong (Hainan), Guangxi, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, and Yunnan provinces of China. It has the functions of resolving phlegm, relieving depression, nourishing yin, and quenching thirst. It is mainly used to treat cough and chest stuffiness, as well as childhood diabetes.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

化痰解郁，生津止渴。
Resolve phlegm and relieve depression, generate body fluids and quench thirst.

主治 Indications

咳嗽胸闷，小儿消渴。
Cough and chest tightness, pediatric polydipsia.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，6-9g。
Internal administration: Decoction, 6-9g.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《江西草药》：“理气化痰。治咳嗽胸闷。”
"Jiangxi Herbal Medicine": "Regulate Qi, transform phlegm. Treat cough and chest stuffiness."

《湖南药物志》：“止渴。”
"Hunan Materia Medica": "Relieve thirst."

临床应用 Clinical Application

治咳嗽胸闷，山矾花9g，陈皮6g，菊花3g。水煎当茶饮。（《江西草药》）
To treat cough and chest tightness, use 9g of Inula Flower, 6g of Tangerine Peel, and 3g of Chrysanthemum. Decoct in water and drink as tea. (From "Jiangxi Herbal Medicine")

治小儿消渴症，（山矾）带花枝梢30g，甘蔗（茎梢）15g。水煎作茶饮。（《湖南药物志》）
To treat polydipsia in children, use 30g of Inula Flower with branches and twigs, and 15g of Sugarcane (stem tips). Decoct in water and drink as tea. (From "Hunan Materia Medica")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：2-3月采花，晒干。
Picking flowers in February and March, and then sun-drying them.

药材鉴别 Identification of Medicinal Material

药材性状：总状花序长2-4cm，被展开的柔毛；苞片阔卵形至倒卵形，密被柔毛，小苞片和苞片圆形；花萼筒倒圆锥形，无毛，裂片三角状卵形，背面有微柔毛；花冠黄褐色，5深裂几达基部，长4-6mm，裂片背面有微柔毛。气微，味淡。
The inflorescence is a spike, 2-4cm long, with expanded soft hairs; bracts are broadly ovate to inverted ovate, densely covered with soft hairs, with small bracts and bracts being round; the calyx tube is inverted conical, hairless, with triangular ovate lobes, and slightly hairy on the back; the corolla is yellow-brown, deeply 5-lobed almost to the base, 4-6mm long, with slightly hairy on the back of the lobes. It has a faint scent and a mild taste.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：山矾科山矾属植物山矾。
Rhus chinensis, a plant of the Anacardiaceae family, belongs to the genus Rhus.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

植物山矾，别名郑花（《山谷内集》），芸香、椗花、柘花、瑒花、春桂、七里香（《纲目》），㮳花（《植物名实图考》），山桂花（《中国高等植物图鉴》）。乔木，嫩枝褐色。叶薄革质，卵形、狭倒卵形、倒披针状椭圆形，长3.5-8厘米，宽1.5-3厘米，先端常呈尾状渐尖，基部楔形或圆形，边缘具浅锯齿或波状齿，有时近全缘；中脉在叶面凹下，侧脉和网脉在两面均凸起，侧脉每边4-6条；叶柄长0.5-1厘米。总状花序长2.5-4厘米，被展开的柔毛；苞片早落，阔卵形至倒卵形，长约1毫米，密被柔毛，小苞片与苞片同形；花萼长2-2.5毫米，萼筒倒圆锥形，无毛，裂片三角状卵形，与萼筒等长或稍短于萼筒，背面有微柔毛；花冠白色，5深裂几达基部，长4-4.5毫米，裂片背面有微柔毛；雄蕊25-35枚，花丝基部稍合生；花盘环状，无毛；子房3室。核果卵状坛形，长7-10毫米，外果皮薄而脆，顶端宿萼裂片直立，有时脱落。花期2-3月，果期6-7月。
The plant known as Rhus chinensis, also called Zhenghua (from "Shangu Neiji"), Yuxiang, Dinghua, Zhehua, Yanghua, Chungui, Qilixiang (from "Gangmu"), Lianhua (from "Zhiwu Mingshi Tukao"), and Shanguihua (from "Zhongguo Gaodeng Zhiwu Tujian"). It is a tall tree with brown young branches. The leaves are thin and leathery, ovate, narrowly ovate, oblong-lanceolate, 3.5-8 cm long, 1.5-3 cm wide, tapering to a tail-like point at the tip, and wedge-shaped or rounded at the base. The margins are shallowly serrated or undulating, sometimes nearly entire. The midrib is concave on the upper surface, while the lateral veins and reticulate veins are raised on both sides, with 4-6 pairs of lateral veins on each side. The leaf stalk is 0.5-1 cm long. The inflorescence is 2.5-4 cm long, covered with spreading soft hairs. The bracts fall early, broadly ovate to ovate, about 1 mm long, densely covered with soft hairs, similar in shape to the small bracts. The calyx is 2-2.5 mm long, with an inverted conical calyx tube, hairless, and triangular-ovate lobes, as long as or slightly shorter than the calyx tube, with a slightly hairy back. The corolla is white, deeply 5-lobed almost to the base, 4-4.5 mm long, with a slightly hairy back on the lobes. There are 25-35 stamens, with the filaments slightly fused at the base. The disc is annular and hairless. The ovary has 3 chambers. The fruit is ovoid or barrel-shaped, 7-10 mm long, with thin and brittle outer skin. The persistent calyx lobes stand upright at the apex, sometimes falling off. The flowering period is from February to March, and the fruiting period is from June to July.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于我国江苏、浙江、福建、台湾、广东（海南）、广西、江西、湖南、湖北、四川、贵州，云南。
Distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong (Hainan), Guangxi, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, and Yunnan provinces of China.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔200-1500米的山林间。
Born in the mountains at an altitude of 200-1500 meters.